Browsing by Title
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Analyzing the consistency of EPO's ruling on novelty and inventive step in emerging industriesBurke, Paul F.; Reitzig, Markus (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The increasing number of patent applications worldwide and the extension of patenting to the areas of software and business methods have triggered a debate on "patent quality". While patent quality may have various dimensions, this paper argues that consistency in the decision making on the side of the patent office is one important dimension, particularly in new patenting areas (emerging technologies). In order to understand whether patent offices appear capable of providing consistent assessments of a patent's technological quality in such novel industries from the beginning, we study the concordance of the European Patent Office's (EPO's) granting and opoposition decisions for individual patents. We use the historical example of biotech patens filed between 1978 until 1986, the early stage of the industry. Our results indicate that the EPO shows systematically different assessments of technological quality during the granting and the opposition phase. The inconsistency is likely not entirely attributable to additional information revealed after the grant date. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6778 Files in this item: 1
wp01-2006.pdf (266.9Kb) -
Davis, Lee (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Do Patents "Crowd Out” Prizes?Davis, Jerome; Davis, Lee (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Debate over the merits of patents versus inducement prizes has tended to ignore the signaling roles of patents, and totally ignores the impact of patent signaling on prize contests. This paper asks: How does patent signaling affect the strategic choices of firms considering entering prize contests? First, we consider contests that do not allow patenting, then contests that do. If patenting is not allowed, we argue, patent-holders, both internal and external to the contest, can adversely impact prize contests by claiming prize winner violation of their patents, and suing for damages. The likelihood of such challenges being made can deter entry, particularly in contests requiring large sunk costs. Furthermore, the firm's decisionmaking process will discriminate against entering prize contests and favor R&D projects with patentable outcomes. Together, these problems may circumscribe any future wider role for prize contests, and limit their major putative welfare advantage: the ability to place prize winning solutions into the public domain. In contests where entrants may patent their inventions, entry is subject to basically the same problems as above (although such contests may carry some advantages as regards contest design). Our overall conclusion is that prize contests are liable to fail due to the lack of potential entrants, particularly as regards entry on the part of larger commercial firms. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7204 Files in this item: 1
ipr-w_12-davisdavis-mai03-1.pdf (332.8Kb) -
Sommerlund, Julie (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
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Zinck Pedersen, Kirstine (, 2008)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8194 Files in this item: 1
Patientens_politiske_diskurs.pdf (424.8Kb) -
A Comparative Analysis of China and IndiaPatibandla, Murali (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Qualitative information and data show significant differences in the magnitude and type of foreign direct investment inflows among developing economies. Explanation of the differences requires analysis of market institutional factors as well as the supply and demand side conditions. This paper adopts the approach that different configurations of supply, demand and market institutional factors explain the type of investment flows into developing economies. The argument is illustrated through a comparative study of China and India. Key Words: Developing Economies; Foreign Direct Investment; China, and India JEL Classification: F23, P52 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6524 Files in this item: 1
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an explorationPatibandla, Murali (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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Assessing network structures within container shipping industryProckl, Günter; Kotzab, Herbert; Kinra, Aseem (frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Purpose - Container shipping, due to its boundary crossing nature, is generally seen as an international business. A first look into the physical networks of the industry has shown that container-shipping companies operate however rather differently, with different motives for internationalization, and infact show different patterns to their international development. However, there are other important transactional and market-oriented considerations, and overall dynamics that need to be examined before concluding on the internationalization levels of container shipping companies, and the industry. The purpose of this paper is to further investigate the patterns of internationalisation by the examination of the more demand-oriented considerations. Design/methodology/approach - In order to answer the research question, the paper focusses on the examination of the front-end activities and structures like sales office networks and the overall extent of market presence. For this the fundamental sales networks of the companies were considered as a key indicator, and the port networks of the 20 largest container-shipping companies in the world (by TEU capacity) were analyzed. Findings - The resulting data set allows an examination on each company’s overall network at various