Titler
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A study of emerging producer organisations in IndiaAbraham, Mathew (Frederiksberg, 2015)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: A majority of the world’s agricultural production takes place on small farms (less than 2 hectares). India has one of the smallest average farm sizes with over 68 per cent of its farms being marginal in size (below 1 hectare). Small farm production is constrained by challenges of accessing lumpy inputs of management and asset specific machinery, markets, credit, extension services and technology. Collective actions in the form of cooperatives in many parts of the world have played a vital role in overcoming these challenges and enabling agricultural growth. However, cooperatives in India have suffered from low participation, over-dependence on state assistance, poor management, political interference in their functioning and poor benefits to intended target groups. In recent years Producer Organisational Formats (POFs) such as Producer Companies (PCs), Joint Liability Groups (JLGs) and Farmers Federations (FFs) have emerged in an attempt to address some of these challenges faced by small producers. Although policy makers recognize this new cooperativism to have the potential to address small producer disadvantages, progress has been little in supporting or promoting POFs in India due to limited understanding of their functioning, impact and potential. This knowledge gap motivated this research. Using a conceptual framework grounded in institutional and collective action theories, this thesis examines (a) how POFs are structured on organisational, social and economic terms and (b) how resources are allocated and incentives aligned within these institutions. The thesis finds that the examined POFs are small, regionspecific collective actions, organised with the help of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) supported by the state. POFs relied on networks of social relationships, trust, norms and sometimes religious ideology to prevent collective action problems that hindered effective organisation. In economic terms, POFs helped improve market access and increased marketable agricultural surplus at the household level; yet, this surplus was not sufficient for households with marginal sized land to solely depend on farming as a livelihood activity. As for resource allocation and incentive alignment within POFs, the even distribution of collective goods to all members was a strong material incentive for participation. Social capital in the form of networks, norms and trust among members also incentivised participation. In sum the study finds that POFs have the potential to improve access to markets, credit, inputs and research and extension services, the lack of which has hindered small and marginal producer viability. In some cases social disadvantages of access arising from gender and caste were addressed through these organisations. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9120 Filer i denne post: 1
Mathew_Abraham.pdf (2.185Mb) -
a focus on organisation in the start-up scene in BerlinBjerg Møller, Inger (København, 2001)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
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Laursen, Keld; Foss, Nicolai Juul (København, 2000)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
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The Digital Concert Hall in a Media Geographical PerspectiveStöber, Birgit (Frederiksberg, 2011)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: The Internet is often associated with “a placeless world, (…) and a form of reality grounded in technology rather than nature” (Adams 2009, 115). Many commentators argue that the combination of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and cyberspace disrupts a number of factors that underpin traditional forms of cultural and social interaction and thus the relationship between place, community and identity.” (Dodge & Kitchen 2001, 33) Moreover, an argument often heard is that media are not able to reproduce a unique moment tied to a particular site; therefore media (no matter whether they are analog or digital) are not able to transmit cultural events such as a concert without losing its specific “aura” (Benjamin). The case of the Digital Concert Hall (DCH) by Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra challenges these arguments. The DCH is a virtual place and communication platform that offers a “quasi authentic concert experience on a home computer” (Kolbe 2009, 12). However, the DCH is extremely bounded to the concrete place of the concert hall in Berlin mainly due to the technology installed in the hall. In this paper, I will argue that the virtual place of the DCH is a new media initiative from the classical music scene that is not placeless, neither it is weakening the physical place of the concert hall in Berlin. Rather, the virtual platform DCH is strengthening the physical place as well as the brand Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8253 Filer i denne post: 1
54-BS- New media and music productsx.pdf (273.6Kb) -
Concepts, research design and methodologiesPonte, Stefano; Noe, Christine; Kweka, Opportuna; Mshale, Baruani; Sulle, Emmanuel; Brockington, Daniel; Kalumanga, Elikana; Minja, Rasul Ahmed; Budeanu, Adriana; Mwamfupe, Asubisye; Henriksen, Lasse Folke; Olwig, Mette Fog; Silvano, Pilly; Namkesa, Faraja; John, Ruth; Katikiro, Robert; Mabele, Mathew Bukhi (Frederiksberg, 2017)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: New and more complex partnerships are emerging to address the sustainability of natural resource use in developing countries. These partnerships variously link donors, governments, community-based organizations, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), business, certification agencies and other intermediaries. High expectations and many resources have been invested in these initiatives. Yet, we still do not know whether more sophisticated organizational structures, more stakeholders involved, and more advanced participatory processes have delivered better sustainability outcomes, and if so, in what sectors and under what circumstances. To fill this knowledge gap and build capacity in this area, the NEPSUS research and capacity building project assembles a multidisciplinary team to analyze sustainability partnerships in three key natural resource sectors in Tanzania: forestry, wildlife and coastal resources. In each of these sectors, we assess whether co-management with local communities and private and civil society actors, and putatively more participatory processes in the governance of renewable resources, result in more equitable and sustainable livelihoods and environmental outcomes. We compare ‘more complex’ partnerships to relatively ‘simpler’, more traditional top-down and centralized management systems, and to instances where sustainability partnerships are not in place. This working paper tackles the main conceptual, methodological and research design issues arising in this effort. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9548 Filer i denne post: 1
