Browsing by Title
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Raimondos-Møller, Pascalis; Kreickemeier, Udo (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We show that the standard concertina result for tariff reforms – i.e. lowering the highest tariff increases welfare – no longer holds in general if we allow for international capital mobility. The result can break down if the good whose tariff is lowered is not capital intensive. If the concertina reform lowers welfare it lowers market access as well, thereby compromising a second goal that is typically connected with trade liberalisation. JEL-Classification: F11, F13, F15 Key words: Trade Policy Reform, International Factor Mobility, Welfare, Market Access URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7637 Files in this item: 1
wp5-2006.pdf (157.8Kb) -
Christensen, Jens; Hansen, Ernst; Lando, David (Frederiksberg, 2002)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper addresses the estimation of default probabilities and associated confidence sets with special focus on rare events. Research on rating transition data has documented a tendency for recently downgraded issuers to be at an increased risk of experiencing further downgrades compared to issuers that have held the same rating for a longer period of time. To capture this non-Markov effect we introduce a continuous-time hidden Markov chain model in which downgrades firms enter into a hidden, ’excited’ state. Using data from Moody’s we estimate the parameters of the model, and conclude that both default probabilities and confidence sets are strongly influenced by the introduction of hidden excited states. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8139 Files in this item: 1
x656444400.pdf (297.7Kb) -
Addressing the Procedural Stages of Computer Crime in an Organisational ContextWillison, Robert (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: IS security represents a growing concern for organisations. Although hackers and viruses are often the basis of such concerns, the inside threat of employee computer crime should not be underestimated. From an academic perspective, there are a modest but growing number of texts which examine the ‘insider’ problem. While attention has been given to the influence on offender actions through deterrent safeguards, there has been a lack of insight into the interactive relationship between offender choices made during the actual perpetration of computer crimes, and the context in which such crimes take place. Knowledge of this relationship would be of obvious interest to practitioners who would aim to manipulate the environment and influence offender choices accordingly. To address this oversight, this paper, therefore, advances two criminological theories which it is argued can be used to examine the stages an offender must go through in order for a crime to be committed i.e. the ‘procedural stages’ of computer crime. Hence, this paper illustrates how the two theories, entitled the rational choice perspective and situational crime prevention, can be applied to the IS domain, thereby offering a theoretical basis on which to analyse offender choices/behaviour during perpetration. Through such an analysis greater insights may be offered into selecting appropriate safeguards to prevent computer crime. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6462 Files in this item: 1
09_2005.pdf (436.8Kb) -
Nistrup Madsen, Bodil; Erdman Thomsen, Hanne; Lassen, Tine; Pram Nielsen, Louise; Odgaard, Anna Elisabeth; Hoffmann, Pia Lyngby (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In this paper we will describe some problems related to the defini-tion of a set of data categories as well as to the import and merging of data from various resources. First, we illustrate how organizing a taxonomy of data cate-gories is facilitated by using the principles for creating a terminological ontolo-gy (or concept system). Next, we discuss how multiple terminological entries referring to the same concept can be identified with the purpose of merging them. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8491 Files in this item: 1
Nistrup_Erdman.pdf (833.3Kb) -
Kaisla, Jukka (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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An institutionalist perspective on international managementHull Kristensen, Peer; Morgan, Glenn (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Multinationals are faced with the problem of how to coordinate different actors and stop ‘fiefdoms’ emerging that inhibits the achievement of transnational cooperation? We identify this as a problem of ‘constitutional ordering’ in the firm. Drawing on Varieties of Capitalism approaches, we explore how multinationals from different contexts seek to create constitutional orders. We argue that the models which exist appear to be destructive of coordination. We explore the implications for MNCs. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7340 Files in this item: 1
