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An implementation and evaluationHalskov, Jakob (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The research object of this thesis is the so-called knowledge patterns and their usefulness in automatically extracting specic semantic relations from unannotated and uncategorized text on the WWW so as to facilitate semi-automatic updating and extension of existing ontological and terminological resources. The main contribution of the thesis is the implementation of a com- plete ontology extension framework called WWW2REL which is 100% based on a knowledge-poor, domain-independent processing of WWW text snippets and includes the three stages of pattern discovery, pattern ltering and relation instance ranking. Unlike most comparable systems WWW2REL is special in that it is both highly portable, can be applied to any semantic relation type and operates directly on uncategorized WWW text snippets. The system is tested on the biomedical UMLS Metathesaurus for four dierent relation types and manually evaluated by four domain experts. It is demonstrated that high precision in the task of knowledge discovery from a noisy text source can be achieved using a very simple instance relevance measure and two ranking heuristics. In contrast, many comparable systems operate on richly annotated academic text and tend to apply heuristics which are custom-tailored to a specic domain and/or relation type. When selecting the overall best ranking scheme, average system performance across all four relation types ranges between 70% to 65% of the maximum possible F-score by top 10 and top 50 relation instances, respectively. Finally, the thesis experiments also examine the portability of individ- ual knowledge patterns and of the ranking heuristics. It is concluded that synonymy KPs are the most domain independent closely followed by ISA KPs, whereas patterns for "may_prevent" and especially "induces" are more dependent on the domain. Empirical experiments also suggest that a ranking heuristic which penalizes relation instances whose arguments occur frequently in a general language corpus can be highly eective, but may need to be adapted to the domain in question. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7731 Files in this item: 1
jacob_halskov.pdf (1.810Mb) -
How do sensemaking processes with minimal sharing relate to the reproduction of organised action?Murphy, Tine (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The thesis examines an underexplored area in sensemaking theory. The theme for the thesis is to examine the relation between sensemaking and the reproduction of organised action. Existing sensemaking theory focusses on how shared organising processes support the reproduction of organised action (Smircich & Morgan, 1986; Smircich & Stubbart, 1985; Weick, 2004; Maitlis, 2005; Donnellon et al, 1986). This thesis' contribution is to examine sensemaking processes which do not spring from shared articulation within the formal organisation and these processes' relation to the reproduction of organised action. In the thesis the phenomenon is illustrated with a case consisting of a younger voluntary organisation (called the Network Group) whose purpose is to provide tuition for children with another ethnic background than Danish. The organisation survives and meets its purpose. This, however, takes place largely without the voluntary tutors talking with each other to make sense of their shared action. This falls outside the expectations produced in the greater part of existing sensemaking theory. Apart from the relevancy for organisation theory, the interest in the phenomenon organised action with limited shared sensemaking and limited shared articulation – comes from a hypothesis that actors in latemodernity will be less inclined to invest in shared sensemaking because they zap between organisational contexts (Bauman 2000, Beck 1986, Beck & BeckGernsheim 2002 and Bellah et al 1985). This is a phenomenon which has drawn particular attention within the Danish voluntary sector in the last 10 years (Isen1, 1999; Goul Andersen et al, 2000; Hermansen & Stavnsager, 2000; Stavnsager & Jantzen, 2000; Christensen & Isen, 2001; Børch & Israelsen, 2001; Wollebæk & Selle, 2002; Nielsen et al 2004; Murphy 2004). Similar concerns in the U. S. are most notably expressed by Putnam (1990) in the book “Bowling Alone”. In Denmark the phenomenon is linked to perceived difficulties with filling positions at boards of voluntary organisations with younger volunteers. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7790 Files in this item: 1
Tine_Murphy.pdf (2.981Mb) -
Morten Thanning, Vendelo (San Antonio, 2011)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8410 Files in this item: 1
Morten_Thanning_Vendelo-AoM-2011.pdf (1.746Mb) -
