Browsing by Title
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Hagen Jørgensen, Ole (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Using a stochastic overlapping generations model with endogenous labour supply, this paper studies the design and performance of a policy rule for the retirement age in response to fertility and mortality shocks. Two main results are derived: First, to oset a change in the labour force the retirement age should adjust more than proportionally to the fertility change and, second, to be socially desirable the retirement age should be indexed less than proportionally to changes in life expectancy. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7688 Files in this item: 1
dp 2008-03.pdf (361.1Kb) -
den glade skaberkraft og den sure dekonstruktion?Halskov Jensen, Elisabeth (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Dette Working Paper kommer til at handle om, hvordan man egentlig kan finde på at arbejde med kritisk diskursanalyse og retorik på én gang, når nu diskursanalysen på den ene side hævder, at vi skal afsløre verdensanskuelser og magtforhold bag sprogbrug, og retorikken på den anden side er mere optaget af at fortælle os, hvordan vi skal styre og målrette vores sprogbrug i skabelsen af tekster. Hvis den kritiske diskursanalyse således repræsenterer ideer om, at mennesker og menneskelige relationer styres af normer, myter og kultur, og at det, vi skal stræbe efter, er at afsløre og dekonstruere dem for at imødegå faren for den totale kontrol, så er vel netop den klassiske retorik repræsentant for det modsatte, nemlig at vi skal operere inden for de afstukne grænser, som normerne og kulturen sætter, for bedst muligt at tale vores sag? Jeg vil her forsøge at vise, at denne fremstilling er for firkantet, og at den pointe, at sproget både skaber og skabes af mennesker og samfund i en dialektisk vekslen, er en hovedpointe i nutidige tilgange inden for både retorik og diskursanalyse. Ligeledes vil jeg argumentere for, at vi i vores private og professionelle virke både har brug for at 'pille tekster fra hinanden' og at vide, hvordan vi former dem på den mest hensigtsmæssige måde. Selv om jeg opererer med begreberne 'klassisk retorik' og 'kritisk diskursanalyse', er der ikke tale om, at jeg her hverken kan eller vil give nogen udtømmende, endsige grundig, gennemgang af nogen af områderne, ligesom jeg heller ikke vil forsøge at tage patent på, hvad hverken klassisk retorik eller kritisk diskursanalyse går ud på. Min artikel er blevet til på baggrund af mine egne beskedne erfaringer med begge områder, herunder mit empiriske arbejde med diskursanalyse af spanske avisartikler, hvor jeg anvender kritisk diskursanalyse a la Fairclough (1992, 1995). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6854 Files in this item: 1
nr.201-2003.pdf (193.8Kb) -
Lando, Henrik (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
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Højlund, Holger (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Heterogeneity and Non-LinearitiesIversen, Jens; Malchow-Møller, Nikolaj; Sørensen, Anders (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The returns to education in self-employment are addressed in four different specifications of the relationship between log income and years of schooling. The specifications range from a standard Mincer equation with a constant percentage increase in income to an additional year of schooling to the most flexible specification with dummy variables for the different number of years of schooling split into different types of education. Based on the more flexible specifications, important non-linearities and heterogeneity in the returns to education in self-employment are found. These results are robust across different estimation methods: OLS; Heckit correction models to handle sample selection; and IV to deal with the potential endogeneity of years of schooling. Moreover, the results are insensitive to the use of different sample years, different definitions of self-employment, and different income measures for the self-employed. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8225 Files in this item: 1
Sorensen_WP_2010.pdf (411.9Kb) -
Laursen, Keld (København, 1998)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The paper is an analysis of Balassa’s ‘revealed comparative advantage’ (RCA). The papers shows that when using the RCA, it should always be adjusted in such a way, so that it becomes symmetric. The conclusion is based on a theoretical discussion of the properties of the measure, but also on convincing empirical evidence, based on the Jarque-Bera test of normality of the error terms from regressions, using both the RCA and the ‘Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage’ (the RSCA). The RSCA is also compared to other measures of international trade specialisation. These measures included the Michaely index and the chi square measure. The conclusion emerging from the analysis is that the RSCA is - on balance - the best measure of comparative advantage. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8092 Files in this item: 2
8778730694.pdf (115.7Kb)8778730694.pdf (115.7Kb) -
Laursen, Keld (Frederiksberg, 1998)[More information][Less information]
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Munar, Ana María (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Tourism is often linked to ideas of escapism and release from everyday duties and obligations. Modern societies are characterized by highly complex systems of social and cultural control, and citizens of these societies find forms of liberation in travel (Jafari 1987). Tourism destinations act as magnetic spaces of leisure and relaxation that can be visualized as the realm of ‘touristhood’– a theatrical arena in which individuals adopt different masks and conduct themselves according to expectations and norms that differ from those that rule their everyday lives. The consumption and enjoyment of alcoholic drinks constitutes a relevant element of the scenery of touristhood. In touristic spaces the beer product is socially transformed and constructed; tourists enact beer tourism through drinking practices and rituals performed at the destination. Alcohol, and in this case beer consumption, is constitutive of socio-cultural traditions in many national cultures (such as those in Northern Europe). National and local beer cultures are however being transformed and re-shaped in tourism destinations. This study examines the interrelation of beer cultures, more specifically German beer culture, and tourism. It examines how beer culture, combined with touristhood, produces extreme and novel forms of consumption transforming both tourism practices and the world of beer. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8570 Files in this item: 1