NEPSUS WP 2017 1.pdf (1.097Mb) -
Christensen, Irene (Frederiksberg, 2018)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: This study examines rapid prototyping, also referred to as new production launch, or ramp-up time. A strong emphasis on speed is vital for the success of a product development and market launch. Managers concern themselves with organizing ramp-up activities into arrayed sequences to achieve production launch goals. These sequences are not only regarding prearranged linear milestones, but extensively reviewed and often reorganized complex activities, with the managerial goal of a wellconfigured productive process. The need to manage the final phase in product development is evident, because many of the failures leading to product launch delays have multiple root causes, ranging from poorly understood and overly engineered novel technologies to a “throw it over the wall” approach between development functions and inexperienced machine operators, in addition to high complexity levels in quality testing. The study examines these complexities through social theoretical lenses. In doing so, an in-depth qualitative approach has been employed with the aim of addressing the fundamental barriers in the advancement of this managerial field, and the practical complexities in managing this specific part of the development of products. This has been achieved by longitudinally studying a total of eight major development cases at a large Scandinavian manufacturing company over a period of three years. These development projects faced different challenges during the interface between R&D and ramp-up production, resulting in delays in product launch. Drawing on the results of this real-time study, the thesis contributes with (i) a conceptual model for lean management application to the ramp-up process, (ii) the advancement of clinical methodological approach for in-depth studying of the ramp-up management phenomena, (iii) cause and effects of ramp-up activities delays, and (iv) managerial strategies for managing organization-environment interdependencies. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9617 Filer i denne post: 1
Irene Christensen.pdf (2.184Mb) -
An empirical studyMøgelvang-Hansen, Peter; Lando, Henrik; Kristensen, Bo; Schützsack, Ole (København, 2006)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: The project described in this report was carried out with support from The Ministry of Justice’s Research Pool. The aim of the project is to examine the effects of Amending Act no. 213/2002, amending the rules on consumer sales in the Danish Sale of Goods Act. The amendments were part of Denmark’s implementation of Directive 1999/44/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on certain aspects of the sale of consumer goods and associated guarantees. The Amending Act came into force on 24 April 2002, having effect on consumer sales made on and after 1 January 2002. At the time of completion of this report, the Amending Act had been in force for more than two and a half years. In the planning of this project, we assumed that at this point in time sufficient experience with the new rules would be available, enabling us to get an impression of its practical consequences for businesses. Also, we assumed that the respondents could still recall the prior state of the law, making it possible for us to gather sufficient information to compare the situation before and after the Amending Act entered into force. The Amending Act involved a number of amendments to the Danish Sale of Goods Act. Certain amendments, such as those concerning the rules on lack of conformity, were mainly clarifications of the current state of the law. As these in fact did not change the state of the law, they were not intended to change practice either. As this study is empirically oriented, these amendments fall outside its scope. Consequently, in this study we have chosen to focus on the consequences of the following amendments: Under the new provisions in s. 77a(3), any lack of conformity with the contract is assumed to have existed at the time of delivery if such lack of conformity becomes apparent within six months of the time of delivery. Where there is a lack of conformity, the consumer in general has a right to choose between replacement and repair under s. 78. Replacement is no longer contingent on the lack of conformity constituting a fundamental breach. Furthermore, it is no longer possible for the seller to decline a request for replacement by offering to repair. If the consumer’s request for replacement or repair would impose disproportionate costs on the seller, or if this remedy is impossible, the seller can, however, decline the request. In s. 83, the limitation period for complaints has been extended from one to two years from the time of delivery to the consumer. In s. 54, the corresponding limitation period on other sales than consumer sales has been extended from one to two years to avoid sellers in the retail trade from being caught in between their consumers and their suppliers. As before, s. 83 cannot be derogated from to the detriment of the consumer. It is, however, still possible for the parties to derogate from s. 54 concerning other sales than consumer sales. The fundamental question of this study is whether the mentioned alteration to the state of the law has resulted in a notable change in the behaviour of the relevant players. Of the relevant players, our principal focus is the retail trade, whose situation we have examined by way of a questionnaire survey. To a limited extent we have also looked into any changes in the behaviour of wholesalers/producers, mainly by way of interviews with trade organisations. Finally, we have examined the application of the new rules, mainly by looking at the Danish Consumer Complaints Board. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7386 Filer i denne post: 1
