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An Organizational Economics Interpretation of the Rise and Decline of the Spaghetti OrganizationFoss, Nicolai Juul (København, 2000)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: At the beginning of the 1990s, Danish hearing aid producer, Oticon became world famous for its radical empowerment and delegation experiment, popularly called the "spaghetti organization." Recent work has interpreted the spaghetti experiment as a radical attempt to foster dynamic capabilities by imposing structural ambiguity on the organization (Lovas and Ghoshal 2000; Verona and Ravasi 1999; Ravasi and Verona 2000). However, this work has neglected that about a decade later, many of the more radical elements of the spaghetti organization have been left. This paper presents an organizational economics interpretation of the spaghetti organization and its subsequent transformation. In such an interpretation, the spaghetti organization imposed significant organizational costs that could be tolerated as long as the benefits produced by the spaghetti organization dominated the costs. One source of organizational costs that the paper focuses on turn on the potential contradiction involved in combining a strong manager who possesses ultimate decision rights with widespread delegation. Apparently, Oticon management failed to solve, or didn’t even realize the nature of, the resulting commitment problem. A number of implications are developed, particularly with respect to the firm-market dichotomy. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6887 Files in this item: 1
linkwp18.pdf (290.5Kb) -
A Note on the Oticon Spaghette ExperimentFoss, Nicolai J. (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Lovas and Ghoshal (2000) developed the notion of "strategy as guided evolution," using the case of Oticon A/S. This note points out that the radical "spaghetti" organization described by Lovas and Ghoshal has been partially abandoned in Oticon. Developing an organizational economics interpretation of this episode, the present note argues that there are important implications for the understanding of the conditions under which internal hybrids may be viable and contribute to competitive advantage. The main focus in on the managerial commitment problem. Testable propositions are derived. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6926 Files in this item: 1
linkwp01-3.pdf (179.3Kb) -
the case of IndiaPatibandla, Murali (København, 1999)[More information][Less information]
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An Organizational Trade-OffGammelgaard, Jens; Pedersen, Torben (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: When building up competences, a subsidiary of a multinational corporation (MNC) may rely on external knowledge sources like customers, suppliers, competitors or local science centers. Internal sourcing is also available through knowledge offered by headquarters or other affiliates. The question is whether the two kinds of sources are mutual exclusive. A dilemma or organizational trade-off is foreseeable, since the more the subsidiary adapts its knowledge creation processes to host country institutions, the less it will be able to utilize internal knowledge sources due to the institutional distance between the external and internal networks. However, newer organizational forms, like the concept of the "differentiated MNC", imply a relatively smooth flow of knowledge inside the MNC, indicating that we should not expect an organizational trade-off between internal and external sources. The subsidiary’s ability to build on two knowledge networks depends on its scale of resources, absorptive capacity and the role it plays in the corporation. The relationship between internal and external sourcing is tested using a unique dataset that covers more than 2,000 subsidiaries located in seven different European countries (the Centre of Excellence Project). In fact, the results show that, to a certain extent, there is no dilemma between a subsidiary’s knowledge development based on both internal, and external knowledge sources. However, the results also show a bell-shaped relationship between the use of internal and external sources, where a heavily embedded use of internal sources excludes the use of external sources. Keywords: Internal sourcing, External sourcing, Institutional Isomorphism and Subsidiary knowledge. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7315 Files in this item: 1
internal versus external.pdf (69.42Kb) -
Petersen, Bent; Welch, Lawrence S. (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Meyer, Klaus (København, 2000)[More information][Less information]
