Browsing by Title
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Christensen, Bo T. (, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The in vivo research methodology holds promise to improve some of the limitations of typical design cognition methodologies. Whereas typical design cognition methodology use protocol a nalysis (utilizing special ‘think-aloud’ instructions and/or artificial settings) or retrospective analyses, in vivo research attempts to study design thinking and reasoning ‘live’ or ‘online’ as it takes place in the real world. No special instructions are used since the method relies on natural dialogue taking place between designers. By recording verbalizations at product development meetings (or other suitable objects of study), transcribing, and coding the data, it is possible to test hypotheses about design cognition in the real-world. This promises to improve the ecological validity over typical design cognition studies. Problems with the methodology include labor-intensiveness leading to small samples (possible sampling errors). To deal with this problem, it is recommended to supplement in vivo research with traditional larger sample laboratory studies. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7776 Files in this item: 1
Creative Encounters Working Papers 9.pdf (215.3Kb) -
Fredslund, Hanne; Strandgaard Pedersen, Jesper (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In recent years, intervention studies have become increasingly popular within occupational health psychology. The vast majority of such studies have focused on interventions themselves and their effects on the working environment and employee health and well-being. Few studies have focused on how the context and processes surrounding the intervention may have influenced the outcomes (Hurrell and Murphy, 1996). Thus, there is still relatively little published research that provides us with information on how to evaluate such strategies and processes (Saksvik, Nytrø, Dahl-Jørgensen, and Mikkelsen, 2002). This paper describes how organisation theory can be used to develop a method for identifying and analysing processes in relation to the implementation of work environment interventions. The reason for using organisation theory is twofold: 1) interventions are never implemented in a vacuum but in a specific organisational context (workplace) with certain characteristics, that the organisation theory can capture, 2) within the organisational sociological field there is a long tradition for studying organisational changes such as workplace interventions. In this paper process is defined as "individual, collective or management perceptions and actions in implementing any intervention and their influence on the overall result of the intervention" (Nytrø, Saksvik, Mikkelsen, Bohle, and Quinlan, 2000). Process evaluation can be used to a) provide feedback for improving interventions, b) interpret the outcomes of effect evaluation and c) replicate interventions in other settings minimising the number of pitfalls associated with a given intervention (Goldenhar et al., 2001). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6663 Files in this item: 1
11 process evaluation - method.pdf (72.32Kb) -
Low Resources Machine TranslationCarl, Michael; Maite, Melero; Badia, Toni; Vandeghinste, Vincent; Dirix, Peter; Schuurman, Ineke; Markantonatou, Stella; Sofianopoulos, Sokratis; Vassiliou, Marina; Yannoutsou, Olga (, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: METIS-II was a EU-FET MT project running from October 2004 to September 2007, which aimed at translating free text input without resorting to parallel corpora. The idea was to use ‘basic’ linguistic tools and representations and to link them with patterns and statistics from the monolingual target-language corpus. The METIS-II project has four partners, translating from their ‘home’ languages Greek, Dutch, German, and Spanish into English. The paper outlines the basic ideas of the project, their implementation, the resources used, and the results obtained. It also gives examples of how METIS-II has continued beyond its lifetime and the original scope of the project. On the basis of the results and experiences obtained, we believe that the approach is promising and offers the potential for development in various directions. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8037 Files in this item: 1
METIS-II.pdf (503.5Kb) -
Raffnsøe, Sverre; Gudmand-Høyer, Marius T. (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
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Determinants and MotivationsHobdari, Bersant; Sinani, Evis; Papanastassiou, Marina; Pearce, Robert (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Using a sample of 603 subsidiaries Chinese Multinational Corporations (MNCs) and 174 subsidiaries Indian MNCs, we explore the regional and industrial pattern of their direct investment strategies. Our analysis reveals several important facts. First, most of outward foeign direct investment (FDI) is directed in finance and real estate and services. Second, by far the majority of investment projects are carried out in the home region of Asia-Pacific. Third, outward FDI is highly concentrated geographically and the average investment project is relatively small. Fourth, establishment of subsidiaries is the most preferred way of carrying out FDI. Finally, firm-specific and location-specific characteristics are important drivers of FDI strategies. Last but not least, a large proportion of Chinese and Indian investments is conducted mainly within those countries themselves, revealing a strong multi- domestic character. Outward Foreign Direct Investment, Chinese Multinational Corporations, Indian Multinational Corporations, Market Seeking, Resource Seeking, Efficiency Seeking, Risk Diversification URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6548 Files in this item: 1