a narrative approach to the study of international acquisitionsSøderberg, Anne-Marie (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Most studies of mergers and acquisitions have a managerial tilt and are founded on short visits to the companies investigated. This essay is based on a longitudinal study of a company that experiences a series of international acquisitions, giving voice to a wide range of organizational actors at different hierarchical levels, interviewed at different points of time over a period of six years. The collected narrative interviews are viewed as retrospective interpretations of change processes in the acquired company, made by organizational actors as parts of the plots they are continually constructing and revising to make sense of the course of organizational actions and events. Greimas’ actantial model is used to systematize the different plots that can be seen as results of both individual and collective processes of selection, hierarchization and sequencing of organizational actions and events. It is argued that a narrative approach is well suited to clarify changing patterns of identification and justification and to display different modes of storytelling. The narratological analyses moreover illustrate that even central actors within an acquired company often have such different work-views and world-views that it may be problematic or even counterproductive if upper-level management introduces corporate storytelling through conscious efforts without any negotiation of the different versions of stories told by the employees. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6962 Files in this item: 1
wp67.pdf (333.5Kb) -
A dual-layer Danish speech corpus for perception studiesChristiansen, Thomas Ulrich; Juel Henrichsen, Peter (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In this paper, we present the newly established Danish speech corpus PiTu. The corpus consists of recordings of 28 native Danish talkers (14 female and 14 male) each reproducing (i) a series of nonsense syllables, and (ii) a set of authentic natural language sentences. The speech corpus is tailored for investigating the relationship between early stages of the speech perceptual process and later stages. We present our considerations involved in preparing the experimental set-up, producing the anechoic recordings, compiling the data, and exploring the materials in linguistic research. We report on a small pilot experiment demonstrating how PiTu and similar speech corpora can be used in studies of prosody as a function of semantic content. The experiment addresses the issue of whether the governing principles of Danish prosody assignment is mainly talker-specific or mainly content-typical (under the specific experimental conditions). The corpus is available at http://amtoolbox.sourceforge.net/pitu/. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8619 Files in this item: 1
Peter_Juel_Henrichsen_2012_3.pdf (105.4Kb) -
The relevant antitrust market for salmonHaldrup, Niels; Møllgaard, Peter; Kastberg Nielsen, Claus (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Delineation of the relevant market forms a pivotal part of most antitrust cases. The standard approach is sequential. First the product market is delineated, then the geographical market is defined. Demand and supply substitution in both the product dimension and the geographical dimension will normally be stronger than substitution in either dimension. By ignoring this one might decide first to define products narrowly and then to define the geographical extent narrowly ignoring the possibility of a diagonal substitution. These reflections are important in the empirical delineation of product and geographical markets. Using a unique data set for prices of Norwegian and Scottish salmon, we propose a methodology for simultaneous market delineation and we demonstrate that compared to a sequential approach conclusions will be reversed. JEL: C3, K21, L41, Q22 Keywords: Relevant market, econometric delineation, salmon. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7633 Files in this item: 1
wp2-2005.pdf (268.6Kb) -
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in ChinaHolst Jensen, Mads (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Taking into account a broad range of stakeholders who may affect or be affected by corporate action, the perspective of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) carries the promise of a win-win situation for all. CSR in China is highly topical, as the country is integrating into the supply chains of the major global players, but the ideals of CSR are a far cry from the realities of production in "the workshop of the world". In this paper I will discuss key issues relating to the process of adapting CSR into the Chinese context. I will focus on the position of the PRC political leadership. I argue that the leadership seems to pursue an agenda of submerging CSR under the control of the Party-State and conceptualizing CSR by reference to a blend of an eclectic interpretation of Western European welfare models and CSR conceptions with an eclectic interpretation of Chinese tradition and political culture. As a result, CSR in China lacks the element of multi-stakeholder dialogue, which is commonly recognized as the core element of CSR in Western countries. Keywords: CSR, China, Labour issue, MNCE, NGO, Politic change. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7405 Files in this item: 1
