Browsing by Title
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Christiansen, Thomas Ulrich; Juel Henrichsen, Peter (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Digital hearing aids use a variety of advanced digital signal processing methods in order to improve speech intelligibility. These methods are based on knowledge about the acoustics outside the ear as well as psychoacoustics. This paper investigates the recent observation that speech elements with a high degree of information can be robustly identified based on basic acoustic properties, i.e., function words have greater spectral tilt than content words for each of the 18 Danish talkers investigated. In this paper we examine these spectral tilt differences as a function of time based on a speech material six times the duration of previous investigations. Our results show that the correlation of spectral tilt with information content is relatively constant across time, even if averaged across talkers. This indicates that it is possible to devise a robust method for estimating information density in the speech signal based on computationally simple short-term band-level differences. The principle described here has the potential to improve speech transduction in hearing aids and cochlear implants. In addition, the concept of information-based speech transduction may also be applicable in automatic speech recognition systems. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8617 Files in this item: 1
Peter_Juel_Henrichsen_1.pdf (478.2Kb) -
Mahnke, Volker; Aadne, John Harald (København, 1997)[More information][Less information]
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[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Hvordan kan man forklare, at små, nystartede, ressourcesvage virksomheder er i stand til at udfordre og sommetider udkonkurrere store, markedsledende foretagender – ofte med utroligt enkle virkemidler? Som er i stand til at ændre spillets regler på trods af intens konkurrence og høje adgangsbarrierer. Praksis viser, at teknologiske opdagelser, produktmæssig nyskabelse, speciel heldig timing eller særlig passivitet fra konkurrenters side langtfra altid er forklaring nok. Der må med andre ord eksistere en unik innovationsform eller -formel, der kan føre til konkurrencefordele ad helt andre veje! Dette paper præsenterer og diskuterer en sådan anden opfattelse af innovation og viden med fokus på den virksomhed eller iværksætter, som ikke har andet at ty til end idérigdom. Som er nødt til at bryde med spillets regler og betræde helt nye stier for at kunne konkurrere. Det har jeg kaldt strategisk innovation. Konklusionen er, at strategisk innovation frembringes af særlige kompetencer. Kompetencer, som den lille, ressourcemæssigt underlegne virksomhed eller outsideren har mindst lige så store chancer for at beherske som etablerede spillere i markedet. Nøglen til strategisk innovation er kreativ markedsviden omsat til ny, overraskende forretningslogik! URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6303 Files in this item: 1
wp4-2005.pdf (249.2Kb) -
A Meta AnalysisMeyer, Klaus E.; Sinani, Evis (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The extensive empirical literature analyzing productivity spillovers from foreign direct investment to local firms provides inconclusive results. Some studies find that foreign presence has a positive impact on the productivity of domestic firms, while others find no evidence or a negative effect. Differences in the results may be attributable to contexts, such as the structural differences between developed, developing and transition economies. However, results may also vary due to different empirical methodologies, notably the use of aggregate versus firm-level data and cross-section versus panel data analysis. We conduct a meta-analysis to investigate reasons for these conflicting results, and provide a revised interpretation of earlier research and its policy implications, and new priorities for future research. Our analysis suggests that the hypothesized spillovers are not confirmed for industrialized countries in the 1990s. Transition economies may experience spillovers, but these have been declining in recent years. Keywords: developing countries, transition economies, spillovers, foreign direct investment, technology transfer, meta-analysis URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6540 Files in this item: 1
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exploring the role of local externalities and global networksJensen, Camilla (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Margrethe; Birgit; Mette; Nanna; Mikkel Bülow; Alex; Helle (, )[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Den globale borger skal kunne klare sig i en stadig mere kompleks verden – en verden der står åben for nye generationer af unge danskere. Den stigende kompleksitet betyder at det danske uddannelsessystem stilles over for nye udfordringer. Danmark er specielt udfordret af globaliseringen: Det danske sprogområde er lille, men samtidig skal vi sikre at de bedste internationale hjerner vælger at arbejde for vores virksomheder, og vi skal kunne agere klogt i den sproglige og kulturelle mangfoldighed globaliseringen