Browsing by Title
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consumer attitudes in UkraineSangwan, Sunanda; Golovkina, Natalia (København, 1999)[More information][Less information]
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Candi, Marina (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The goals of this thesis are to examine new technology-based firms’ use of aesthetic design as an element of service innovation and to explore potential relationships between aesthetic design and performance in this same context. There is a scarcity of research on aesthetic design as an element of service innovation, particularly in new technology-based firms. Because of this scarcity, a hybrid research strategy is appropriate and the empirical basis for this research encompasses multiple case studies, longitudinal quantitative data and evaluations by expert panels. The first phase of the research involves developing an operationalization of design that enables evaluation of aesthetic design as an element of innovation in technology-based firms. The second phase uses case research to explore the role and organization of aesthetic design in service innovation in new technology-based firms. The final phase explores relationships between aesthetic design and performance in the research context. Hypotheses are developed based on existing research, on one hand, and the results of the case research, on the other, and these hypotheses are tested using longitudinal survey-based data. The operationalization of design developed is a three-dimensional model consisting of functional design, visceral design and experiential design. Functional design is concerned with utility, features and delivery; visceral design is concerned with appealing to the human senses; and experiential design is concerned with message, symbols, culture, meaning, and emotional and sociological aspects. Visceral design and experiential design are combined to yield a formative measure of aesthetic design. The findings of the research are that new technology-based firms emphasize functional design over aesthetic design. Emphasis on aesthetic design is related positively with the importance of design in a firms’ sector and founders’ experience of sales and marketing, while it is negatively related with founders’ technical education. In new technology-based firms, aesthetic design can be characterized as being used to exploit or counteract the characteristics that distinguish services from products, namely intangibility, inseparability, heterogeneity and perishability. The application of aesthetic design to counteract these characteristics is more prevalent than exploitation. Aesthetic design in new technology-based firms is found to be primarily silent, meaning that those performing design activities are mostly managers and technical staff engaged in design activities as part of their development efforts and without these activities necessarily being acknowledged as design. The findings regarding the relationship between aesthetic design and performance are that aesthetic design is positively related with competitive advantage, but that this relationship is dependent upon moderating factors. The effectiveness of aesthetic design in achieving competitive advantage through differentiation is found to differ depending on the current stage of commoditization. The greater the level of commoditization of a service the more effectively aesthetic design can be employed to improve competitive advantage. Furthermore, the findings suggest that the objectives underlying managers’ decisions to use aesthetic design in service innovation are attracting new customers, improving firm image and/or retaining existing customers, and doing so at lower cost. Hypothesis testing using longitudinal survey-based data confirms that by and large these benefits are realized by new technology-based firms. This research makes a number of important contributions. The research focus lies in an area where there is little existing research and, thus, the operationalization of aesthetic design developed and the characterization of aesthetic design as an element of service innovation in new technology-based firms constitute important contributions. The characterization provides a picture of the prevalence, roles, organization and actors of aesthetic design in the research context. The research also contributes insight about the relationship between aesthetic design as an element of service innovation and performance of new technologybased firms. The research shows that various positive relationships exist but that they can be contingent upon existing conditions, which act as moderating factors. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7132 Files in this item: 1
marina_candi.pdf (4.416Mb) -
Janning, Finn (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
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Nielsen, Steen; Risager, Ole (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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Junge, Martin; Højbjerg Jacobsen, Rasmus (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Denne rapport afrapporterer CEBR-projektet ”Afviste ansøgere på videregående uddannelser”, som er udført af Rasmus Højbjerg Jacobsen og Martin Junge for DEA. Det overordnede formål med projektet er at beskrive og følge udvalgte årgange af ansøgere, som har søgt ind på videregående uddannelser gennem den koordinerede tilmelding (KOT-årgange). Det er så vidt vides første gang dette udføres i en dansk kontekst. I lyset af debatten om, hvad Danmark skal leve af i fremtiden, hvor uddannelse har været fremhævet som en meget vigtig kilde (se f.eks. De Økonomiske Råd, 2010), kan afviste ansøgere på den ene side være et potentielt spild, hvis de ikke opnår den uddannelse, som de gerne ville have. På den anden side kan der være et ønske om prioritere uddannelserne, så dermed kan det være rationelt, at ikke alle får deres drømmeuddannelse. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8579 Files in this item: 1