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Negotiating the EU Internal Market for ProductsHøjbjerg, Erik; Frankel, Christian (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The EU internal market has predominantly been studied in terms of changes in delegation of authority and division of labor between EU institutions and member states. However, this EU internal focus ignores that already in 1987 the completion of the internal market was substantially left to the private European standardization organizations (ESO). The paper addresses two fundamental challenges in this transnational, public-private, and internal-external delegation of authority. First, it involves a governance challenge, because private actors are directly involved – but to a certain extent outside EU political and administrative control – in the constitution of the internal market. Second, the delegation raises important analytical questions concerning the identification of the institutional locus of European integration, when the realization of the political goals with the internal market is dependent on an inter-organizational coordination between the EU and ESO. Applying the analytical concept of a ‘policy field’ the analysis shows how the completion of the internal market fundamentally challenges institutionalized conceptions of the role of politics in constituting markets. Keywords: Internal market, policy field, technical standards, transnationalization, new approach harmonization, private product policy URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6406 Files in this item: 1
wp10-2004.pdf (170.3Kb) -
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Abstract: Manglen på en fælles europæisk offentlighed er et af de karakteristika, der oftest nævnes som begrænsende omstændighed for den europæiske integration. Uden et fælles offentligt rum, hvor synspunkter kan udveksles og en offentlig mening samt en bredere fornemmelse af fællesskab af kollektiv europæisk identitet kan opstå, kan den Europæiske Union (EU) ikke styrke sin demokratiske legitimitet, og unionen må derfor fortsætte med at legitimere sig gennem de nationale demokratier, lyder argumentet. I de senere år har den europæiske udvikling imidlertid i stigende grad bevæget sig fra mellemstatsligt til overstatsligt samarbejde, og i den anledning er en række initiativer, der dels søger at sikre det formelle, legale grundlag for et sådant overstatsligt samarbejde, dels søger at involvere medlemslandenes befolkninger mere aktivt og direkte, blevet iværksat. Disse initiativer kan samles under betegnelsen debatten om Europas fremtid, der i denne afhandling står for totaliteten af nationale og overnationale meningsdannelsesprocesser rettet mod reformeringen af EU's eksisterende traktatmæssige grundlag. Den igangværende reformproces kan siges for alvor at have taget form og retning i løbet af 2000 og at have nået et foreløbigt klimaks med stats- og regeringsledernes vedtagelse af en europæisk forfatningstraktat i juni 2004. Processen vil finde sin endelige afslutning, når traktaten enten er blevet ratificeret i alle medlemslandene, hvad enten denne godkendelse sker glat eller traktaten forkastes i et eller flere lande og må igennem yderligere bearbejdning, eller den er blevet forkastet, fordi det har vist sig umuligt at opnå alle medlemslandenes tilslutning til den. Denne afhandling fokuserer på debatten om Europas fremtids tidligste stadier fra debatten blev lanceret og officielt anerkendt som en ny reformrunde i 2000 til den i december 2001 blev institutionaliseret med beslutningen om at nedsætte det såkaldte europæiske konvent. Afhandlingen analyserer udvalgte tekster, der dels dækker den udvalgte periode, dels repræsenterer forskellige nationale og overnationale dimensioner af debatten. Det overnationale aspekt udtrykkes primært i to erklæringer udstedt af det europæiske råd, det vil sige alle EU's medlemslandes statsog regeringschefer i enhed; en tale holdt af præsidenten for den europæiske kommission, Romano Prodi, udgør en yderligere overnational dimension. Fem nationale kontekster - Danmark, England, Frankrig, Spanien og Tyskland - inddrages, og disse kontekster studeres dels gennem taler afholdt af ledende politikere, dels gennem den nationale pressedækning af de i alt seks taler og de to erklæringer. Undersøgelsen foregår således at taler og erklæringer opfattes som initiativer på pressedækningen responderer, og det overordnede formål er at udfinde blivende nationale særpræg og fremkommende europæiske ligheder. Projektets grundlæggende perspektiv er retorisk: meningsdannelse af en hver slags det være sig politisk mening som den, der studeres, og akademisk mening som den, der søges produceret opfattes som en retorisk proces. Det vil sige at meningsdannelse er en kommunikativ handling, der både muliggøres og begrænses af den kontekst hvori den indgår. Mening opstår i et gensidigt konstituerende samspil mellem den overordnede helhed og den konkrete artikulation, mellem de forventninger kommunikationen er underlagt og den kreativitet kommunikatøren lægger for dagen. Meningsdannelsen i det udvalgte tekstlige materiale