wp 2006-4.pdf (613.8Kb) -
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Integration with Transaction Cost EconomicsFoss, Kirsten; Foss, Nicolai J. (København, 2004)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: This essay addresses the role of transaction cost economics (TCE) in advancing the resource-based view. In particular, it is argued that TCE has the potential to remedy a number of weak spots in the RBV, such as the absence of attention in the RBV to the interaction between value creation and value appropriation. This and other weak spots in the RBV stem from not taking account of transaction costs to a sufficient extent. Integrating TCE with the RBV adds new insight into the analysis of sustained competitive advantage. Keywords The resource-based view, transaction cost economics, sustained competitive advantage. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7303 Filer i denne post: 1
ckg-wp202004-04.pdf (186.7Kb) -
A Revised Note on Understanding Institutional ChangePedersen, Ove K. (, 2008)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: This is a slightly revised version of an article I published in 1991 (Ove K. Pedersen, 1991, “Nine Questions to a Neo-Institutional Theory in Political Science”, Scandinavian Political Studies, vol. 14, no. 2, p. 125-148). The purpose of the article 16 years ago is the same as the purpose of presenting this note today - to point to a number of methodological and theoretical problems which have to be discussed in connection with a theory of institutional change. No analytical approach for the study of institutions will be presented. No description of actual institutions or institutional change will be given. Rather, nine philosophical-methodological questions rarely raised and never answered in institutional theory will be asked. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7754 Filer i denne post: 1
WP CBP 2008-62.pdf (146.2Kb) -
Lee, Kristina; Lotz, Peter (Frederiksberg, 1998)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
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A History of Danish School Governing from 1970-2010Grønbæk Pors, Justine (Frederiksberg, 2011)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: In Denmark, as in many other welfare states, we strongly believe that problems within the public sector can be solved by means of better management. For quite some years it has been assumed that management leads to more control over and better quality of welfare. Politicians and public servants have therefore been concerned with how the individual hospital, nursing home and school can develop its management. This has created a somewhat strange problem: How is it possible from a position at the top of a governing hierarchy to create management capacity from below? This thesis is about how Danish local government, municipalities, have developed understandings of governing relations between themselves and the public school over the last 40 years. The thesis tracks how municipalities have gradually assigned organizational independence to the individual school and increased their expectations of its self-management.... URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8355 Filer i denne post: 1
Justine_Grønbæk_Pors.pdf (4.586Mb) -
Towards a More Nuanced Perspective on Motivation in OrganizationsReinholt, Mia (København, 2006)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: The organizational science literature on motivation has for long been polarized into two main positions; the organizational economic position focusing on extrinsic motivation and the organizational behavior position emphasizing intrinsic motivation. With the rise of the knowledge economy and the increasing levels of complexities it entails, such polarization is not fruitful in the attempt to explain motivation of organizational members. This paper claims that a more nuanced perspective on motivation, acknowledging the co-existence of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, the possible interaction between the two as well as different types of motivations filling in the gap between the two polar types, is urgently needed in the organizational science literature. By drawing on the research on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation conducted in social psychology and combining this with contributions from organizational science, economics, and sociology, this paper attempts to develop an emergent understanding of motivation, which is more facetted than the one dominating organizational science currently. Based on these discussions, eleven implications for future research on motivation in organizations are proposed. Keywords: Work motivation, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, motivation systems, and the knowledge economy JEL Codes: M12, M52, M54 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7456 Filer i denne post: 1
smg 2006-49.pdf (301.2Kb) -
Hvidt, Morten; Nielsen, Søren Bo (København, 2000)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
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How Socioemotional Wealth and Familiness Influence InternationalizationSluhan, Anne (Frederiksberg, 2018)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: This doctoral dissertation investigates idiosyncratic behaviors of family firms and contributes to an understanding of how family ownership affects the ways in which firms internationalize. While each chapter in the dissertation is a stand-alone work intended for publication, every study relates to an overarching research question about how non-financial dimensions of family firm ownership—exemplified by socioemotional wealth (SEW) and familiness—influence family firm internationalization. The dissertation contributes to varying literatures including family business, corporate governance, strategic management, and international business. Specifically, the review paper on family firm internationalization offers a novel presentation of entry modes along the FIBER dimensions of SEW. It proposes a framework to unbundle family firm-specific capabilities and motivations for internationalization for subsequent analysis utilizing the theoretical perspectives