Rasmus_H_Jacobsen_2011_a.pdf (362.1Kb) -
Linder, Stefan; Foss, Nicolai J. (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Agency theory studies the problems and solutions linked to delegation of tasks from principals to agents in the context of conflicting interests between the parties. Beginning from clear assumptions about rationality, contracting and informational conditions, the theory addresses problems of ex ante (“hidden characteristics”) as well as ex post information asymmetry (“hidden action”), and examines conditions under which various kinds of incentive instruments and monitoring arrangements can be deployed to minimize the welfare loss. Its clear predictions and broad applicability have allowed agency theory to enjoy considerable scientific impact on social science; however, it has also attracted considerable criticism. [99 words] URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8693 Files in this item: 1
Linder_Foss_SMGWP2013_7.pdf (759.4Kb) -
Complementary Explanations for Subsidiary Power in Multinational CorporationsMudambi, Ram; Pedersen, Torben (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7472 Files in this item: 1
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Case analyses, product development and recommendations including the VIPER studyLyck, Lise (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In this publication SWOT-analyses of each attraction will be followed by an introduction of the history of the different case attractions in the AGORA 2.0 project. After the historic description of each attraction there will be a presentation of the context in which the attraction is situated. There will also be a description of the cliental that visits the attraction. In the last section of each attraction presentation there will be strategic recommendations for how to increase the number of visitors and how to develop a Baltic Sea Region, BSR, tourism product. Furthermore, the transnational products produced in the project will be presented together with the products that are in the pipeline. At the end, the VIPER study that was unfolded during the project period will be examined. The purpose of the historic introduction is to create a platform for a Baltic common values and maybe identity in northern Europe, BSR. By developing this platform for each attraction it will be possible to link the different attractions to a common idea, period, person or time and through this create a common basis for developing transnational tourist attractions in the BSR. Linking the different attractions together will create an opportunity to take advantage of the heritage asset the BSR share but do not currently use for product development and marketing purposes. The physical context, or key influences, of the attraction is the conditions and surroundings such as climate, geography, presence of large towns and airports and so forth. By providing a physical context of the attraction it will be possible to assess the opportunities of the attraction. By doing this, attractions with similar conditions can learn from each other on how to overcome difficulties and how to take advantage of partially or unused opportunities. This also creates an opportunity to continue future cooperation. Two other important factors are language and culture. Language and culture often function as barriers to cooperation because the differences of understanding each other as well as where people come from easily can lead to misunderstandings and difficulties when trying to cooperate. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8710 Files in this item: 1
Lise_Llyck.pdf (3.374Mb) -
Frederiksen, Lars Frode; Hansson, Finn; Wenneberg, Søren Barlebo (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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– Finally Approaching Contestable Markets?Brandt, Knus Kevin (Frederiksberg, 2005)[More information][Less information]
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Fra LCC til FSC: Forretningsmodellernes nuancer og deres indflydelse på profitabilitetenLyck, Lise (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6633 Files in this item: 1
working paper 4 - airways 06.pdf (268.1Kb) -
Rose, Caspar (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Møllgaard, Peter (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Forbrugerrådet og Konkurrence- og Forbrugerstyrelsen har bedt CEBR om at udarbejde studie af den eksisterende1 litteratur om sammenhængen mellem forbruger- og konkurrencepolitik og produktivitet, vækst og velfærd. Målet har været at lave en empirisk og policy-orienteret oversigt, der har leverandørskift og gennemsigtighed som de overordnede indgangsvinkler, selvom også de traditionelle typer forbrugerbeskyttelse (fx fortrydelsesret og klagesystem) som påvirker forbrugerens adfærd i købsøjeblikket behandles. Litteraturgennemgangen kortlægger de kanaler, hvormed forbrugerne påvirker økonomiens performance; identificerer de mest oplagte virkemidler for konkurrence- og forbrugerpolitik; og giver eksempler på forbrugernes rolle i forhold til økonomisk performance. Aktive og kompetente forbrugere er en forudsætning for at få konkurrencen på et marked til at fungere, så varerne bliver billigere og/eller bedre. Hvis forbrugerne ikke reagerer på pris eller kvalitet, er der ikke megen grund til, at leverandørerne skal lægge sig i selen for at levere varer med et rimeligt forhold mellem kvalitet og pris. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8577 Files in this item: 1
Moellgaard_2011.pdf (799.3Kb) -