cdp 2006-006.pdf (368.9Kb) -
Multinational takeovers in Sweden's pharmaceutical industryValentin, Finn; Dahlgren, Henrich (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Prior research has addressed the role of single large firms in Regional Innovation Systems (RIS), ascribing them the role of "flagships”, "hubs” etc. Less attention has been given to RIS dynamics set in motion when a flagship abruptly rearranges or ceases local operations, as is often the outcome when it is acquired by, or merged into, a larger multinational enterprise. The two flagships of the Swedish pharmaceutical industry – Pharmacia and Astra - shifted from domestic to multinational ownership in 1995 and 1998. We study consequences of this shift focusing on the following issues: i) Whether the shift in ownership brought about expansion or contraction of operations carried out internally by the two firms in Sweden. Observing notably declining activities in Pharmacia and expansion in Astra’s case we discuss control rights as a factor in national regulation affecting long-term strategising on part of key investors. ii) Whether the reduction of Pharmacia’s Swedish operations has been substituted by new firms derived from Pharmacia in the forms of divestments, spin-offs or startups. Identification of the founders of new bio-pharmaceutical firms reveals very little manager-to-founder migration out of Pharmacia, whereas considerably derived activity comes out of firms divested or spun-off while Pharmacia was still fully operative. iii) Whether the recombinatorial capacity of the innovation system in the Stockholm-Uppsala region plays a role in explaining the paucity of Pharmacia-derived start-ups. Compared to the Copenhagen region (the other major biotech concentration in 3 Scandinavia) Stockholm-Uppsala’s RIS is shown generally to have been notably less effective in mobilising industrial managerial talent for bio-entrepreneurship. To better understand this inter-regional divergence we model differences between the two RIS in the supply of venture capital to the financing rounds of young biotech start-ups. In RIS dynamics venture capital has the critical function of connecting managerial talent with entrepreneurial resources. For new bio-firms this particular RIS-function is shown to have performed significantly weaker in the Stockholm-Uppsala region as compared to the Copenhagen counterpart. This deficiency may be expected to rank importantly among causes for the comparatively lower incidence of manager-to-founder transitions amongst Stockholm-Uppsala’s new biopharmaceutical firms. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6776 Files in this item: 1
wp04-2007.pdf (251.8Kb) -
Madsen, Dorte (, 2010)[More information][Less information]
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A Neoinstitutional Analysis of the Emerging Organizational Field of Renewable Energy in ChinaHøyrup Christensen, Nis (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Today, China is the world leading investor in renewable energy. At the heart of this effort lies China’s ability to shape markets through industrial policies. Through a neoinstitutional theoretical perspective this dissertation views China’s efforts within renewable energy as the emergence of a new organizational field. Despite the importance of organizational fields as a key concept in the neoinstitutional literature, there is a lack of studies on exactly how they emerge. Throughout four articles this dissertation scrutinizes therefore the emergence of the field of renewable energy in China and the mechanisms driving this emergence. Firstly, the relation between state and market is examined, and it is argued that Chinese state interventions in markets, for instance through subsidies, are based in deeply rooted historic grounds. Thus, the article explains the general context in which the Party-state handles subsidized markets, like renewable energy. Secondly, the specific development of the idea of sustainable development, and how it evolves into an institutional logic of its own, is analysed. It is around this institutional logic that renewable energy emerges as a field. The key mechanism in play is the idea work of the Party state by which sustainable development is positioned in the Partystate discourse. Thirdly, subsidization of renewable energy in China is examined as an important feature of the increasing institutionalization of the organizational field. It is shown how negotiation between companies and Party-state is the vital mechanism by which subsidies are determined.... URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8627 Files in this item: 1
Nis_Høyrup_Christensen.pdf (1.412Mb) -
