Browsing by Title
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Lange, Dr. Bastian (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The paper aims at discussing the issue of governance in respect to creative scenes, a central structural element of the creative economy, exemplifying the case of Berlin. Berlin has a fast growing creative industry that has become the object of the city’s development policies and place marketing. The core question is: What are the spatial-organizational driving forces of creativity in Berlin - can they be steered by public administration? I am using Berlin as a reference case to articulate the gap between ‘state-led planning’ on the one hand and the organisational practices of self-governed creative scenes on the other. I attempt to demonstrate why a perspective change in terms of re-scaling is necessary, in order to respond to the particular practices of emerging industries and their societal form “scenes”. By re-scaling I mean the conceptualization of governance in different non-hierarchical organisational as well as spatial scales, based on the observation that scenes are considered to be a central element of the functionality of creative industries. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7981 Files in this item: 1
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Skov, Lise; Melchior, Marie Riegels (, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Dress and fashion are rich and varied fields of study. Some scholars refer to them as ‘hybrid subjects’ because they bring together different conceptual frameworks and disciplinary approaches, including those from anthropology, art history, cultural studies, design studies, economics, history, literature, semiotics, sociology, visual culture and business studies. Invariably, such a pervasive phenomenon as dress has always been the subject of much commentary. Since the late 19th century, there has been no scarcity of research, but studies have been somewhat sporadic and tended to stay within these bounds of their own disciplines. From the 1960s to the 1990s, the leading educational institutions with words like dress and fashion in their titles, were, firstly, design schools and technical training institutions, servicing the industry, and secondly, institutes devoted to the study of dress history, directed as museums. It was only in the last decades of the 20th century that various approaches were integrated across disciplines and institutions so that it became possible to talk about something like ‘fashion studies’, reflected by the emergence of research centres, academic journals and graduate programmes with such heading. However, both the term, and what it is perceived to represent, is contested; while some scholars and institutions endorse ‘fashion studies’, others reject it or distance themselves from it. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7766 Files in this item: 1
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A possible co-existence in the universities?Hansson, Finn (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The paper will address the role of the recent implementation of systems of research evaluation in universities. The role of classic quality control system, the peer review, is to produce the most trustworthy knowledge and at the same time function as a learning system in a peer-to-peer learning process based on the norms of science. Scientific work was and to a large degree still is organized as a craft guild with an apprenticeship kind of training function for young scientists, who tacitly have accepted the authoritative hierarchical system normally associated with organizations one or two centuries ago. Recent studies of knowledge creation and learning in organizational learning theory have demonstrated the complexity of the process of knowledge in organizations. But in the university the very accidental and random model for learning is still state of the art, leaving the important learning decisions in relation to knowledge and learning to the individual scientist and not to the organization, the research group or the university. These individualized and unorganized learning systems are at the same time confronted with a much more systematically organized system of research evaluation. The basic question is what will become of the classic internal and tacit modes of learning science by day to day training of young scientists, when new models of research evaluation introduces new forms of governance in universities as a response to policy demands. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6395 Files in this item: 1
wp19-2005.pdf (153.6Kb) -
Some Conceptual and Multi-level IssuesFoss, Nicolai J.; Nielsen, Bo B. (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8161 Files in this item: 1
CBS_Forskningsindberetning_SMG_258.pdf (368.7Kb) -
Some Conceptual and Multi-level IssuesFoss, Nicolai J.; Nielsen, Bo B. (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8162 Files in this item: 1
CBS_Forskningsindberetning_SMG_258.pdf (372.7Kb) -
Individuals, Teams and Research Infrastructure in the European UnionFoss, Kirsten; Foss, Nicolai (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This report maps research in institutional economics in management science in the European Union for the 1995 to 2002 period. The reports applies Internet search based on a university listing, search on journal databases, key informants and an internet-based survey. 195 researchers are identified. In (sub-)disciplinary terms, organization, strategy, corporate governance, and international business are the major areas of application of institutional economics ideas. In terms of countries, the EU strongholds are Holland, Denmark, UK, and Germany. There is apparently no or very little relevant research in Ireland, Portugal, Luxembourg and Greece. Based on the findings of the report, it seems warranted to characterize the EU research effort in the field as being rather dispersed and uncoordinated. Thus, there are no specialized journals, associations or PhD courses. This state of affairs is partly explainable by the highly pragmatic way in which research in management science is typically conducted (so that institutional economics approaches are likely to be merely one type of input among many). Keywords Institutional economics, management science, European union. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7278 Files in this item: 1