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the corporation, the agency, the anthropologist, and their friendsMoeran, Brian (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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Evidence from VietnamPham, Ha Thi Van (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The thesis revolves around the internationalization of Vietnamese firms - that is, how the international competitiveness of these firms is enhanced in terms of both upstream and downstream value chain activities and the export performance implications hereof. For Vietnamese firms, as well as for other firms from emerging markets, internationalization trajectories may differ considerably from the internationalization patterns portrayed in classical theories (such as the Uppsala Model) based on observations of the internationalization of firms from Western, developed market economies. Classical theories have primarily focused on firms’ marketing & sales and networking capabilities as levers of internationalization – and less on upstream capabilities, such as manufacturing and auxiliary service competencies. Likewise the situation in other emerging markets many Vietnamese firms are inserted in global value chains (GVCs) governed by multinational buyers. For these firms, manufacturing skills may be of equal - or greater - importance to export performance than the mastering of marketing & sales and networking in foreign markets. The thesis presents various theoretical perspectives on firms’ internationalization – perspectives that vary in terms of their focus on either upstream or downstream activities (or, the interrelationship of these two types of activities). The thesis tries to fill out the knowledge gap as to which of these theoretical perspectives fit best the trajectories of Vietnamese manufacturing firms involved in exports. In doing so, the thesis also draws on GVC models, entrepreneurial literature, and studies of economic as well as strategic export performance. Unique survey data covering 226 Vietnamese manufacturers involved in exporting was collected through face-to-face interviews conducted in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. On the basis of these data a set of hypotheses is tested using structural equation modelling as a statistical tool. The empirical study suggests that Vietnamese firms create international competitiveness in relation to both upstream and downstream activities. Furthermore, the study suggests that upstream competitiveness of the sample firms is significantly more attractive in terms of economic export performance (export sales, profitability and growth) than downstream competitiveness. However, when export performance is measured in more far-sighted, strategic terms, there are no significant differences between the two dimensions of competitiveness. The study also reveals some interesting industry differences: for firms in the “low-tech” textiles & garments industry, upstream competitiveness has greater impact on economic export performance than downstream competitiveness. Conversely, downstream competitiveness results in a higher economic return than upstream competitiveness for firms from the “high-tech” industries of electronics and mechanical manufactures In the last part of the thesis, theoretical, empirical, and managerial implications are discussed along with conclusions and suggestions for future research. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7934 Files in this item: 1
Ha_Thi_Van_Pham.pdf (3.762Mb) -
An empirical analysis of Economics and ManagementÓladóttir, Ásta Dis (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This dissertation consists of an introductory chapter, followed by four papers that approach the topic of internationalization of small economies and the multinational firm from different angles. The concluding chapter deals with what happened in Iceland after the crisis that started in October 2008 with the collapse of the Icelandic financial system and how the very fast internationalization of Icelandic firms was possible, but only as further issues that need to be researched. Each of the papers can be read individually as well as in the larger context of this dissertation. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7993 Files in this item: 1
Ásta_Dis_Óladóttir.pdf (2.005Mb) -
the case of Danish architectural firms on the german market in the 1990sSkaates, Maria Anne; Tikkanen, Henrikki; Alajoutsijärvi, Kimmo (København, 1999)[More information][Less information]
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gradual learning or discrete rational choicesPedersen, Torben (København, 1999)[More information][Less information]
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Yonatany, Moshe (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The aim of this study is elaborating the current understanding of a relatively new phenomenon: the internationalization process of digital service providers. It deploys a multiple case study methodology. Based on the case analyses and the discovery of new insights this study proposes a conceptual framework attempting at elaborating existing International Business theory. The analytical process of this study begins with explaining its context and developing definitions that are necessary for the purpose of data collection and case construction. Next, selected International Business theories and concepts are reviewed and contextualized propositions are developed. Following a detailed presentation of the case studies, the propositions are analyzed through per-case analyses. This analysis is coupled with a theory development exercise (which is presented in subsequent distinct sections). Here, unique findings of each case are analyzed in sequential per-case analyses in order to identify emerging patterns. Rudimentary concepts, which are grounded in the case findings, are proposed through the cross case analysis. In addition, the analysis of the propositions is summarized at this stage. Subsequently, a conceptual framework is proposed. To provide foundations for the framework, the proposed constructs are defined and explored more deeply, also through collecting additional data and integrating additional external literature. The conceptual framework is presented in the form of testable hypotheses. Finally, implications for International Business theory are drawn from the analyses and the conceptual framework. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8309 Files in this item: 1