samspil og konflikt mellem kommune, praksislæge og sygehusSeemann, Janne; Antoft, Rasmus (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Real-Time Realistic Social Sharing of Experiences and EnvironmentsVatrapu, Ravi; Suthers, Dan; Joseph, Sam (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The Shared Experonments system provides interactive services for ubiquitous real-time interactive social sharing of experiences and environments. Designed and implemented for ubiquitous high-speed wireless environments, the Shared Experonments system provides synchronous ways and means for interactive social sharing of erstwhile personal experiences while one or more persons are in remote locations. Example scenarios include sharing of experiences with friends and family while off hiking or trekking, as well as business situations where a remote field worker must collaborate in real time with other field workers or head office. The Shared Experonments system integrates multiple realities and works in a variety of mixed reality modes and interactional settings, and crucially supports deixis from one environment to another. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7977 Files in this item: 1
2009-CAICT_Com_52009-SE-Paper.pdf (953.4Kb) -
A Discussion of In-Vivo Evidence in and Beyond Existing Creativity FrameworksWiltschnig, Stefan; Onarheim, Balder; Christensen, Bo Thomas (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper presents evidence for shared insight moments in real world design processes in the context of product development for a large international medical appliance manufacturer. The findings are discussed related to the existing literature of insight in creative processes and regarding possible explanations from analoguous fields of interest, like brainstorming and multiple discovery. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8278 Files in this item: 1
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Mygind, Niels (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: With reference to the discussion about shareholder versus stakeholder maximization it is argued that the normal type of maximization is in fact stakeholder-owner maxi-mization. This means maximization of the sum of the value of the shares and stake-holder benefits belonging to the dominating stakeholder-owner. Maximization of shareholder value is a special case of owner-maximization, and only under quite re-strictive assumptions shareholder maximization is larger or equal to stakeholder-owner maximization. Broad stakeholder maximization is the sum of the returns to all stake-holders also including the shareholders of a company. Although it may be the ultimate goal for Corporate Social Responsibility to achieve this kind of maximization, broad stakeholder maximization is quite difficult to give a precise definition. There is no one-dimensional measure to add different stakeholder benefits not traded on the mar-ket, and therefore there is no possibility for practical application. Broad stakeholder maximization instead in practical applications becomes satisfying certain stakeholder demands, so that the practical application will be stakeholder-owner maximization un-der constraints defined by other stakeholders’ interests. These constraints vary for dif-ferent stakeholder owners and new standards for Corporate Social Responsibility and more active political consumers will strengthen these constraints. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6613 Files in this item: 1
share stake max wp53 2004.pdf (132.8Kb) -
towards optimal distinctivenes in European film makingAlvarez, José Luis; Mazza, Carmelo; Strandgaard Pedersen, Jesper; Svejenova, Silviya (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Abstract. This paper advances a micro theory of creative action by examining how distinctive artists shield their idiosyncratic styles from the isomorphic pressures of a field. It draws on the cases of three internationally recognized, distinctive European film directors - Pedro Almodóvar (Spain), Nanni Moretti (Italy) and Lars von Trier (Denmark). We argue that in a cinema field, artistic pressures for distinctiveness along with business pressures for profits drive filmmakers’ quest for optimal distinctiveness. This quest seeks both exclusive, unique style and inclusive, audience-appealing artwork with legitimacy in the field. Our theory of creative action for optimal distinctiveness suggests that film directors increase their control by personally consolidating artistic and production roles, by forming close partnership with committed producer, and by establishing own production company. Ironically, to escape the iron cage of local cinema fields, film directors increasingly control the coupling of art and business, hence forging their own "iron cage". "[T]he unusual and paradoxical place that Pedro [Almodóvar] has been able to find: we are within the industry but we preserve our peculiarity." (Agustín Almodóvar, 2001). Optimal distinctiveness: "social identity is viewed as reconciliation of opposing needs for assimilation and differentiation from others." (Marilynn Brewer, 1991). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6672 Files in this item: 1
papers in oraganization, no.49 2003.pdf (302.8Kb) -