geographic levels, and a direct comparison of the networks of the companies. It shows that not all shipping companies are highly international. It also shows that market share and total capacity are not necessarily a good indicator for the worldwide presence of a company. Research limitations/implications (if applicable) - The paper adds yet another piece to the interesting puzzle on internationalization patterns of container shipping companies. However, for a complete picture on the internationalization process further work will be required that is based e.g. on the development pattern of single companies and that may also take more the dynamic aspects and comparisons into account. Practical implications - Preceeding work provides insights that are directed towards the port networks and thus toward the more back office oriented resource architecture and the more geographical aspect of physical coverage. By reorganising the focus on the sales network of the single container shipping companies, this paper presents findings that are also applicable to the front end, towards the customer, The comparison of both views is promising interesting insights such as ownership structures and entry modes along with the specific location commitment as a basis for strategic considerations. Originality/value – In the academic literature there is not much to find on the internationalization process and the dominating internationalisation patterns related to container shipping. The paper makes an important contribution in this regard by considering the different aspects of the international shipping networks and by bringing these closer to extant frameworks on internationalization. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8812 Files in this item: 1
Prockl_2.pdf (913.0Kb) -
Bucciol, Alessandro; Foss, Nicolai J.; Piovesan, Marco (www, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Extant research offers conflicting predictions about the effect of pay dispersion on team performance. We collected a unique dataset from the Italian soccer league to study the effect of intra-firm pay dispersion on team performance, under different definitions of what constitutes a ‘‘team’’. This peculiarity of our dataset can explain the conflicting evidence. Indeed, we also find positive, null, and negative effects of pay dispersion on team performance, using the same data but different definitions of team. Our results show that when the team is considered to consist of only the members who directly contribute to the outcome, high pay dispersion has a detrimental impact on team performance. Enlarging the definition of the team causes this effect to disappear or even change direction. Finally, we find that the detrimental effect of pay dispersion is due to worse individual performance, rather than a reduction of team cooperation. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9072 Files in this item: 1
Bucciol_Foss_Piovesan_PlosOne2014.pdf (978.1Kb) -
who should compensate who?Astrup Jensen, Bjarne; Sørensen, Carsten (København, 2000)[More information][Less information]
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Åkerstrøm Andersen, Niels (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
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kvalitetsbedømmelse af forskning, når vilkårene for vidensproduktion forandresHansson, Finn (København, 2000)[More information][Less information]
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Bhatti, Jonas Aziz; Møller, Michael (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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En systemteoretisk analyse af offentlig meningsdannelseVallentin, Steen (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: .."the thesis tries to show how – with the appearance of the themes ethics and democracy – new conditions have evolved for the administration of the Danish pension fund investments. It should be emphasized that the thesis not only aims to provide a description of the Danish debate about ethical investments; it makes a separate contribution to systems theory. This contribution consists in a general presentation of Luhmann’s theory (chapter 2) followed by discussions of Luhmann’s concepts of risk (chapter 3), morality and ethics (chapter 4) and public and public opinion (chapter 5). In theoretical terms the contribution of the thesis lies in showing how Luhmann’s systems theory can be used to describe and analyze public opinion formation in general and the debate about the Danish pension fund investments in particular. The thesis focuses on Danish developments but international developments are not ignored. To put Danish developments into perspective, a part of chapter 1 focuses on developments surrounding ethical – or socially responsible – investments in the US and the UK. Matters of definition, historical developments and praxis forms are presented and lead up to an overview of key events in the domestic debate. It is argued that the Danish debate – unlike the very individualistic anglo-saxon debate – has focused on collective matters. The debate has focused on institutions which make investment decisions on behalf of many – often hundreds of thousands of – people, institutions which do not operate in a free market setting. A brief description of Danish developments is followed by a summary of and further reflexions upon the analytical arguments of the thesis. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7131 Files in this item: 1
steen_vallentin.pdf (2.310Mb) -