chinaindiainvestmentstrategies.pdf (266.2Kb) -
A Goal-Framing Perspective on the Drivers of Value CreationFoss, Nicolai J.; Lindenberg, Siegwart (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Scholars increasingly seek to proffer microfoundations for macro management theory, notably strategic management theory. These microfoundations naturally revolve around human resources. We argue that proper microfoundations for strategic management theory must recognize that the management of motivation is first and foremost a matter of the management of cognitions of organizational members, an insight that we found in goal-framing theory, an emerging perspective based on cognitive science, behavioral economics, and social psychology. Building on this insight, we argue that a key reason why strategic goals matter to firm performance──that is, firm-level value creation and value capture and sustained competitive heterogeneity──is that such goals influence value creation rooted in employee motivations. Unfolding this idea allows us to generate new insight in the relations between value creation, strategic leadership and strategic goals. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8668 Files in this item: 1
SMGWP2013_5.pdf (711.6Kb) -
Essays on Autonomous Strategic ActionLinder, Stefan Matthias (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Kun abstrakt er tilgængelig online for denne PhD afhandling. CBS Bibliotek har en trykt udgave der kan findes via CBS bibliotekskatalog. Only abstract of this Ph.D. thesis is available online. The CBS Library has a printed edition this edition can be found through the CBS Library Catalogue. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8356 Files in this item: 1
Stefan_Linder_PhD_abstract.pdf (31.84Kb) -
Individuals, Processes, and SturctureFelin, Teppo; Foss, Nicolai J.; Heimeriks, Koen H. (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We discuss the microfoundations of routines and capabilities, including why a microfoundations view is needed and how it may inform work on organizational and competitive heterogeneity. Building on extant research, we identify three primary categories of micro-level components underlying routines and capabilities: individuals, social processes, and structure and design. We discuss how these components, and their interactions, may affect routines and capabilities. In doing so, we outline a research agenda for advancing the field’s understanding of the microfoundations of routines and capabilities. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8401 Files in this item: 1
Teppo_Felin_SMG_WP_423.pdf (283.4Kb) -
Cross-national Transfer of Socially Responsible InvestmentBoxenbaum, Eva; Gond, Jean-Pascal (Frederiksberg, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper examines how individuals select and mobilize local institutions when they transfer business practices across societies that are construed as dissimilar to one another. We investigate empirically how the American business practice of socially responsible investment (SRI) was transferred to France and Quebec. Our analysis identifies five micro-strategies that were employed to contextualize SRI, namely filtering, rerouting, stowing, defusing, and coupling. This repertoire of micro-strategies extends previous research on contextualization, translation, and institutional transfers and links them to one another. They may also help explain why some transfers succeed while others fail. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7875 Files in this item: 1
DRUID_06_24.pdf (282.5Kb) -
Cognitive limitations and possibilities in managerial views on promoting gender equality in the IT sectorMathieu, Christopher John (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper examines how basic cognitive processes lead to the non-recognition of processes that lead to or sustain gender inequality in the Information technology sector. The paper is based on empirical research carried out in Sweden and Ireland from 2001-2004. The central thesis is that "delusions" about gender equality in the IT sector are sustained by positional factors (governing what one can see from a vantage point and what type of data one can, and one is encouraged to, gather and process); ideological factors (how information is "fit" into pre-existing frameworks to which one has political or organizational commitments) and more rudimentary processes of "optical socialization" (Zerubavel) and "good reasons for holding false beliefs" (Boudon). A series of "delusions" found in empirical research are described and analysed. The paper concludes by sketching out how such cognitive hindrances and barriers can be overcome within organizations, and how this could lead to a greater recognition of the processes facilitating or causing gender inequality in a branch that frequently sees itself as "gender neutral" as well as measures to actively promote gender equality. Keywords: gender inequality, Information Technology, management, delusions, cognition URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6692 Files in this item: 1
