Browsing by Title
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Viborg Andersen, Kim; Zinner Henriksen, Helle (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Bhutan is in economic terms highly dependent of tourism. E-tourism is in this report assessed as a mean to maintain the current positive development in tourism and as a driver for extending tourism to new markets. Effective use of information, communication, distribution and transactions through the new media, such as the Internet, can lead to an increased level of economic activity in the tourism sector in Bhutan. Also, the indirect economic impacts on transportation, accommodation and the retail/ handicraft industry can be substantial. The macro-economic impacts of e-tourism in terms GDP growth, improvement of the foreign exchange balance, and increased employment are in this report described in three scenarios based on a forecasted annual increase in tourism by 15%. In the event driven scenario where the Bhutanese tourism industry manages to increase the number of bed nights per tourist and their consumption by 15% and to increase the number of international arrivals by 5%, there is a short term increase in the GDP output from the tourism sector and the dependent sectors by 22.4%, an improvement of the foreign exchange balance by 1.2 million USD, and an increase in the employment in the tourism sector and the dependent sectors by 5.1%. In the transition driven scenario the Bhutanese tourism sector manages to use the internet and other technologies to increase the number of international arrivals by 15% but the number of bed nights increases by only 5% and the consumption by 5%. In this scenario, the GDP output increases by 8.7% and employment by only 2.3%, whereas the foreign exchange balance increases by 623,000 USD. In the tourism consumption spending driven scenario, there is an increase in the number of international arrivals and bed nights by 5% only, but the consumption by tourists increases by 15%. Thus, the GDP contribution from the tourism sector and the dependent sectors increases by 15.5% and employment by 6.7%, whereas the foreign exchange balance increases by 873,000 USD. There are several challenges to be met in order for the full scale benefits of e-tourism to materialize. Effective online visa procedures and marketing training of tour operators are being implemented as part of the E-Bhutis project. Economic incentives for the tour operators and the scale of economics benefits are less visible in the current business structure. The relative limited international orientation of the tour market and the lack of international players at the Bhutan market are other inhibiting factors for e-tourism to materialize in the Bhutanese economy. This report also highlights several facilitating factors for e-tourism to flourish: the commitment by the Association of Bhutanese Tour Operators (ABTO) and the willingness of the various institutional players to facilitate a smoother visa application process. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6439 Files in this item: 1
wp2006-009.pdf (438.6Kb) -
Bennedsen, Morten; Nielsen, Kasper (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Gangopadhyay, Shubhashis; Wihlborg, Clas (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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Do homogeneous brand associations benefit the brand?Koll, Oliver; von Wallpach, Sylvia; Platzgummer, Sophia (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Brand associations have been linked to brand response in numerous ways. Much research has focused on the number, valence and uniqueness of brand associations. This paper focuses on another association facet which managerially-oriented brand literature frequently highlights as a sign of brand strength: Brand consensus, that is, the degree to which people elicit the same associations when confronted with a brand. We introduce two meaningful operationalizations of consensus (group- and individual-level) and discuss and test the link between consensus and brand response. Our results, which are based on a large-scale study for an international luxury brand, show that for individual consumers high levels of brand consensus tend to foster positive brand response whereas for a group as a whole too much brand consensus tends to be detrimental. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8682 Files in this item: 1
Wallpach_2012_1.pdf (57.73Kb) -
Rocha, Robson S. (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The present article investigates co-decision making with focus on the development of partnerships arrangements (PAs) between managers and trade-union representatives in a Danish multinational company which has grown through cross-border mergers and acquisitions. The findings show the difficulties which trade-union representatives and management face in combining different forms of corporate governance and supporting PAs. The article argues that hybrid forms of PAs are unlikely to develop, due to historically embedded governance institutions, which create distinct expectations about how a firm must be controlled and who has the rights to exert this control. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7343 Files in this item: 1
wp cbp 2008-60.pdf (195.0Kb) -
Rocha, Robson (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The present article investigates changes over time in the patterns of co-decisionmaking in a Danish multinational company which has grown through cross-border mergers and acquisitions. The findings show the difficulties that trade union representatives face when firms try to introduce a governance regime based on shareholder value ideology. The article argues that hybrid forms of governance are unlikely to develop due to historically embedded governance institutions, which create distinct expectations about how a firm must be governed and who has the right to participate in this governance. The spread of the Anglo-Saxon model of governance in Europe is likely to have negative effects on co-decision-making processes and established patterns of organizational cooperation. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7358 Files in this item: 1
wp cbp 2008-58.pdf (194.4Kb) -
