Titler
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Does Design Affect Participation?Høgenhaven, Thomas (Frederiksberg, 2013)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: Governments in more than 55 countries have signed the international Open Gov-ernment Partnership and are currently implementing open government initia-tives, aiming to make governments and public sectors more collaborative, participatory, transparent, and technology-driven. If successfully implemented, such open government initiatives can improve democracy, efficiency, and innovation. As history demonstrates, it is hard to build sustainable online participation. Merely 25% of online communities gather more than 1,000 members in their lifetime. Most of the other 75 % fail due to lack of participation. Many open gov-ernment communities have shared or are likely to share the same destiny. Giving citizens, companies, and non-governmental organizations the chance to participate in government does not necessarily mean they will do it. Consequently, open government communities face a participation challenge. Current research shows that the design of the community plays a critical role in participation. Some design patterns foster participation while other patterns discourage it. Existing research also demonstrates that insights from the social sciences can be translated into design ideas and thereby help solve the participation problem. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8768 Filer i denne post: 1
Thomas_Hoegenhaven.pdf (6.382Mb) -
Nedergaard, Peter (København, 2005)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: The purpose of this paper is to address two normative and interlinked methodological and theoretical questions concerning the Open Method of Coordination (OMC): First, what is the most appropriate approach to learning in the analyses of the processes of the European Employment Strategy (EES)? Second, how should mutual learning processes be diffused among the Member States in order to be efficient? In answering these two questions the paper draws on a social constructivist approach to learning thereby contributing to the debate about learning in the political science literature. At the same time, based on the literature and participatory observations, it is concluded that the learning effects of the EES are probably somewhat larger than what is normally suggested, but that successful diffusion still depends on a variety of contextual factors. At the end of the paper a path for empirical research based upon a social constructivist approach to learning is suggested. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7364 Filer i denne post: 1
eu-coordination.pdf (183.4Kb) -
Methodological and Theoretical ConsiderationsNedergaard, Peter (København, 2007)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: The purpose of this paper is solely to address two interlinked methodological and theoretical questions concerning the Open Method of Coordination (OMC), using the European Employment Strategy as a case: First, what is the most appropriate approach to learning in the analyses of the processes of the European Employment Strategy (EES)? Second, how is mutual learning processes diffused among the Member States? In answering these two questions the paper draws on a social constructivist approach to learning thereby contributing to the debate about learning in the political science literature. At the same time, based on this concept of learning, it is concluded that the learning effects of the EES are probably somewhat larger than what is normally suggested, but that successful diffusion still depends on a variety of contextual factors. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7338 Filer i denne post: 1
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Beyond the Business CaseHolck, Jesper; Kühn Pedersen, Mogens; Holm Larsen, Michael (København, 2005)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: Lately we have seen a growing interest from both public and private organisations to adopt Open Source Software (OSS), not only for a few, specific applications but also on a more general level throughout the organisation. As a consequence, the organisations’ decisions on adoption of OSS are becoming increasingly more important and complex. We present three perspectives organisations can employ in their decisions: seeing OSS acquisition as a business case, as COTS acquisition, and as architectural change within a governance framework. We present case studies of decisions on OSS adoption, and categorise the decision criteria we have found. Our results indicate that for large-scale adoption of OSS, focus will be on architectural considerations: enterprise-wide architectures will at first be a barrier, but in the long term OSS’s support of open standards can be a major enabler for OSS adoption. In contrast, in smaller organisations and in small-scale adoption of OSS, the cheap price of OSS is a major enabler, as it provides a good opportunity for experiments and short-term economic benefits. For small organisations these experiments can lead to development of a common IT-architecture, and in larger organisations OSS can be adopted in niche-areas, without significantly violating an existing IT-architecture. Keywords: open source, COTS, IT architecture, governance URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6471 Filer i denne post: 1
07_2005.pdf (167.0Kb) -
Implications for the Government PolicyKühn Pedersen, Mogens; Fomin, Vladislav V. (København, 2006)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: Literature review URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6489 Filer i denne post: 1
08_2006.pdf (227.2Kb) -