2005-03_cjm.pdf (132.9Kb) -
Keller, Katarina; Poutvaara, Panu; Wagener, Andres (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Economic theory predicts that military conscription is associated with static inefficiencies as well as with dynamic distortions of the accumulation of human and physical capital. Relative to an economy with an allvolunteer force, output levels and growth rates should be lower in countries that rely on a military draft to recruit their army personnel. For OECD countries, we show that military conscription indeed has a statistically significantly negative impact on economic performance. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7714 Files in this item: 1
dp 2008-10.pdf (234.9Kb) -
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En analyse af gevinster og omkostninger ved miljømærkningRahbek Pedersen, Esben; Neergaard, Peter; Andersen, Mette; Bech, Line; Olsson, Marie-Louise (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The overall objective of this project is to analyse how companies perceive the costs and benefits from environmental labelling. The project only covers two labels: - the Nordic ‘Swan’ and the European ‘Flower’. The majority of the companies have to high or some extent achieved their objectives regarding the labels. Moreover, most companies believe that environmental labelling improves image. One third of the companies state that the benefits from labelling exceed the costs they have encountered. However, more than half of the companies do not feel that they have gained important advantages from environmental labelling, e.g. from additional sales and earnings. With regards to the costs, environmental labelling does not necessitate high investments in new technology, recruitments, education etc. In other words, the cost barriers are in general small and most companies are able to defray the costs of environmental labelling. In conclusion, most companies have at least to some extent achieved their goals, whereas the economic impacts from environmental labelling have so far been limited. This does not necessarily imply that environmental labelling is without importance. On the contrary, environmental labels hold a number of potentials that make them attractive to companies. However, the prospects of environmental labelling depend on the values, attitudes and behaviour of all relevant stakeholders. Based on the results from the project, we have listed a number of recommendations for the companies, the customers and the administrators, which might stimulate the future development of environmentally labelled goods and services: * Companies. Even though companies in general do not experience substantial advantages from environmental labelling, the labels might have a number of indirect effects, which might increase the companies’ competitiveness in the long run. For instance, environmental labelling might improve the companies’ image and serve as a door opener for Side 5 Miljømærker og effekter new markets. Furthermore, the costs of environmental labelling are very limited. However, companies also have to realise that environmental labelling is not a panacea, which automatically generates a number of positive impacts. * Customers. It is often concluded that customers care about the environment and are willing to pay a price premium for environmentalfriendly goods and services. However, this is not always the case. The results indicate that the customers’ actual purchasing behaviour is not necessarily in accordance with ‘green’ purchasing policies. For instance, a number of companies have experienced that the public procurement practises are inconsistent with formal policies. Realising that the public sector is the driver of environmental labelling much has to be done in order to improve the public procurement: - e.g. through education, campaigns and political action. * Administrators. In general, companies are not pleased with the fee structure of the labelling schemes. They think it would be fairer to impose the fees on the companies who do not produce eco-labelled products. Moreover, when eco-labels in general do not increase profit of products and services, the fees inevitable become an impediment to the future growth of environmental labelling. In general, there is a need to align the fee structure as well as the administrative procedures to the actual costs and advantages of environmental labelling. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6288 Files in this item: 1
wp2004-04.pdf (684.3Kb) -
Marker-Larsen, Svend (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