Ana_Maria_Munar_2012.pdf (425.2Kb) -
The Making of Statistical Facts and Artifacts in EconomicsTryggestad, Kjell (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The study aims is to describe how the inclusion and exclusion of materials and calculative devices construct the boundaries and distinctions between statistical facts and artifacts in economics. My methodological approach is inspired by John Graunt’s (1667) Political arithmetic and more recent work within constructivism and the field of Science and Technology Studies (STS). The result of this approach is here termed reversible statistics, reconstructing the findings of a statistical study within economics in three different ways. It is argued that all three accounts are quite normal, albeit in different ways. The presence and absence of diverse materials, both natural and political, is what distinguishes them from each other. Arguments are presented for a more symmetric relation between the scientific statistical text and the reader. I will argue that a more symmetric relation can be achieved by accounting for the significance of the materials and the equipment that enters into the production of statistics. Key words: Reversible statistics, diverse materials, constructivism, economics, science, and technology. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6714 Files in this item: 1
2004 reversible statistics.pdf (667.8Kb) -
Foss, Nicolai J. (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: For tre til fire årtier siden var der i fin overensstemmelse med tidsånden megen tale om økonomisk teoris krise. En række alternative, »heterodoxe«, »non-mainstream« retninger blev etableret eller taget frem af gemmerne og støvet af som alternativer til den formodet monolitiske, neoklassiske hovedstrøm. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7453 Files in this item: 1
smg wp 2008-22.pdf (157.8Kb) -
The Case of U.S. Chambers of CommerceCrawford, Brett (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Much of the organizational institutionalism literature suggests that the phenomenon of interests is a central construct, however, portrays interests in an overly deterministic, rational, and liberal way. In this thesis, I challenge those views and suggest that interests are a complex and interdependent socially constructed phenomenon. Accordingly, interests represent an actor’s recognition, perceived importance, and participation in a number of figurations and social games. Illustrated through the institution of U.S. chambers of commerce, I explore how chambers of commerce have withstood a changing American culture to become both the world’s largest business federation and public-private partnership. Moreover, even as the United States represents the most liberal of liberal market economies, chambers of commerce represent a context where capitalists have set aside market competition and unified their interests to become one of the largest and most influential institutions in the world. Following a brief introduction of interests and chambers of commerce, this thesis begins with the first paper, which is a critical review of the phenomenon of interests within the organizational institutionalism literature. Tracing the conceptual variety of both the origins and functions of interests in institutional studies, I illustrate how an overly deterministic and rational view of interests is problematic. The critical review continues with a discussion of my critiques of the extant literature followed by an introduction of a less rational and calculative approach to interests by coupling Bourdieu’s (1998) conceptualization of interests with Elias’s (1978) sociology emphasizing figurations and social games. The three subsequent empirical papers test this approach to interests on macro-, meso-, and micro-levels of the institution of chambers of commerce. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8452 Files in this item: 1
Brett_Crawford.pdf (9.887Mb) -
Herbert A. Simon and organizational economicsFoss, Nicolai Juul (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Kalmi, Panu (, 2003)[More information][Less information]
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an outline of the dissertation Coexistence without common senseRaffnsøe, Sverre (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
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Overgaard Olesen, Jan; Risager, Ole (København, 1999)[More information][Less information]