en sociologi om kendsgerninger, karakker og kammuslingerElgaard Jensen, Torben (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Lad os forestille os, at man som studerende eller forsker nærmer sig en ny teori. Man har nu både hårdt arbejde og en række forvirrende episoder foran sig. Indledningsvis vil man typisk møde den nye teori som en lukket kasse. Man er selv placeret udenfor, men man kan konstatere eller få fortalt, at kassen gør bestemte ting. For eksempel kan man få at vide, at kassen/teorien tager bestemte typer af data ind og sender bestemte typer af forklaringer ud. I et optimistisk øjeblik tænker man måske, at det er relativt entydigt, hvad teorien handler om. Men denne fornemmelse af klarhed varer kun kort. Når man kommer lidt tættere på, opdager man at teorien ikke er én ting, men flere. Der er flere områder, flere væsentlige forfattere og flere varianter af teorien. Dertil kommer, at teorien er karakteriseret ved bestemte relationer: Nogle områder, forfattere og varianter hænger tydeligvis tæt sammen, mens andre har mindre med hinanden at gøre. Det kræver hårdt arbejde at få overblik over disse relationer, men det kan lade sig gøre. Man begynder at sætte pris på review-artikler, og man må i gang med at læse de nøgletekster, som mange refererer til. Efter en ihærdig indsats kan man langsomt vinde klarheden tilbage. Man synes, man er ved at have greb om teorien. Man får måske endda fornemmelsen af at have den i sin hule hånd. Men præcis på dette tidspunkt begynder tingene at glide igen. Man opdager til sin overraskelse - og måske rædsel - at teorien faktisk ikke ligner en lukket kasse. Teorien er i vid udstrækning bygget på et udvalg af ældre teorier, som til lejligheden er blevet fortolket og anvendt på en særlig måde. Desuden er teorien er udviklet i samspil og konflikt med en række samtidige teorier. Teorien har således en livlig og betydningsfuld udenrigspolitik, som man helt har overset fordi man havde travlt med at orientere sig i indenrigspolitikken. De to former for politik kan som bekendt ikke skilles ad, så nu åbner der sig igen en ny horisont: Hvis man skal finde ud af, hvad teorien er, må man opspore dens forbindelser til et sæt af forudgående og samtidige teorier. Hvordan kan man beskrive et fænomen, der i visse øjeblikke ligner en lukket kasse, men som ved nærmere eftersyn består af et uafgrænseligt virvar af elementer og relationer? Dette er i al sin enkelthed og i al sin kompleksitet, hvad aktør-netværksteori (ANT) beskæftiger sig med. ANT er en teori om teorier. Men ANT er også en teori om teknologi, videnskab, sociale aktører, samfund, natur og magt. Alle disse fænomener analyseres med den samme begrebsramme, nemlig den som er antydet i indledningen. Som en første approksimation kan vi sige, at aktørnetværksteori drejer sig om at tænke i punkter og forbindelser fremfor i kasser. I det følgende vil jeg introducere aktørnetværksteori på fra flere forskellige vinkler. Først vil jeg optegne nogle vigtige relationer til andre teoretiske traditioner (udenrigspolitikken) og de væsentligste dele af ANT (indenrigspolitikken). Herefter vil jeg indkredse den særlige analysestrategi som ANT står for. Hvordan analyserer man aktør-netværk? Hvad er de vigtigste analytiske redskaber og fremgangsmåder? og hvad betyder det, at tænke på denne måde? I kapitlets anden del vil jeg gennemgå et antal klassiske ANT-analyser. Formålet med denne gennemgang er dels at give et indtryk af ANTs empiriske og teoretiske bidrag, dels at vise analysestrategien i praksis. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6689 Files in this item: 1
papers in organization, no. 48, 2003.pdf (241.4Kb) -
Foss, Nicolai J.; Klein, Peter G. (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper offers a critical perspective on Israel Kirzner’s basic analytical framework. Specifically, we characterize Kirzner’s emphasis on processes of equilibration as a departure from the causal-realist price theory developed by Menger and his nineteenth- and twentieth-century followers. In this context, we contrast Kirzner’s interpretation of entrepreneurship as discovery with a more realistic, and operationally meaningful, idea of entrepreneurship as action. Finally, we discuss an inconsistency in Kirzner’s treatment of the antecedents of entrepreneurial behavior. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8029 Files in this item: 1
CBS_Forskningsindberetning_SMG_247.pdf (249.8Kb) -
How Managers in Multinational Corporations perceive Stakeholders and Societal ResponsibilitiesRahbek Pedersen, Esben (, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The stakeholder approach has become a popular perspective in mainstream management and corporate social responsibility (CSR) literature. However, it remains an open question how real‐life managers actually view their stakeholders and what rationales are used for making judgments about their relative importance. This article will try to answer these questions by examining who managers in multinational corporations (MNCs) consider as their stakeholders and how they value them. It is concluded that managers still tend to hold a rather narrow (managerial) view of the firm and primarily give priority to stakeholder groups which are directly involved in the core transformation system. The conclusions are derived from interviews and surveys of in total 662 managers in four MNCs. The data is collected as part of RESPONSE: a large EU‐ and corporate‐funded initiative on corporate social responsibility (CSR). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7936 Files in this item: 1
wp cbscsr 2009-5.pdf (567.6Kb) -