Too Much of Two Good Things?Moberg, Kåre (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: I present an analysis of a survey in which the effect of entrepreneurship education and project-based education on students at lower secondary level is investigated. The results are based on a random sample of 2000 Danish students. The analysis indicates that entrepreneurship education has a positive effect on students’ personal development, and that its effect on entrepreneurial intentions is fully mediated by its effect on students’ self-conception. A finding with important policy implications is that there is a negative interaction effect between entrepreneurship education and project-based education regarding impact on students’ self-conception. The implication of the results is that we should replace project-based education with entrepreneurship education rather than having them run in parallel. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8515 Files in this item: 1
Moberg_SMGWP_4_2012.pdf (1.038Mb) -
Michailova, Snejina; Hutchings, Kate (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Management researchers have suggested that knowledge sharing has an important role to play in developing competitive advantage for organisations. It could be argued that the need to build advantage is even greater in the transition economies that are increasingly internationally oriented. Yet, it has been suggested that people in transition economies such as Russia and China have a propensity not to share knowledge. We proffer that Russians’ and Chinese’ willingness to share knowledge is highly influenced by group membership. By examining the extent to which group membership influences the processes of knowledge sharing in the Chinese and Russian cultural and institutional environments, we theoretically explore how in-groups and out-groups facilitate and impede knowledge sharing. Key Words: China, In-groups, Knowledge Sharing, Out-groups, Russia URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7289 Files in this item: 1
impact of in-groups.pdf (96.34Kb) -
Gatti, Anna; Vendelø, Morten Thanning (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Our paper reports research from the emerging institutional field of venture capitalists in Europe. In Europe venture capitalism began to emerge about ten years ago, and thus, in Europe the phenomenon has the characteristics of emergence and novelty, as a local in-dustry venture capitalists have yet to develop distinctive characteristics. The European countries do not constitute a homogeneous institutional environment, but must be per-ceived as different local settings, and thus, venture capitalism may evolve into different forms in the various parts of Europe. The objective is to understand if and how differen-ces in local institutional settings affect learning and adaptation by European venture ca-pitalists and start-ups, and thus, affect the processes of field formation. For example, it has been observed that institutional settings can facilitate or discourage learning from direct experience (Herriot et al., 1985). Thus, depending on the institutional settings venture capitalists and start-ups may rely on diffusion of experience in various degrees. Experiences can diffuse from the US, where venture capitalism as an entrepreneurial form evolved in Silicon Valley in the 1970s. In the US venture capitalists represent an institutionalized type of organization with formalized rules and standards, codified be-havior and roles (Suchman, 1995; Suchman et al., 2001). European venture capitalists and start-ups may imitate behavior and rules developed in Silicon Valley, and thus, a second research objective is to understand if and how US venture capitalism affect the evolvement of venture capitalism in Europe. We study the emergence of a venture capitalist industry in Denmark and Italy, and thus, by selecting two countries with distinctive differences in cultures and institutions, we study learning and adaptation by venture capitalists and start-ups in different institutio-nal settings. We suggest that venture capitalists and start-ups perceiving institutional settings as non venture-friendly are more likely to rely on learning by imitation than on trial-and-error learning. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6515 Files in this item: 1
05_2005.pdf (492.0Kb) -
presentations on share prices, insider trading and securities regulationRose, Caspar (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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Bjørn-Andersen, Niels; Viborg Andersen, Kim; Holm Larsen, Michael; Schou, Peter (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Danish banks have traditionally been in the absolute forefront globally as regards the automation and introduction of IT since the mid 60’ies. But when the e-commerce opportunities emerged in the late 90’ies, the majority of the Danish banks resisted the development. They saw no reason to be the prime movers in cannibalising their own key competitive advantage, the 2.500+ retail-outlets (branches) placed on all the best locations on corners of the shopping streets1. However, once pure Internet banks were introduced in 1998 - 2000, all major banks (and the computing centres servicing the smaller banks) launched massive initiatives to bring the brick-and-mortar banks back into the driver seat using Internet banking. At the end of 2003 more than 30% of all Danish bank customers are using Internet. This development in the banking industry is illustrated using two cases. The first is one of the most ambitious attempts at creating a Nordic based large international financial service company, capable of spearheading the transition to the digital economy - the case of Nordea. This bank is in the midst of various transformation processes across the organisation due to several years of multiple cross boarder mergers and acquisitions, new composition of the group executive management, increasing thrives towards automation of business processes to reduce costs, and different innovations involving a change of the roles of value network partners. The other case is Lån & Spar Bank, which is one of the smaller Danish banks, who have its basic IT services done at a joint computing centre owned with many other smaller banks, but have its own IT development for strategic purposed done in-house in close collaboration with the business units. This bank has been in the forefornt in adopting new IT-solutions. This report consists of an analysis of the background for the development of the Danish banking sectors, the key processes in the Danish banking industry, the environmental and policy actors influencing the development, the e-commerce readiness in the Danish banking sector, the diffusion of e-commerce, and finally the impact on efficiency, industry structure and competition. The main results are that there are more Danish financial institutions having Internet technologies and Internet applications than in the other nine countries in the GEC survey. Furthermore, we suspect that they have had it for a longer period on average than found elsewhere in the sample. However, when we compare the figures in the GEC-survey on the ‘ Use of Internet for the different business processes’, and ‘On-line support’, the number of Danish financial institutions having Internet applications is not higher than in the other countries. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6483 Files in this item: 1