indebærer. Udviklingen gennem de seneste årtier har dog indikeret ,at Danmark går i den forkerte retning hvad angår uddannelsessystemets evne til at motivere de unges tilegnelse af kultur- og sprogkompetencer. Fremmedsprogsdisciplinerne, hvorfra såvel fremmedsprogs- som kulturkompetencer forventes at udspringe,opfattes gennemgående som lavstatusfag i gymnasiet og færre og færre unge vælger at dygtiggøre sig inden for de traditionelle fremmedsprogsdiscipliner, bl.a. fordi de ikke kan se at kompetencer fra disse discipliner bidrager væsentligt til en spændende karriere. For fremadrettet at kunne forholde sig til de udfordringer som gymnasiet står overfor i forhold til at gøre kommende medarbejdere interkulturelt handlingskompetente, har Projekt Sprogkernen afdækket fremmedsprogenes udfordringer i gymnasiet og kommer i denne rapport med anbefalinger til en ændring/fornyelse af kernefagligheden i fremmedsprogsundervisningen i de gymnasiale uddannelser. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8320 Files in this item: 1
Sprogkernen.pdf (1.681Mb) -
En rapport fra implementering af Sprogkernen I’s anbefalingerLenstrup, Christine; Faizi, A. Zaki; Pals Svendsen, Lisbet; Mondahl, Margrethe (, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Formålet med denne rapport er at undersøge i hvilket omfang IKT skaber motivation, interaktion, samarbejde og refleksion i forbindelse med tilegnelsen af interkulturel handlingskompetence. Vores hypotese er, at anvendelsen af forskellige former for IKT i undervisningen kan være med til at øge elevernes motivation og arbejdsindsats og derigennem også deres udbytte af undervisningen, således at eleverne opnår en højere grad af deep learning end uden IKT. For at eftervise vores hypotese, gennemførte vi i efteråret og vinteren 2011/2012 kvalitative empiriske undersøgelser i samarbejde med to udvalgte gymnasieskoler. Mere præcist udførte vi fokusgruppeinterviews med elever og lærere. Efter at have analyseret vores data, kom vi frem til nogle resultater, hvoraf nogle er positive og andre mindre positive: • IKT skaber motivation • IKT har en positiv effekt på interaktion og samarbejde • IKT fremmer elevernes evne til at reflektere over egen læring Men: • IKT fører ikke nødvendigvis til internalisering af viden • IKT kan opfattes som useriøst og irrelevant i en læringssammenhæng Baseret på ovennævnte resultater, når vi frem til følgende 4 anbefalinger: • IKT skal italesættes i langt højere grad end hidtil og bør være tydeligt defineret som en løftestang i læringskonteksten • IKT skal italesættes systematisk, således at det er et relevant læringsværktøj • IKT muliggør etablering af sociale kontekster, som kan etablere interaktion med andre sprogbrugere, og bør derfor tilpasses den didaktiske kontekst og eksponere eleverne mindre end traditionel klasseundervisning. • IKT-‐anvendelse bør evalueres løbende i forhold til fagrelevans og læringsmål URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8638 Files in this item: 1
Rapport_SprogkernenII.pdf (849.4Kb) -
Corporate Social Responsibility Versus Regulation. A Study of a Trust-Recovery ProcessLauesen, Linne Marie (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: After the recent financial crisis issues of trust1breakdown in various business sectors and the public sector have occurred. The question of whether corporate social responsibility can be used as a link of trust between business and society is the issue that this paper wants to explore. This paper investigate how trust in businesses and institutions can be recovered and which role if any corporate social responsibility plays in it. A study of a process from trust1 breakdown to trust1recovery in the Danish water sector from 2003 till 2013 is revealed, which can be used to inform other kinds of trust1recovery processes in the aftermath of the financial crisis. From this study trust1recovery is found to depend on stakeholders’ mutual engagement with each other and their willingness to share knowledge and learn from each other’s professional and institutional cultures and languages. An alignment of vocabularies of motives between regulation and voluntary corporate social responsibility is found viable for building trust between the conflicting parties. The findings have prospects reaching out of its local context and can be used in processing trust1recovery in other sectors that suffers from severe trust1breakdowns in the aftermath of the global economic crisis such as governance systems in both the public and private sector. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8776 Files in this item: 1
Linne LAUESEN_1.pdf (1.284Mb) -
Bordum, Anders (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