wp03-03.pdf (1.012Mb) -
Are we witnessing an enchantment?Larsen, Bøje; Aagaard, Peter (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The classical ideals of science can be seen as an example of the drive towards rationalisation in modern capitalistic societies. It is a specialized activity, based on sine ira et studio, modernism and a production orientation. Based on a case - the Holistic Learning Centre [name changed] situated in Copenhagen - we argue that a post-rational form of research activity is emerging which revert these features. We term this new type of research "enchanted research", "sciencetainment" and "Mode2-b research". The factors that facilitate this development include the boring style of conventional research, growing competition for research funds, more project funding compared to institutional funding and a demand for accountability. Countervailing forces also exist, however. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6766 Files in this item: 1
060901-bl 3. wp om enchantment.pdf (116.6Kb) -
Effects on Performance in Danish and Swedish BiotechnologyValentin, Finn; Dahlgren, Henrich; Lund Jensen, Rasmus (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Although biotech start-ups fail or succeed based on their research few attempts have been made to examine if and how they strategize in this core of their activity. Popular views on Dedicated Biotech Firms (DBFs) see the inherent uncertainty of research as defying notions of strategizing, directing instead the attention to the quality of their science, or the roles of boards, management, and collaborative networks etc. Using a unique comprehensive dataset on Danish and Swedish biotech start-ups in drug discovery this paper analyzes their research strategies. Adopting a Simonean point of departure we develop a contingency view on complex problem solving which structures the argument into three steps: 1) Characterising the problem architectures addressed by different types of DBFs; 2) Testing and confirming that DBFs form requisite research strategies, by which we refer to problem solving approaches developed as congruent responses to problem architectures; 3) Testing and confirming that financial valuation of firms is driven by achievements conforming to requisite research strategies. These strategies, in turn, require careful combination of multiple dimensions of research. Findings demonstrate that Shonhoovens classical argument that "strategy matters" is valid not only for the larger high-tech firms covered by her study, but also for small research-based start-ups operating at the very well springs of knowledge where science directly interacts with technologies. Even though a lot more research is needed along these lines, these findings offer new implications for the understanding, management, and financing of these firms. JEL Codes: L25, L65, O32 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7214 Files in this item: 1
wp06-11.pdf (254.6Kb) -
Effects on Performance in Danish and Swedish BiotechnologyLund Jensen, Rasmus; Dahlgren, Henrich; Valentin, Finn (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Although biotech start-ups fail or succeed based on their research few attempts have been made to examine if and how they strategize in this core of their activity. Popular views on Dedicated Biotech Firms (DBFs) see the inherent uncertainty of research as defying notions of strategizing, directing instead the attention to the quality of their science, or the roles of boards, management, and collaborative networks etc. Using a unique comprehensive dataset on Danish and Swedish biotech start-ups in drug discovery this paper analyzes their research strategies. Adopting a Simonean point of departure we develop a contingency view on complex problem solving which structures the argument into three steps: 1. Characterising the problem architectures addressed by different types of DBFs; 2. Testing and confirming that DBFs form requisite research strategies, by which we refer to problem solving approaches developed as congruent responses to problem architectures; 3. Testing and confirming that financial valuation of firms is driven by achievements conforming to requisite research strategies. These strategies, in turn, require careful combination of multiple dimensions of research. Findings demonstrate that Shonhoovens classical argument that "strategy matters” is valid not only for the larger high-tech firms covered by her study, but also for small research-based start-ups operating at the very well springs of knowledge where science directly interacts with technologies. Even though a lot more re-search is needed along 3 these lines, these findings offer new implications for the understanding, management, and financing of these firms. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6769 Files in this item: 1
wp02-2006.pdf (167.5Kb) -