04-2004.pdf (824.9Kb) -
the role of absorptive capacityMahnke, Volker; Pedersen, Torben; Venzin, Markus (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Empirical studies on the impact of knowledge management on the performance of MNC subsidiaries remain elusive to date. This study examines the effect of knowledge management tools such as corporate university, communities of practice, group benchmarking, learning systems and rewards upon absorptive capacity and performance with unique data from subsidiary units in a large German MNC – Heidelberger Cement. The findings suggest that knowledge management tools unfold their performance impact through their significant influence on absorptive capacity and knowledge inflows. The key contributions to the current literature on knowledge flows in the MNC include an empirically corroborated link between deployments of knowledge management tools and their impact on the subsidiary employee’s ability and motivation to learn from internal knowledge flows in the MNC as well as their impact on subsidiary business performance. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6495 Files in this item: 1
01-2004-3.pdf (471.2Kb) -
the role of absorptive capacityMahnke, Volker; Pedersen, Torben; Venzin, Markus (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Empirical studies on the impact of knowledge management on the performance of MNC subsidiaries remain elusive to date. This study examines the effect of knowledge management tools such as corporate university, communities of practice, group benchmarking, learning systems and rewards upon absorptive capacity and performance with unique data from subsidiary units in a large German MNC – Heidelberger Cement. The findings suggest that knowledge management tools unfold their performance impact through their significant influence on absorptive capacity and knowledge inflows. The key contributions to the current literature on knowledge flows in the MNC include an empirically corroborated link between deployments of knowledge management tools and their impact on the subsidiary employee’s ability and motivation to learn from internal knowledge flows in the MNC as well as their impact on subsidiary business performance. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7294 Files in this item: 1
impact of knowledge.pdf (142.8Kb) -
Rabbiosi, Larissa (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper explores theoretical and empirical ambiguities in the literature concerning the impact of foreign subsidiary autonomy on intra-MNE knowledge transfer. We argue that understanding the interdependences between subsidiary autonomy and the use of different communication systems – e.g. person-based and electronic-based communication systems – is crucial to putting forward new insights in the debate. Based on the recent literature on strategic management, we hypothesize that the two communication systems call for different degrees of subsidiary autonomy and vice versa. Using a data set consisting of 307 dyads between foreign subsidiaries and their parent companies, we find that two distinctive configurations positively affect the extent of knowledge transfer from foreign subsidiaries to their parent companies. The first is the combination of a high degree of subsidiary autonomy and the use of person-based mechanisms, and the second is the combination of low subsidiary autonomy and the use of electronic-based mechanisms. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7455 Files in this item: 1
smg wp 2008-16.pdf (766.3Kb) -
Rose, Caspar (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Laursen, Keld (Aalborg, 1996)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The paper explores firstly the impact of technological change on trade growth at the country level, using trade statistics and statistics on patenting activity in the US, across 20 countries for 17 manufacturing sectors. Secondly, using structural decomposition analysis, the paper examine whether the degree to which countries get access to sectors with above average growth in technological opportunity has any impact on growth in aggregate market shares of exports. The results demonstrate that there is a positive relationship between change in trade performance and change in technological capabilities across countries for 8 ‘technology intensive’ sectors over the period 1965-1988. It is also shown that there appear to be some (however weak) relationship between the degree to which countries get access to sectors with above average growth in technological opportunity and growth in aggregate market shares. However, there seems to be a much stronger positive relationship between growth rates in trade performance and the individual ‘national innovation system’s’ ability to actively move into technological sectors offering above average technological opportunity. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8122 Files in this item: 1
8778730120.pdf (137.3Kb) -
Laursen, Keld (Frederiksberg, 1996)[More information][Less information]
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Gammelgaard, Jens (, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Nielsen, Bo Bernhard; Nielsen, Sabina (, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Nationality diversity and international experience constitute two related yet distinct sources of competence among upper echelons. While both TMT international experience and nationality diversity increases the likelihood of firms expanding outside their home region, our results show that TMTs with international experience are more likely to expand abroad via greenfield investments, whereas nationally diverse TMTs are more likely to engage in international acquisitions and joint ventures. This highlights the need to treat TMT nationality diversity and international experience as two different characteristics influencing foreign entry mode decision. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7938 Files in this item: 1
SMG WP 2009-08.pdf (316.1Kb) -
Filges, Trine; Larsen, Birthe (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]