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a matter of contractual failuresRose, Caspar (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Abstract: This article analyzes the conflict of interests between shareholders and other stakeholders, including when such conflicts of interests may arise. It is argued that shareholder value cannot be justified simply by referring to any prerogative property rights of the shareholders. Instead, shareholder value coincides with the efficient hypothetical perfect contract. However, due to contractual failures in certain bargain situations, management may be unable to "internalize the firms externalities". This means that in these situations there is a tradeoff between a broad duty of loyalty for management in listed firms and other traditional remedies. The theoretical insights are applied on a case from the Danish Supreme Court (Louis Poulsen A/S) where the interests of the stakeholders were decisive. However, it is shown that the verdict may instead harm the relevant stakeholders illustrating how cautious the legal system should use a doctrine based on the "company’s interests". In addition, the notion of a firm’s social responsibility is critically evaluated together with the associated pitfalls of accepting this concept. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6796 Files in this item: 1
wplefic162003.pdf (375.9Kb) -
an Organic ModelLauesen, Linne Marie (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Stakeholder management has for the last three decades been concerned either with strategic business management or business ethics, values and quality. Many models have been developed, but recently the literature asks for more dynamic models instead of the staticism that characterizes some models. This paper offers an ‘Organic Stakeholder Model’ based on decision making theory, risk assessment and adaption to a rapidly changing world combined with appropriate stakeholder theory for ethical purposes in decision making processes in businesses. The ‘Organic Stakeholder Model’ is based on empirical evidence from hybrid organizations as Publicly Owned Enterprises (POEs) mixed of private corporations and political administration. The model offers a new way of combining risk management with ethical decisionmaking processes by the inclusion of multiple stakeholders. Not only does the model apply to these kinds of hybrid organizations, but it is easily adopted and tested for other private business models too. The findings and the conceptualization of the model enhances business ethics in decision making by managing and balancing stakeholder concerns with the same concerns as the traditional risk management models does – for the sake of the wider social responsibilities of the businesses and its stakeholders. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8734 Files in this item: 1
Lauesen.pdf (1.203Mb) -
Andersen, Steffen; Ertaç, Seda; Gneezy, Uri; Hoffman, Moshe; List, John A. (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
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Privat produktpolitik i det indre markedFrankel, Christian; Højbjerg, Erik (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: De politiske og administrative studier af det indre markeds færdiggørelse har overvejende fokuseret på, hvordan gennemførelsen er bundet til en forandring af kompetence‐ og arbejdsdelingen mellem de eksisterende EU institutioner og medlemslandene. Et sådant EU internt fokus ser imidlertid bort fra, at væsentlige dele af gennemførelsen allerede i 1987 med Fællesaktens vedtagelse blev overladt til de private europæiske standardiseringsorganisationer (ESO2). Når man tænker på, hvor vigtig en rolle disse organisationer er tildelt i udviklingen af det indre marked, kan det undre, at denne uddelegering hidtil ikke har været belyst i nævneværdigt omfang. For det første synes uddelegeringen at indeholde demokratiske udfordringer, fordi private aktører gennem medlemsskab af de autonome europæiske standardiseringsorganisationer deltager direkte og i et vist omfang uden for politisk og administrativ kontrol i at fastlægge reglerne for markedsførelsen af varer i det indre marked. For det andet rejser uddelegeringen en række analytiske spørgsmål om, hvor EU integrationens institutionelle locus skal findes, når sikringen af EUs politiske målsætninger med det indre marked er afhængig af en inter‐organisatorisk koordination mellem EU og ESO. Udover at det indre marked er betinget af institutionelle forandringer inden for rammerne af EU er det ligeledes afhængig af en institutionsdannelse mellem de gensidigt autonome organisationer EU og ESO. Endelig, for det tredje, indebærer uddelegeringen en særskilt udfordring for ESO. I takt med at europæisk teknisk standardisering skal indfri bredere samfundsmæssige og politiske hensyn i markedsdannelsesprocessen er der risiko for, at én af de bærende principper i standardiseringsarbejdet, nemlig frivilligheden, sættes under pres. Der er sandsynligvis grænser for, hvad teknisk standardisering kan levere i forhold til samfundsmæssig regulering uden at undergrave sin egen logik. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8717 Files in this item: 1
Frankel_Højbjerg.pdf (210.9Kb) -