Effects on Performance in Danish and Swedish Biotechnology ByValentin, Finn; Dahlgren, Henrich; Lund Jensen, Rasmus (Frederiksberg, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Although biotech start-ups fail or succeed based on their research few attempts have been made to examine if and how they strategize in this core of their activity. Popular views on Dedicated Biotech Firms (DBFs) see the inherent uncertainty of research as defying notions of strategizing, directing instead the attention to the quality of their science, or the roles of boards, management, and collaborative networks etc. Using a unique comprehensive dataset on Danish and Swedish biotech start-ups in drug discovery this paper analyzes their research strategies. Adopting a Simonean point of departure we develop a contingency view on complex problem solving which structures the argument into three steps: 1) Characterising the problem architectures addressed by different types of DBFs; 2) Testing and confirming that DBFs form requisite research strategies, by which we refer to problem solving approaches developed as congruent responses to problem architectures; 3) Testing and confirming that financial valuation of firms is driven by achievements conforming to requisite research strategies. These strategies, in turn, require careful combination of multiple dimensions of research. Findings demonstrate that Shonhoovens classical argument that “strategy matters” is valid not only for the larger high-tech firms covered by her study, but also for small research-based start-ups operating at the very well springs of knowledge where science directly interacts with technologies. Even though a lot more research is needed along these lines, these findings offer new implications for the understanding, management, and financing of these firms. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7879 Files in this item: 1
DRUID_06_11.pdf (254.6Kb) -
Seabrooke, Leonard (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Since the Asian financial crisis of 1997-1998 the International Monetary Fund (the Fund) has been embroiled in an international crisis of legitimacy. Assertions of a crisis are premised on the notions that the Fund’s voting system is unfair, and that the Fund enforces homogenous policies onto borrowing member states and that loan programs tend to fail. Seen this way, poor institutional and policy design has led to a loss of legitimacy. But institutionalised inequalities or policy failure is not in itself sufficient to constitute an international crisis of legitimacy. This article provides a conceptually-driven discussion of the sources of the Fund’s international crisis of legitimacy by investigating how its formal "foreground" institutional relations with its member states have become strained, and how informal "background" political and economic relationships are expanding in a way that the Fund will find difficult to re-legitimate. The difference between the Fund's claims to legitimacy and how its member states, especially borrowers, act has led to the creation of a "legitimacy gap" that is difficult to close. However, identifying the sources of the Fund's international crisis of legitimacy allows us to explore what avenues are available to resolve the crisis. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7321 Files in this item: 1
wp35_imf_ls.pdf (172.3Kb) -
strategy, R&D and the management of technologyHusted, Kenneth; Frøslev Christensen, Jens (København, 1999)[More information][Less information]
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An Assessment and Diagnosis of ProblemsFoss, Nicolai J. (Frederiksberg, 1997)[More information][Less information]
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An Assessment and Diagnosis of ProblemsJ. Foss, Nicolai (København, 1997)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The resource-based approach to strategy, which reaches back to the contributions of Penrose, Selznick and Chandler, has gradually become the dominant perspective in strategy (content) research, arguably because it combines realism with relative rigour. The present paper presents the main themes of the contemporary version of the resource-based perspective (Wernerfelt, Rumelt, Barney....) and diagnoses a number of problems, such as the lack of a clear terminology, unclarity as to what really is the unit of analysis, the role of the environment, and the seemingly different versions that exist of the perspective. The perhaps deepest problem, however, is the lack of theorizing with respect to the creation of new resources, which tends to give the perspective a retrospective character and makes its application to managerial practice. It is suggested that resource-based scholars may draw upon work relating to real options, complementarities and organizational learning if they wish to remedy this deficiency. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8117 Files in this item: 1
8778730198.pdf (167.9Kb) -
towards a sustainable explanation of competitive advantageFoss, Nicolai Juul; Knudsen, Thorbjørn (København, 2000)[More information][Less information]
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within mode changes and mode additionsPetersen, Bent; Welch, Lawrence S.; Nielsen, Kim V. (København, 1999)[More information][Less information]
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How the Economics of Property Rights Furthers the Resource-based ViewFoss, Kirsten; Foss, Nicolai J. (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Abstract The economics of property rights furthers the resource-based view in a number of ways. Resource analysis is refined by conceptualizing resources as composed of multiple attributes to which property rights may be held. A resource owner’s ability to create, appropriate and sustain value from resources depends on the property rights that she holds to those resources and on the transaction costs of exchanging, defining and protecting the relevant property rights. While transaction costs are major sources of value dissipation, value may be created by reducing such dissipation. Implications for the RBV analysis of sustained competitive advantage are derived. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7297 Files in this item: 1