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Karin; Jesper ()[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Managers’ mindset about the sustainability construct and its triggers is the topic dealt with in the paper. The interviewed managers are all working in companies expressing a commitment on sustainability in their external communication. However, our findings reveal that their commitment is pursued from different business models, visions and ideas about the sustainability construct. We found that sustainability is not triggered, approached and practiced in accordance with one overall mindset. Four interrelated mindsets emerged - due to that sustainability is a learning process and thus formed and developed over time. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8321 Files in this item: 1
28_04_XXII_ISPIM.pdf (105.2Kb) -
Sensegiving and wind power developmentRisberg, Annette; Corvellec, Herve (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This article intends to contribute to the conceptualising of organisational sensegiving. Based upon a qualitative analysis of how Swedish wind farm developers manage the permit application process for their projects, we describe in a first order analysis how they contextualise and ontologise their projects and defend them against criticisms. To emphasise the precarious conditions of agency that govern the activity of sensegivers, we introduce in a second order analysis the notion of mise-en-sens, a neologism that borrows both from the performing sens art notion of mise-en-scene and the fact that ‘sens’ can in French mean both meaning and direction. Mise-en-sens underscores that stage-setting and direction providing are key activities of wind farm developers. In our concluding remarks we even suggest that mise-en-sens could serve to describe the activity of others involved in sensegiving, for example project managers or entrepreneurs. Keywords: Mise-en-sens, sensegiving, wind power, infrastructure development URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7030 Files in this item: 1
mis en sens gri rapport.pdf (287.0Kb) -
The Case of the Knowledge EconomyFoss, Nicolai J. (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: I critically discuss a number of recent and increasingly influential claims about economic organization in the "knowledge economy." The relevant claims are that traditional authority relations will tend to disappear, the boundaries of the firm will blur, and coordination mechanisms will be very malleable (resulting in various "new organizational forms"). In order to get an analytical focus on the knowledge economy, I assume that it may be approximated by "Hayekian settings" (after Hayek 1945), that is, settings in which knowledge is distributed and where knowledge inputs are relatively more important in production than physical capital inputs. I then argue, drawing on organizational economics as well as Mises’ insights in property rights and comparative systems, that the presence of Hayekian settings does not mean that authority will disappear, etc. Thus, Misesian insights help to resurrect the Coasian firm against attacks inspired by Hayek’s writings on knowledge. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6869 Files in this item: 1
linkwp01-19.pdf (216.4Kb) -
Meglio, Olimpia; Risberg, Annette (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper seeks to provide a different explanation to the claimed inconsistency in M&A performance research findings. While many M&A scholars contend that the problem lies in the variety of M&A performance measures, we believe that the reason for multiple ways to measure performance is that performance, like most organizational constructs, lacks universality. The variety of measures reflects the variety of the scholars’ constructions of performance and of the measurement techniques adopted. The problem is not the variety of measure, but the comparison of different measures as if they were measuring the same feature of the organization. This could be a reason for the claimed inconsistency in M&A research findings. In this article, we therefore aim at answering “How do M&A scholars measure M&A performance”? To achieve this end we conduct a systematic literature review of empirical M&A research to understand how M&A scholars measure the M&A performance construct and how they construct this measure. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8068 Files in this item: 1
WP01_AnnetteRisberg_MA_performance.pdf (243.0Kb) -
Schneider, Cedric (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper analyzes the effects of mixed public-private R&D incentives and empirically tests whether patents that were publicly sponsored are more important than non-subsidized ones. Blending patents and public subsidies will allow the funding agency to subsidize inventions that would otherwise not elicit investment because the private incentive will not fully cover the cost of the invention. Thus, the policy maker will only subsidize inventions that have a high social value. The empirical analysis shows that subsidized inventions result in more important patents, as measured by the number of forward citations. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7662 Files in this item: 1
wp6-2008.pdf (150.8Kb) -
subsidiary technology embeddedness and performanceAndersson, Ulf; Forsgren, Mats; Pedersen, Torben (København, 1999)[More information][Less information]