Business Relationship Resroration After Severe Norm Violation Episodes.Houman Andersen, Poul; Ellegaard, Chris (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Relational norms provide behavioural guidelines for individual actors interacting in business relationships. Frequently, norms are violated and the involved actors initiate a normalization process to restore exchange order. However, in rare instances violations occur with a severity where the exchange cannot be normalized by the means available in the interpersonal relationship. Furthermore, dissolution is not an option due to high perceived dependence. In this paper, we report on an investigation of three such severe norm violation episodes. We identify the violated norm sets and violating behaviours of core actors along with emotional reactions and effects on the business exchange. In addition, we map the processes of violation and normalization. We find evidence of serial norm violations, causing the interpersonal relationship to enter a state of suspension. Furthermore, cross case analysis shows that exchange was normalised through an organizational level process of alternative actor channel activation and executive intervention. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8228 Files in this item: 1
Ellegaard_2010_IMP.pdf (223.0Kb) -
The role of the state in the development and reproduction of "the Danish model”Kaspersen, Lars Bo; Schmidt-Hansen, Ulrich (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In the literature on the establishment and development of the Danish variant of corporatism, emphasis has most often been on the role of the social partners. Scholars rarely stress the crucial role which the state has played in the development of the system. We argue that several actors contributed to the development of the ‘Danish model’, but that these actors were often orchestrated by the state. At crucial moments the direction of these different actors was even determined by the state. In the first part of the article, it is argued that the state has been under-theorized and to some extent neglected in corporatist theory. In particular, we draw upon a conceptualization of the state developed by Michael Mann and Eric Nordlinger’s different forms of state autonomy. We propose a state-centered theoretical focus enabling us to grasp the role of the state in the dynamics of the corporatist system. In the second part of the article, we present an analysis of the establishment and evolution of the Danish corporatist system seen from this distinctively state-centered perspective. In the third part we look into the current system during the last decade of the 20th century. By newly- conducted empirical research, we examine the role of the state in the corporatist system during the 1990s in the labour market and within immigration integration policy. We conclude that due to its autonomous power, the state is still a key player in the corporatist system. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7362 Files in this item: 1
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Chong, Sabrina; Wad, Peter (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Offshore outsourcing of business activities from the Global North to the Global South does not only relocate investments and jobs, but has also brought about new business demands on suppliers activities and their social and environmental impact. The article explores whether, how and why offshore outsourcing transactions between foreign firms and Malaysian firms affect the upgrading of the CSR activities of Malaysia incorporated firms, taking the particular institutional context of Malaysia into consideration. The focus is on recipient country vendors, contract manufacturers or subcontractors and their reception of and strategising about corporate social responsibility. The findings of the study indicate, firstly, that the amount of foreign (sub)contracting influences the CSR strategising of domestic firms while the global value chain position is only conditioning the offshore outsourcing portfolio. Secondly, both the corporate governance of Malaysian affiliate and the Malaysian government play an important role shaping the perception, rhetoric and organisation of CSR activities by firms in Malaysia with a domestic value chain position. Hence, firms in Malaysia are squeezed by international business linkages and the local institutional context. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6757 Files in this item: 1
wps-2007_no.7.pdf (420.9Kb) -
Algren, Casper; Kotzab, Herbert (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Purpose: We have examined which dimensions are used by the largest Danish manufacturing companies to measure SCPM at operational, tactical and strategic level, how can these dimensions be classified, and how do these empirical results have implications for practice and selected SCPM-theories. Design/methodology/approach: A deductive structure based on a theoretical framework was used to design an empirical investigation of 54 Danish manufacturing companies, which all have revenue of more than DKK 500 million. Furthermore, qualitative investigation was done by analyzing four casecompanies in order to get a more in-depth picture of how SCPM is used in practice. Findings: The four most used SCPM metrics have downstream focus. Companies that use SCPM have a more deliberated split between metrics with focus on operational, tactical and strategic level. While the quantitative data indicates that non-financial measurements are most frequently used, the qualitative data implies that the companies use financial measures as basis for performance measurement and that results from non-financial measures have second priority. Research limitations/implications (if applicable): The model is limited to large Danish industrial companies and we propose to widen the model to upstream and downstream supply chain partners. Practical implications (if applicable): The paper shows the most important and most frequently used supply chain relevant key performance indicators as well as a process model of how to implement supply chain performance measurement in a company. Original/value: This paper closes the gap between theory and practice within the area of performance measurement and management within the context of supply chain management. The proposed SCPM model has been theoretically developed and empirically validated. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8331 Files in this item: 1