ckg-wp202004-09.pdf (318.9Kb) -
[More information][Less information]
Abstract: It has been argued that “… trade adjustment in East Asia…will be rapid and sizable, lifting aggregate growth in these economies even as the domestic non-tradable sectors continue to suffer a decline (as in Mexico)” (World Bank, 1998, p.5). Much hope has been pinned on the electronics industry to come through with rapid growth through expanding exports. Two arguments appear to bolster such an expectation: the severity of the region´s currency depreciations has lowered the cost of much of its electronics supply base relative to its competitors; and the electronics industry´s proven track record as an engine of export-led growth shows that it can be quickly started and accelerated in response to changes in the market. However, no export boom in electronics has (as yet) materialized. The paper analyzes what explains this puzzle. We first introduce a taxonomy of East Asia´s electronics firms and market segments to distinguish different capacities to ride out the crisis. We then discuss three barriers to an East Asian export boom in electronics: i) supply-side constraints that result from limited access to trade finance, and from the cost-increasing impact of local currency depreciations in highly import-dependent countries; ii) demand-related constraints, resulting from deteriorating growth perspectives in East Asia´s electronics export markets; and iii) deflationary pricing pressures, resulting from a narrow specialization in high-tech commodities that are characterized by periodic surplus capacity and price wars. Combined, these barriers have produced a vicious circle: once exports increase, net volume gains are likely to be offset by pricing losses. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8091 Files in this item: 1
x644977697.pdf (101.1Kb) -
Refashioning luxury goods through co-creationWolny, Julia; Hansen, Rina (Geneva, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Sustainable fashion in all its guises, has been the preoccupation of many a recent campaign, article, research and initiative. Not only is the industry increasingly aware of the need to cut its environmental impact, but also consumers and consumer organisations are putting pressures on various parts of the supply chain to comply with environmental and ethical practices. Yet, from a management perspective, the economic impact of these demands can lead to conflicting priorities. In particular, the basic marketing concept of product lifecycle indicates the product’s gradual diminishing monetary returns through time. In this paper we will be analysing a case of a refashioning of products that are either obsolete or unsalable and making a commercially viable collection. In 2008 MCM collaborated with the London College of Fashion to reuse, recycle and redesign a number of end-of-line, dated handbags into new objects of desire with a new lifecycle. This case will form a basis of analysing the validity of such a product re-development tactic for other luxury brands. The paper will provides a blueprint for future re-fashioning initiatives by reflecting on the value inherent in the process for both users and firms alike. The paper contributes to the understanding of recycling and sustainable fashion from a theoretical perspective that links together the product lifecycle, co-creation and value creation theories. The main theoretical implication of the work concerns the framing of recycling and refashioning with the context of those linked concepts.According to this contribution, refashioning can enable value creation from obsolete products, especially if a co-design with consumers or users forms part of the proposition. On the managerial side, this study recognisees the economic drivers of business and highlights the commercial, not only environmental and societal benefits of recycling within the luxury sector. The recycled products stand in direct opposition to counterfeiting, which is evident in the uniqueness for refashioned products leading to the development of new objects of desire. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8525 Files in this item: 1
Rina_Hansen_2011_6.pdf (213.1Kb) -
Med særligt henblik på grønlandske forholdLund, Lars (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Resource rents and models for taxation of these rents. Some references to the situation for Greenland. After a general introduction to the concept of rents the risk of distortion by double taxation of the normal capital income to investment is explained. Cash flow taxation or deduction in the tax base of investment times the risk free interest rate can be used to avoid this double taxation. Among other instruments to secure a part of rents for the public sector are direct participation and selling rights to exploit the resources by auction. The greater part of the paper is about taxation of rents in fisheries. The regulation is assumed to be based on professional advising and individual transferable quotas. Duties on the quota or a general cost increasing tariff, e. g. on fuel, are administratively simple models for taxation. Cost increasing indirect taxation has the good quality of incentive compatibility, as it supports the effort reducing aim of regulation. A concrete example illustrates a possible taxation of the prawn/shrimp fishery combining a duty on the quota with a tariff levied on the catch. Some comment are given on a recent report on the shrimp fishery (2005), and it is criticised for highlighting the theoretical qualities of Greenland’s fisheries policy, but neglecting the regulation and also to which extent incomes derived from quotas end up as income for Greenlandic households. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7559 Files in this item: 1
wp1-2007_rev.pdf (305.6Kb)