Lund, Lars (København, 2006)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: The Greenland infrastructure for the airborne traffic uses Kangerlussuaq, Søndre Strømfjord, as hub. New scenarios may change that, and one possibility is the construction of a large airport at Nuuk with a 3000 m runway. The trunk line will then be between Copenhagen and Nuuk. In that case the village Kangerlussuaq will be abandoned. The paper analyses the size of the economic gain to Greenland of such a change. Using official statistics and information collected for the investigation a description is made of the employment structure and the income earned in the trades represented in Kangerlussuaq. It is then discussed to which extent people do tasks that will still be needed with the new structure and to which extent they will be set free to go into alternative production. The last possibility is regarded as a saving or as an increase in resources for Greenland, and the estimate is that this gain will amount to around 40 percent of the contribution to GDP in Kangerlussuaq. The saving is modified a little by the need of some new investments in Nuuk, mostly for housing. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7507 Filer i denne post: 1
wp1-2006.pdf (395.9Kb) -
Transaction cost and property rights perspectives on entrepreneurshipStieglitz, Nils; Foss, Nicolai J. (, 2009)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: Entrepreneurs in a competitive economy face three fundamental problems. They need to search for and discover a business opportunity (Kirzner, 1973), evaluate it (Knight, 1921), and then seize the opportunity to reap entrepreneurial profits (Schumpeter, 1911) (Langlois, 2007). The problem that we address is how the ability to exploit business opportunities is influenced by entrepreneurial search and the economic organization of entrepreneurship (Arrow, 1962; Lippman & Rumelt, 2003; Aghion et al., 2005; Foss et al., 2007). In many cases, the discovery for a new business opportunity needs to be motivated by expected gains, since the search and evaluation of business opportunities is a costly, resource-consuming process (Denrell, Fang & Winter, 2003; Nickerson & Zenger, 2004; Foss & Klein, 2005; Teece, 2007; Foss & Foss, 2008).1 We show the critical role of expectations for understanding of the economic organization of entrepreneurship, and argue that transaction cost economics, with its insistence on bounded rationality, but far-sighted contracting offers useful insights and presents rich opportunities for further theoretical and empirical research (cf. also Furubotn, 2002). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7784 Filer i denne post: 1
SMG WP 2009-04.pdf (208.1Kb) -
Considering systems risk from the offender’s perspectiveWillison, Robert; Backhouse, James (København, 2005)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: Systems risk refers to the likelihood that an IS is inadequately guarded against certain types of damage or loss. While risks are posed by acts of God, hackers and viruses, consideration should also be given to the ‘insider’ threat of dishonest employees, intent on undertaking some form of computer abuse. Against this backdrop, a number of researchers have addressed the extent to which security managers are cognizant of the very nature of systems risk. In particular, they note how security practitioners’ knowledge of local threats, which form part of such risk, is often fragmented. This contributes to situations where risk reducing efforts are often less than effective. Security efforts are further complicated given that the task of managing systems risk requires input from a number of departments including, for example, HR, compliance, IS/IT and physical security. In a bid to complement existing research, but also offer a fresh perspective, this paper addresses systems risk from the offender’s perspective. If systems risk entails the likelihood that an IS is inadequately protected, this text considers those conditions, within the organisational context, which offer a criminal opportunity for the offender. To achieve this goal a model known as the ‘Crime Specific Opportunity Structure’ is advanced. Focussing on the opportunities for computer abuse, the model addresses the nature of such opportunities with regards to the organisational context and the threats posed by rogue employees. Drawing on a number of criminological theories, it is believed the model may help inform managers about local threats and, by so doing, enhance safeguard implementation. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6453 Filer i denne post: 1
10_2005.pdf (413.3Kb) -
internationalization of Danish and Austrian businessesKlinge Jacobsen, Mår; Meyer, Klaus E. (København, 1998)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
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Vangkilde, Mads (København, 2005)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: Purpose: To incorporate the element of sustainability of advantages into the concept of First-Mover Advantage for analysis on grocery e-commerce. Grocery e-commerce is a relatively unexplored phenomenon in Denmark and I seek to explain this via the concept of FMA. In order to fully understand the complexity of the situation, sustainability of advantages needs to be incorporated into the concept. Design: Via a literature review on the subject of first-mover advantage, uncover the lack of sustainability of advantage. Hereafter construct a framework for analysis based on this literature review and coupled with previous empirical findings on grocery e-commerce. Findings: a) Providing insights into the concept of first- mover advantage, b) sustainability of advantages and c) providing a framework for analysis on advantages sought by acting entrepreneurial. Value: The applicability of the concept of first-mover advantage is very descriptive to date. With this paper and hopefully more to follow, I wish to transform the FMA concepts into a tool for analysis addressing the very crucial element that is not dealt with today – sustainability. Keywords : First-Mover Advantage; e-commerce; grocery industry; sustainability URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6658 Filer i denne post: 1
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A Synoptic Overview of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in the Cannabis MarketPflueger, Dane; Martinez, Daniel; Palermo, Tommaso (Frederiksberg, 2015)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: Since 1996, a variety of US states have decriminalized and legalized the use of cannabis for medical and recreational purposes. Today there are only 11 states with total cannabis prohibition (see Figure 1). Each state has developed its own system and standard of legalization/decriminalizetion, and its own form of regulation and oversight of both psychoactive and non-psychoactive cannabis production, processing, sale, and distribution. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9210 Filer i denne post: 1