hkotzab_konf_juni_2011.pdf (632.3Kb) -
Pedersen, Ove Kaj (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: For blot 15 år siden var det ved at blive en veletableret kendsgerning, at den suveræne stat eller den nationale stat var blevet ”svækket”, ”udhulet”, eller på anden vis ændret i retning af at blive en mindre vigtig faktor i organiseringen af sociale, økonomiske og politiske – nationale såvel som internationale - relationer. Den australske politolog Linda Weiss kritiserede denne trend og kaldte den for ”The State Denial”1. Hun henviste til en lang tradition for at trivialisere statens samfundsmæssige rolle indenfor samfundsvidenskaberne, men fremhævede også, hvordan trivialiseringen i 80`erne og 90`erne skabte en udbredt skepsis over for, at de nationale stater havde ressourcer og handlerum til at modstå kapitalstrømmenes globalisering og politikkens europæisering. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7372 Files in this item: 1
wp cbp 2008-59.pdf (167.4Kb) -
evalueringsrapport over Master of Public AdministrationRy Nielsen, Jens Carl (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Med denne rapport ønsker vi at gøre status over de første 9 år med uddannelsen til Master of Public Administration (MPA) ved Handelshøjskolen i København. Grundlaget for rapporten er en selvevaluering, der i 2002 blev udarbejdet til den første officielle evaluering af masteruddannelser i Danmark. Danmarks Evalueringsinstitut under Undervisningsministeriet gennemførte her en evaluering af MPA-uddannelsen samt uddannelsen til Master of Public Management (MPM) ved Syddansk Universitet og uddannelsen til Master of Public Policy (MPP) ved Roskilde Universitetscenter. Resultatet af evalueringen er fremlagt i en samlet rapport: "Masteruddannelser" fra september 2003. Den eksterne evaluering giver MPA-uddannelsen en særdeles positiv vurdering, men indeholder også konstruktiv kritik. Generelt er studieledelsen og lærergruppen naturligvis meget glade for evalueringen, som til fulde bekræfter, at MPA-uddannelsen er et godt produkt, der har bevist sin berettigelse de seneste 9 år. I rapporten fra Danmarks Evalueringsinstitut indgår der naturligvis mange elementer fra MPA’s selvevalueringsrapport, men studieledelsen på MPA har skønnet, at en forkortet og revideret udgave af denne rapport kunne være nyttig i forbindelse med information om MPA-uddannelsen til ansøgere, aftagere, nye undervisere, rådgivere og andre interesserede. Denne reviderede rapport udgør derfor et vigtigt vidnesbyrd om grundlaget for og de løbende justeringer af uddannelsen. Rapporten indgår samtidig som et afgørende grundlag for det udviklingsarbejde, der i 2003 er sat i gang med henblik på at på at revidere og præcisere MPA-uddannelsens kompetenceprofil og herved fremtidssikre et godt produkt. J.C. Ry Nielsen, der er en af grundlæggerne af uddannelsen og i dag vicestudieleder for den internationale del, har på studieledelsens foranledning bearbejdet selvevalueringsrapporten til den her foreliggende udgave. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6716 Files in this item: 1
statusrapport.pdf (261.6Kb) -
Woodland, Alan D.; Raimondos-Møller, Pascalis (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper introduces the concept of a steepest ascent tariff reform for a small open economy. By construction, it is locally optimal in that it yields the highest gain in utility of any feasible tariff reform vector of the same length. Accordingly, it provides a convenient benchmark for the evaluation of the welfare effectiveness of other well known tariff reform rules, as e.g. the proportional and the concertina rules. We develop the properties of this tariff reform, characterize the sources of the potential welfare gains from tariff reform, use it to establish conditions under which some existing reforms are locally optimal, provide geometric illustrations and compare welfare effectiveness of reforms using numerical examples. Moreover, being a general concept, we apply it to the issue of market access and examine its implications. Overall, the paper’s contribution lies in presenting a theoretical concept where the focus is upon the size of welfare gains accruing from tariff reforms rather than simply with the direction of welfare effects that has been the concern of the literature. JEL code: F15. Keywords: Steepest ascent tariff reforms; piecemeal tariff policy; welfare; market access; small open economy. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7565 Files in this item: 1
wp4-2006.pdf (393.9Kb)