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The Case of the CIA “Killing Program”Leander, Anna (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: “Risk” has become a major theme in the social sciences over the past two decades. It has been argued to reshape social and political life not only by placing new issues on the agenda but also by generating new “governmental rationalities”. These debates have in various forms also began to influence international studies. It has already been shown that the introduction of risk has altered strategic rationality. An uncertain imagined future of Rumsfeldian “unknown unknowns” has become integral to military strategic thinking. In the process technologies used to wage war and the actors involved have also evolved. Continuing the discussion, this article moves on to look at the implications of these changes for legal and political boundaries in one specific area of international politics; it traces the link between the spread of risk rationality (or governance through risk) and the development of apolitical and unaccountable military markets. Risk rationality creates what I will tentatively term a preventive imperative that tends to spread across areas and is assisted in the process by the rapidly expanding ranks of risk professionals. The preventive imperative is key to the rapid growth of private military markets as well as to the difficulty of politicizing—in the sense of creating a critical public debate—about the market as opposed to about the a given scandal (e.g. Nisour Square incident) or firm (e.g. Blackwater). The difficulty of politicizing the market has strong implications for the (non-)working of accountability. It creates what I will dub an accountability paradox where the way accountability is pursued reinforces the impunity of markets and of specific market actors. The reason is that it pre-empts serious consideration of the public/private enmeshment which is the “blind spot” of present legal instruments and it positively reaffirms existing “regulation” in all its defectiveness. Neither security professionals nor lawyers are susceptible to resolve this paradox. Reference to the CIA “Killing Program” anchors and illustrates the argument. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7965 Files in this item: 1
Risk_working_paper.pdf (145.5Kb) -
Andersen, Torben Juul; Oliviero, Roggi (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Corporate failures, periodic recessions, regional debt crises and volatile financial markets have intensified the focus on risk management as the means to deal with turbulent conditions. The ability to respond effectively to abrupt environmental impacts is considered an important source of competitive advantage. Yet, surprisingly little research has analyzed whether the presumed advantages of effective risk management are associated with superior outcomes. Here we present a comprehensive study of risk management effectiveness and the relationship to corporate performance based on more than 33,500 observations in 3,400 firms over the turbulent 20-year period 1991-2010. Determining effective risk management as the ability to reduce earnings and cash flow volatility, we find that both have significant positive relationships to lagged performance measures after controlling for industry effects, company size and financial leverage. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8697 Files in this item: 1
Torben Andersen Roggi.pdf (135.5Kb) -
Media discourse on environmental crises in SpainHalskov Jensen, Elisabeth (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: ABSTRACT. This paper presents an argumentative case study of the discursive representation of risk, responsibility and political action in the Spanish media. The study uses a critical discourse analytical approach combined with theories on risk, agency and political communication in the media. It is argued that an application of the Toulmin model is useful for eliciting systematic overall repre-sentations of responsibility and agency in environmental crises such as the mad cow crisis as well as for revealing relationships between social domains such as moral, politics, economics and science in discourse. Discourse analysis shows that in the Spanish newspaper sample the focus was on the construal of high risk and on the construal of the national Spanish politicians, the EU and the Brit-ish nation as scapegoats. No responsibility was associated with consumers or other individual players. Political action was transformed into a moral respon-sibility on the part of the national and European politicians, constrained by economic and technical-scientific reality and represented as taking place only in the public sphere. KEY WORDS: CDA, World Risk Society, argumentation, media discourse, argumentation, responsibility, political action, Spanish government, environmental crises. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6851 Files in this item: 1
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Abstract: The paper looks at initiatives taken by the Mexican Employers’ Confederation (COPARMEX) aimed at promoting collaboration among civil society associations around the issue of public safety. Insecurity in the form of robbery, assault and kidnapping causes huge losses to business in Mexico. It is argued that business leaders are seeking to create consensus and form alliances among civil society around the topic of insecurity, both to combat crime but also as a strategy to strengthen links with civil society and improve the image of business, which has suffered due to the increasing resonance of anti-capital and anti-globalisation discourses in the region. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7040 Files in this item: 1
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The Case of Stem CellsBorcha, Kristian; Norus, Jesper (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to explore technological roadmaps to identify key issues concerning the development and utilization of stem cells. From a review of the political decision making processes in three countries, Denmark, the Netherlands, and Germany we suggest that technological roadmapping in this emerging and discontinued technology can provide critical policy information. This type of policy intelligence can be used to rethink the regulatory practices away from today’s framework based regulation of the emerging technologies towards a regulatory policy based on how to develop regulatory practices based on the content and visions of the technologies in question. In the conclusion we discuss that the positive side effect of such a shift in the regulatory paradigm is that technological roadmapping can be used as a planning tool to deal with priorities in the health care system when the technologies are in its embryonic stage. Key words: Stem cell technologies, Roadmap, S&T policy. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6775 Files in this item: 1
wp05-2004.pdf (99.29Kb)