Pflueger_Martinez_Palermo.pdf (247.3Kb) -
Munk, Claus; Sørensen, Carsten (København, 2000)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
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The Contingent Value of Networked CollaborationVaarst Andersen, Kristina (Frederiksberg, 2011)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: Co-location of industry professionals often leads to development of collaboration networks, and multiple studies have emphasized the benefits of embedded collaboration. Due to higher levels of trust, embedded collaboration reduces transaction costs and facilitates ready knowledge exchanged. Other studies have pointed to dangers of over-embeddedness. The argument is that too high levels of embeddedness lead to habitual thinking, preferential treatment, and thereby mitigate performance. However, research on the conditions under which embeddedness in different types of collaboration networks primarily yields costs or benefits still leaves much to be investigated.... URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8352 Filer i denne post: 1
Kristina_Vaarst_Andersen.pdf (2.825Mb) -
Ghiglino, Christian; Tvede, Mich (København, 1999)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
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Sørensen, Anders (København, 2006)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: Welfare ranking of policy instruments is addressed in a two-sector Ramsey model with monopoly pricing in one sector as the only distortion. When government spending is restricted, i.e. when a government is unable or unwilling to finance the required costs for implementing the optimum policy, subsidies that directly affect investment incentives may generate higher welfare effects than the direct instrument, which is a production subsidy. The driving mechanism is that an investment subsidy may be more cost effective than the direct instrument; and that the relative welfare gain from cost effectiveness can exceed the welfare loss from introducing new distortions. Moreover, it is found that the investment subsidy is gradually phased out of the welfare maximizing policy, which may be a policy combining the two subsidies, when the level of government spending is increased. Keywords: welfare ranking, indirect and direct policy instruments, restricted government spending JEL: E61, O21, O41 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7581 Filer i denne post: 1
wp8-2006.pdf (362.5Kb) -
Lando, Henrik (København, 2000)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
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Lando, Henrik (København, 2008)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: When a court sets standards of due care in a tort or contract case with a view to how the standards will affect future behavior of parties similar to the litigants, it should sometimes realize that only one of the two future parties is likely to become informed of the standards. The standards can then only have a direct effect on the behavior of the informed party, and it may be thought that the court should hold the informed party strictly liable, which maximizes this effect. However, this ignores that the informed party may, although strictly liable, lower her level of care in order to induce the uninformed party to take greater care. In this situation, the negligence rule may do better than strict liability, since the discontinuity of the negligence rule can prevent the informed party from strategically lowering her level of care. Under the negligence rule, optimal standards are sensitive to whether the informed party acts first and to whether she is the injurer or the victim. For both the informed and the uninformed, there are circumstances in which the standard should be higher than first best and other circumstances where it should be lower. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7221 Filer i denne post: 1
wp01-2008.pdf (121.8Kb) -
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URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6659 Filer i denne post: 1
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Blomgren-Hansen, Niels (København, 2008)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: In most countries labor is organzed in cooperating skill-speci c unions rather than in industrial unions or separately bargaining skill-speci c unions. Within an extremely simple model of a small open economy facing imperfect competition we show that this way of organizing labor can be explained as the outcome of rational (optimizing) behavior on the part of the unions and the employers. Organizing labor in local industrial cartels (regardless of skill) or a single economy wide cartel results in a real wage level that is inappropriately low both from the point of view of labor and the society as a whole unless labor has close to monopoly power in the wage setting process. Organizing labor in local or economy wide skill-speci c unions may result in a wage level that is too high. In addition, a labor market organized in non-cooperating unions is likely to be unstable. This dilemma calls for a compromise: A cartel of cooperating, independent skill-speci c unions. The degree and the form of the cooperation depend inter alia on the bargaining power of the employer, the number of skills and competing rms and the rigidity with which the unions enforce lines of demarcations. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7599 Filer i denne post: 1
wp3-2008.pdf (467.4Kb) -
Klingler, Sven; Kim, Young Shin; Rachev, Svetlozar T.; Fabozzi, Frank J. (, 2013)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: In this paper, we introduce two new six-parameter processes based on time-changing tempered stable distributions and develop an option pricing model based on these processes. This model provides a good t to observed option prices. To demonstrate the advantages of the new processes, we conduct two empirical studies to compare their performance to other processes that have been used in the literature. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9104 Filer i denne post: 1
sven_klingler_option_pricing.pdf (279.7Kb)