of SEW and familiness. The next chapter studies how family firm risk preferences affect behavior when engaging in cross-border acquisitions. While most studies on family firms implicitly assume businesses are run at the will of a controlling family, this paper abandons this assumption and examines whether (and how) non-family shareholders interact with family shareholders when deciding to internationalize. Results indicate international acquisitions will be of greater value when the level of family ownership is high or low, whereas the value of an acquisition is lower when family ownership is relatively balanced vis à vis non-family ownership. The final empirical chapter studies family firm behavior differently by exploring the notion of familiness within the context of an international acquisition. This study applies an action research methodology first to investigate how employees understand the notion of familiness and then to observe how this perception is actively mobilized to facilitate post acquisition integration. The paper emphasizes how aspects of familiness can be purposefully mobilized to facilitate integration, thus contributing to an understanding of familiness in general, and specifically familiness in a context of internationalization. From a methodological perspective, the paper contributes rich data showing how action research can be used in a business setting, presenting a process that facilitates integration between two distinct organizational and national cultures and between family and nonfamily firms as they face challenges in a post-merger or post-acquisition context. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9626 Filer i denne post: 1
Anne Sluhan.pdf (3.424Mb) -
Andersen, Steffen; Harrison, Glenn W.; Hole, Arne Risa; Rutström, E. Elisabet (Frederiksberg, 2010)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: We develop an extension of the familiar linear mixed logit model to allow for the direct estimation of parametric non-linear functions defined over structural parameters. A classic application is the estimation of coefficients of utility functions to characterize risk attitudes. There are several unexpected benefits of this extension, apart from the ability to directly estimate structural parameters of theoretical interest. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8171 Filer i denne post: 1
wp4-2010.pdf (174.4Kb) -
Andersen, Steffen; Harrison, Glenn W.; Hole, Arne Risa; Rutström, E. Elisabet (, 2009)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: Experimental data exhibit considerable individual heterogeneity. We review the econometric methods employed to characterize that heterogeneity. We pay particular attention to the trade-off between collecting and allowing for observable characteristics, such as the familiar demographics, and the use of statistical methods to allow for unobserved individual heterogeneity. We demonstrate that these tools are complementary. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7802 Filer i denne post: 1
wp2009-6.pdf (420.1Kb) -
The Emergence of a Transnational Elite In and Around Foreign-based Headquarters of MNCsSmith, Irene Skovgaard; Poulfelt, Flemming (, 2014)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: Within international management it has become somewhat of an aspirational ideal that a truly global corporation should have no national home base (Ghemawat 2011). MNCs should transcend their national administrative heritage and become ‘placeless’ and stateless transnationals by moving their main global headquarters to neutral and strategically relevant locations (Birkinshaw, Braunerhjelm, Holm & Terjesen 2006). In practice, most MNCs and their main headquarters still remain firmly rooted in their home countries (Ghemawat, 2011; Strauss-Kahn & Xavier, 2009). However, there are indications that many MNCs are moving in the direction of a growing dispersion of headquarter activities with the use of foreign-based divisional and regional headquarters (Barner-Rasmussen, Piekkari & Björkman 2007; Benito, Lunnan & Tomassen 2011; Birkinshaw et al. 2006, Forsgren, Holm & Johanson 1995). The number of European Regional Headquarters for instance has increased by 76% over the past decade alone and a similar rise can be observed in the Asia-Pacific region (Nell et al. 2011). Today most headquarters are located in developed countries but going forward the number being placed in emerging countries is predicted to increase (McKinsey Global Institute, 2013). Regional or divisional headquarters are organizational units with a formal mandate to manage a region or a division within the MNC’s global structure, here termed foreign-based headquarters. They are often located in central, technologically advanced, internationallyoriented, metropolitan hubs where other MNC headquarters are similarly located, where there is easy access to major airports with direct flights across the globe and an international work force. In this paper we explore how the transnational professionals who manage and staff such foreign-based headquarters, develop a sense of community and identity based on an idea of being non-national which is closely linked with the ‘placelessness’ of the organizations in which they work. As such the paper aims to contribute to new perspectives on global elites in the context of MNCs addressing the sub-theme call for submissions exploring the emergence of transnational communities. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8952 Filer i denne post: 1
Poulfelt and Smith.pdf (248.9Kb) -
Raimondos-Møller, Pascalis; Woodland, Alan D. (København, 2004)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: This paper examines the welfare implications of non-discriminatory tariff reforms by a subset of countries, which we term a non-preferential trading club. We show that there exist coordinated tariff reforms, accompanied by appropriate income transfers between the member countries, that unambiguously increase the welfare of these countries while leaving the welfare of non-members unaltered. In terms of economic policy implications, our results show that there exist regional, MFN-consistent arrangements that lead to Pareto improvements in world welfare. JEL code: F15. Keywords: Trading clubs, non-preferential tariff reform, Kemp-Wan-Ohyama proposition. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7540 Filer i denne post: 1
wpec062004.pdf (262.2Kb)