Moshe_Yonatany_Abstrakt.pdf (871.1Kb) -
The 'Big Step' HypothesesPedersen, Torben; Shaver, J. Myles (København, 2000)[More information][Less information]
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An Empirical Analysis of Some Basic CharacteristicsKnudsen, Thorbjørn; Koed Madsen, Tage (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The label ‘International New Ventures’ has been used to designate firms, which from their inception are oriented towards the international market place. The present article aims to test empirically whether such a type of manufacturing firms differ from comparable firms with respect to some basic characteristics. The motivation for doing so is to evaluate the usefulness of studying International New Ventures as a distinct form of economic organization. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6891 Files in this item: 1
linkwp02-24.pdf (232.0Kb) -
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downstream entry and expansion via franchisingPetersen, Bent; Welch, Lawrence S. (København, 1999)[More information][Less information]
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A framework for analyzing innovation in the context of holiday package industryBudeanu, Adriana (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper has the starting point in the acknowledgement that a closer examination of the operational elements related to holiday packages may reveal advanced opportunities for advanced innovation. The investigation confirms that such opportunities exist in the intangible aspects of tourism products and production. Summarizing these findings, the paper proposes a framework that enables better insights into the nature of tourism innovation. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8545 Files in this item: 1
Budeanu_WP2_2012.pdf (53.29Kb) -
Some lessons from German FDI in HungaryDörrenbächer, Christoph (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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Redskab til kontrol eller udvikling af offentlige organisationer?Hansson, Finn (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Det er en gennemgående tese i denne undersøgelse af interne evalueringer, at en af de vigtigste kendetegn ved den New Public Management -dominerede udvikling af den offentlige sektors reguleringspolitik, som Danmark såvel som en række andre OECD lande har gennemlevet, er en omfattende brug af alle mulige former for evalueringer og tilsvarende vurderings- og kontrolsystemer til styring og regulering af offentlige institutioner og aktiviteter. Den overordnede samfundsmæssige baggrund for denne udvikling består af en sammenkædning af grundlæggende ændringer i forholdet mellem videnskab og samfund, udvikling af mere og mere komplekse reguleringssystemer og måske vigtigst, hastige ændringer i samfundenes værdigrundlag (individualisering, se Beck 1999) – alt sammenholdt med voksende økonomiske problemer for den offentlige sektor i en globaliseret økonomi. Et af de mest karakteristiske træk ved NPM i forhold til tidligere politiske strategier for udvikling af den offentlige sektor er den meget omfattende og i nogle sammen¬hænge systemati¬ske anvendelse af evalueringsmetoder, af refleksive kontrol og reguleringssystemer, det som Power (1997) sammenfattende betegner som ’the audit society’. Overgangen fra styring af offentlige institutioner og organisa¬tioner via generelle politiske målsætninger og økonomisk rammestyring til en moderniseringsproces, hvor udviklingen er styret af et quasi-marked i form af brugerefterspørgsel og resultaterne skal dokumen¬teres i form af produktbeskrivelser, kon¬trakter (con¬tract management) og opfyldelse af kvalitetsmål, har krævet ibrugtagning af en række metoder og teknikker til organisationsudvikling og styring af produkterne kvalitet, som tidligere kun yderst sjældent har været anvendt af offentlige institutioner og organisationer. Mens NPM strategien med privatisering og deregulering viste sig at have begrænset rækkevidde, så efterlod den en omfattende brug af evalueringer og dermed en arv, som i første omgang blot fremtrådte som et teknisk hjælperedskab i udvikling og omlægning af offentlige institutioner, den systematiske brug af evalueringer som kontrol og styringsredskab. Efter en periode viste det sig imidlertid at blive til noget, der er mere end et teknisk hjælpemiddel. Evalueringer er kommet for at blive og har i denne proces fået en langt mere og mere selvstændig rolle og funktion – de er ikke længere blot et redskab til justering og feedback – men fremstår mere og mere som den nye centrale metode for organisationsudvikling i store såvel som små offentlige organisationer. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6389 Files in this item: 1
wp6-2005.pdf (310.1Kb) -
Petersen, Bent; Welch, Lawrence S.; Liesch, Peter W. (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]