An empirical investigation into the alliance capability development processHeimeriks, Koen H.; Duysters, Geert (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This study centers around the way in which firms can enhance alliance performance through the development of alliance capabilities. Whereas most research has focused on inter-firm antecedents of alliance performance, research on intra-firm antecedents pointing to prior experience and internal mechanisms to foster knowledge transfer has only recently emerged. As little is known about how firms develop alliance capabilities, this study aims to uncover how differences in sources of alliance capability development explain performance heterogeneity. The data come from a detailed survey held among alliance managers and Vice-Presidents of 151 firms. The survey covers over 2600 alliances for the period 1997-2001. This study not only finds that alliance capabilities partially mediate between alliance experience and alliance performance, but also yields novel insights into the micro-level building blocks underlying the process of alliance capability development. Key words: alliances, learning, knowledge transfer, alliance experience. JEL classification: L14 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7436 Files in this item: 1
smg-wp-12-2005.pdf (436.2Kb) -
Valentin, Finn; Dahlgren, Henrich (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This study examines R&D-alliances in the biotech sector, where they are particularly prevalent. A novel typology is offered of different alliance types, based on a twodimensional distinction between partners, by their value-chain position, and the direction of alliance deliverables. Using a unique dataset covering all firms specialised in Drug Discovery (DDFs) in Denmark and Sweden in the 1997 to 2004 timeframe, we measure financial performance by the value achieved by the DDF in the financing round immediately subsequent to alliance formation and find divergent effects on financial performance across alliance types. Prior literature has given particular attention to those alliances with large pharmaceutical partners which DDFs enter to collaborate on and to out-license projects from their pipeline. Based on property rights arguments prior studies found that such alliances entered by DDFs subject to capital scarcity detract from their value. We find capital scarcity to have the opposite effect, and offer the explanation that each advance in a drug development project notably increases its value, hence incentivizing the DDF to strain its financial resources to take the project as far as possible before out-licensing it to a pharma partner. For this reason, capital scarcity emerges as the condition, under which pharma alliances are brought to higher levels of value. Concurrently, as financial resources approach exhaustion, the DDF must attract the interest of a pharma-partner with requisite needs. These requirements translate into a complex alignment of burn rates, research achievements and search for best match amongst potential pharma partners. Therefore the capability of a Top Management Team (TMT) to produce this alignment at the right time is exposed to investors more clearly as an attribute of 3 alliances subject to capital scarcity. The resultant increase in investor confidence in the TMT is an additional factor behind the comparatively higher valuations produced by alliances entered under conditions of scarcity. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6774 Files in this item: 1
wp01-2007.pdf (169.7Kb) -
An Eye-tracking and Key-logging StudyHvelplund, Kristian Tangsgaard (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This study is an empirical investigation of translators’ allocation of cognitive resources, and its specific aim is to identify predictable behaviours and patterns of uniformity in translators’ allocation of cognitive resources in translation. The study falls within the process-oriented translation paradigm and within the more general field of cognitive psychology. Based on models of working memory, attentional control, language comprehension and language production, a theoretical framework was developed on which hypotheses were formulated and evaluated. The study’s empirical investigation fell into three major analyses, which each dealt with one aspect of translators’ allocation of cognitive resources: distribution of cognitive resources, management of cognitive resources and cognitive load. Three indicators were identified: total attention duration (TA duration measured in seconds) indicates the distribution of cognitive resources; attention unit duration (AU duration measured in milliseconds) indicates the amount of time allocated between two attention shifts; and pupil size (measured in millimetres) indicates cognitive load, i.e. workload on working memory.... URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8314 Files in this item: 1
Kristian_T_Hvelplund_SL.pdf (4.820Mb) -
Foss, Nicolai J. (København, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The emergence over the last two decades or so of "knowledge” as an important part of the explanatory structure of management research is an intellectual breakthrough that is comparable in terms of its transforming impact to the behavioral revolution of the 1960s. A veritable "knowledge movement” has emerged that spans several fields in management. I take stock on alternative research strategies with that movement, distinguishing between "capabilities first”, "networks first” and "individuals first” strategies. Reasons are given why more research attention need to be allocated to the latter strategy if the knowledge movement is to continue making progress, but that the aim should ultimately be to reach towards multi-level research that combines aggregate constructs with top-down processes and bottom-up processes. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7449 Files in this item: 1
smg wp 2009-01.pdf (238.2Kb)