Bechmann, Ken (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The announcement of a convertible bond call is associated with an average con- temporaneous abnormal stock price decline of 1.75% and an ensuing price recovery in the conversion period. A price fall and the subsequent recovery suggest price pressure as the explanation for the announcement eect. However, in a perfect capital market the option to convert is not exercised early and hence, the increase in the number of shares outstanding does not occur at the announcement date. Instead, this paper ar- gues and provides evidence that hedging-induced short selling is causing at least part of the short-run price pressure. Key words: Convertible bond calls; Hedging; Short selling; Price pressure; Underwriting JEL Classication: G14; G24; G32 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7165 Files in this item: 1
caf wp-164.pdf (719.6Kb) -
Malchow-Møller, Nikolaj; Rose Skaksen, Jan (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In this paper, we show that the welfare implications of immigration which takes place in upturns, and may be partly reversed in downturns, are very different from the implications of immigration usually found in static models. Abstracting from any gains to capital owners and native workers due to complementarities, we find that (especially temporary) immigration may still benefit native workers in a European type of labour market where minimum wages may bind in downturns. However, in the presence of hiring costs, these effects may be reversed. Thus, promoting temporary immigration schemes may lead to adverse consequences if they also increase the costs of hiring foreign labour. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7700 Files in this item: 1
dp 2008-12.pdf (351.9Kb) -
Määttänen, Niku; Poutvaara, Panu (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We study the welfare effects of earnings testing flat-rate old-age benefits in a quantitative overlapping generations model with idiosyncratic labor income risk. In our model economy, even a moderate earnings testing reduces individuals’ expected lifetime utility, whenever other taxes are taken into account. Moreover, it also lowers the realized lifetime utilities of those at the bottom of the lifetime utility distribution. Social security; Retirement; Means-testing URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7705 Files in this item: 1
artikel 09.pdf (315.4Kb) -
Braun, Sebastian (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The paper presents first empirical evidence on the effect of foreign ownership on the union wage premium. Using matched employer-employee data for Denmark, the positive effect of plant-level unionisation on wages is found to vanish in foreign-owned firm. While the estimation establishes a positive wage effect of foreign ownership of between two and four per cent for workers employed in non-unionised firms, the foreign ownership premium is close to zero for workers in highly unionised enterprises. This result might help to understand why trade unions frequently resist foreign take-overs even though the existence of a positive foreign ownership wage premium is widely acknowledged in the literature. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7715 Files in this item: 1
dp 2008-07.pdf (181.2Kb) -
A Reflection on Historical Sociology and IRLeander, Anna (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In 2004 I published an argument to the effect that “taking Tilly seriously” could help International Relations (IR) scholars understand some of the processes and mechanisms involved in state-building (Leander, 2004: the chapter is pasted in at the end of this statement). This short statement is a reflection on why, if I were to write that piece today, it would be written differently. I would still argue that we should all engage the Historical Sociology of State-Building (HSS) in a serious way (go beyond the folklore as I termed it in 2004) but my inclination today would be to be far more explicit about to the pitfalls of not going beyond the folklore as well as about the importance of studies of practices (in anthropology, ethnography, geography, regional/area studies or even IR, sic!) in signposting these pitfalls. This change in tone has less to do with any particular idea or argument in historical sociology, and even less with the work of any particular historical sociologist (seen the focus of this workshop Tilly will figure as the recurring reference point) than it does with the way the HSS is read, feeds into and shapes IR discussions (section 1). The way HSS has been integrated into IR has led scholars deeper into the pitfalls which hamper their understanding of contemporary state-building. More specifically it has perpetuated a misconstrued understanding of the inside/outside, it has obscured the nature and role of the private/public, and that it has devalued contextually specific articulations of politics and governance (sections 2-4). This “misunderstanding” is not only a scholastic matter as it translates into policies that are ineffective, inadequate not to say positively harmful (section 5). As the statement concludes, the implication is that IR scholars who decide to walk the terrain chartered by HSS would do well to observe the warning signposts set up by observers of political practices around these pitfalls. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7968 Files in this item: 1