An Industry PerspectiveAndersen, Torben Juul (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Multinational enterprise in control of dispersed overseas resources and capabilities has been linked to strategic flexibility that allows the firm to take advantage of opportunities and manage exposures imposed by changing environmental conditions. This paper analyzes the implied performance and risk management effects in a comprehensive sample of public firms and finds supportive evidence for the proposition that multinationality can enhance performance across industries. However, the ability to exploit upside potential and avoid downside risk is industry specific. The positive effects of multinationality are found particularly pronounced among firms operating in knowledge intensive service industries while firms in capital-intensive primary industries display the inverse relationships. Keywords: Strategic flexibility, Real options, Risk management URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7473 Files in this item: 1
cbs forskningsindberetning smg 30.pdf (479.6Kb) -
Gammelgaard, Jens; McDonald, Frank; Stephan, Andreas; Tüselmann, Heinz; Dörrenbächer, Christoph (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The paper investigates the consequences of interactions between autonomy, intra and inter-organizational networks for the performance of subsidiaries. Furthermore, the paper analyzes the impact of changes in autonomy and network relationships rather than investigating levels. This introduces the concept of adjustment of subsidiary strategies to changes in the international and host country business environment. Based on a survey of 350 foreign owned subsidiaries located in the UK, Germany and Denmark, we find evidence that increases in the inter-organizational network relationships of subsidiaries lead to increased subsidiary performance. Further, increased subsidiary autonomy positively affects subsidiary inter-organizational network relationships, and to some degree negatively affects intra-organizational network relationships. Finally, overlapping effects between inter- and intra-organizational network relationships are found. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8970 Files in this item: 1
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Kumar, Vikas; Pedersen, Torben; Zattoni, Alessandro (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Manuscript Type: Empirical Research Question/Issue: Institutional and transaction costs theories highlight the idea that group affiliated firms outperform unaffiliated firms in emerging economies. The persistence of superior performance for group affiliated firms is, however, questioned by the fast and recent development of markets and institutions in these countries. In this article, we explore this link between firm performance and the evolution of institutional environment. Research Findings/Insights: The setting of the empirical investigation is India in the postreform era (post 1990). We test for effects of business group affiliation on firm performance over a 17 year time period from 1990 to 2006. Our findings show that (i) the performance benefits of group affiliation erode with the evolution of the institutional environment; (ii) older affiliated firms are better able to cope with institutional transition than younger affiliated firms; (iii) service-sector affiliated firms are better able to cope with institutional transition than manufacturing-sector affiliated firms. Theoretical/Academic Implications: Our findings both support the institution- and transaction costs-based theory of business groups, and extends it by incorporating a dynamic and longitudinal component. They also demonstrate – in line with recent works - that the benefits of group membership differ for different types of member firms. Practitioner/Policy Implications: The article has implications for both managers and policy makers. Managers of business groups should timely adapt their strategy to the evolution of the institutional environment. Policy makers should, instead, devote attention to the consequences of their policies because they may undermine the efficiency of large national companies. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7430 Files in this item: 1
smg wp 2008-25.pdf (191.1Kb) -
An Empirical Analysis of the Organisational Structure and Performance of 1900 Danish FirmsSkov Kristensen, Frank (København, 1997)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Among some scholars of management, organisation and also economists as well as policy makers it is argued that certain new forms of firm organisation such as flexible and learning organisations increasingly are becoming “best practice”, in an increasingly learning and global economy. On a policy level, in eg. Denmark and OECD, questions are already asked as to how policies should be set up to stimulate such organisational forms. A crucial aspect that is recognised by some scholars, is that it is in certain competitive structures where flexible and learning organisations are well suited, though tends to be overlooked within the debate. The analysis in this paper applies performance data from Statistics Denmark merged with survey data of organisational forms, management, work practices and employee skills collected through a questionnaire in 1900 Danish firms in manufacturing as well as services. Applying regression analyses we show that the flexible or learning organisational forms in some parts of the economy, characterised by innovation turbulence and cumulativeness, are best performers though not in general. We argue that a quantitative analysis as ours is vital to both avoid idiosyncratic generalisations among scholars as well as policy makers, and to give rigid and more detailed implications for policy regarding firm organisation, both at present and in a dynamic setting. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8111 Files in this item: 1
x644602642.pdf (87.67Kb) -
Kalmi, Panu; Mygind, Niels; Terk, Erik (København, 1999)[More information][Less information]
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an empirical investigationFoss, Nicolai Juul; Laursen, Keld (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]