erklæringer, taler, avisartikler - analyseres ud fra denne grundlæggende opfattelse, og der benyttes konkrete retoriske analyseredskaber. Afhandlingen har dog også et vigtigt tværfagligt element: samfundsvidenskabelige teoridannelser om legitimitet, identitet og offentlig mening informerer både forståelsen af den europæiske integrationsproces som sådan og analysen af den aktuelle europæiske debat. Spørgsmålet er dels hvordan legitimitet, identitet og offentlig mening benyttes i debatten, altså hvordan allerede fastsatte betydninger af begreberne inddrages i den tekstuelle meningsdannelse, dels hvordan legitimering, identifikation og offentlig meningsdannelse skabes i debatten. Endelig vurderes det hvilke(n) teoretisk forståelse af de tre begreber og deres indbyrdes relationer i den europæiske kontekst, der bedst reflekterer og forklarer den sociale virkelighed debatten konstituerer. De analytiske hovedpointer er, at debatten om Europas fremtid er kendetegnet ved en samlende tidslig kraft og en spredende rumlig dimension. Debatten er karakteriseret ved en rekursiv fremdrift, således at meningsdannelsen gennem periodevis gentagelse af visse temaer og retoriske strategier bevæger sig i retning af den endelige vedtagelse af den nye grundtraktat. Disse gentagne temaer og deres formulering er fælles for både de overnationale ytringer og for tekster, der udgår fra de fem nationale kontekster, og jeg betegner dem konstitutive dikotomier. En konstitutiv dikotomi er et modsætningsforhold, i den europæiske debats tilfælde kan dette som oftest føres tilbage til en kontrast mellem nationalt tilhørsforhold og europæisk integration, hvis spænding søger overført til og udløst i skabelsen af det reformerede EU. Udover disse fælles temaer, der både inkluderer begrundelser for nødvendigheden af reform og debat, fastsættelse af hvad og hvordan der skal reformeres og debatteres, og egentlige forslag til reform, er der unikke forhold ved hver ytrings konkrete udsigelsessituation, og der er specifikke karakteristika ved hver af de nationale kontekster både hvad angår det der debatteres og måden der debatteres på. Således er man i den engelske og den danske kontekst konstant optaget af at italesætte EU og debatten om Europas fremtid som et konkret rum med et bestemt indhold, mens man i Frankrig og Spanien ser det europæiske projekt og reformprocessen som en abstrakt tidslig proces med et bestemt indhold. I Tyskland er man primært optaget af unionens institutionelle form og ligeledes af debattens formelle rammer, og man indskriver disse i konkrete geografiske og fysiske rum. Rent overnationale artikulationer er typisk både abstrakte i deres opfattelse af EU som en tidslig proces og i deres fokus på unionens og debattens form. Den endelige vurdering af den europæiske meningsdannelse, der konstitueres i og med debatten om Europas fremtid, peger på at EU er en konstant tilblivende størrelse. Den Europæiske offentlige debat i alle dens forskellige fremtoninger er en genuint konstituerende proces, men den er ikke karakteriseret ved et konstitutionelt øjeblik, hvor det europæiske folk kan siges at være gået sammen om at etablere det europæiske politiske system en gang for alle. EU finder sin legitimitet og den europæiske kollektive identitet fremkommer i den kontinuerlige og vidt forgrenede offentlige meningsdannelsesproces. Debattens målsætning, der i øvrigt også er EUs nye motto, er enighed i forskellighed, en konstitutiv dikotomi, der kun bevarer sin skabende kraft gennem konstant artikulation. Afhandlingen bidrager til den empiriske forståelse af en fremkommende europæisk offentlighed, der realiseres i løse koblinger mellem situationelt bundne artikulationer. Afhandlingen viser at genuin europæisk meningsdannelse endnu kun er en svag afskygning af de meninger, der artikuleres på nationalt niveau. Jeg konkluderer at en mere ensartet europæisk meningsdannelse ikke er en nødvendig forudsætning for borgernes fremtidige identifikation med og legitimering af EU, men at de forskellige kommunikative rum må bindes sammen i et tættere netværk, hvor man indenfor hver kontekst er opmærksom på de omgivende meningsdannelsesprocesser, og der i højere grad sker en udveksling af informationer og holdninger mellem de forskellige kontekster. Teoretisk bidrager afhandlingen til dannelsen af en tværfaglig platform fra hvilken meningsdannelse som sådan kan undersøges og forklares. Projektet viser at det retoriske perspektiv på meningsdannelse og samfundsvidenskabelige begrebsdannelser med fordel kan kombineres; i det konkrete tilfælde danner den retorisk-samfundsvidenskabelige syntese grundlag for udforskningen af europæiske meningsdannelsesprocesser. Mere overordnet argumenteres der i og med afhandlingen for en konstitutionel tilgang til den sociale virkelighed; det er i sammenhængen mellem del og helhed, artikulation og kontekst, det værende og det kommende, at mening bliver til. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6844 Files in this item: 1
wp 2005-001.pdf (2.055Mb) -
Kaspersen, Mia (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The overall purpose of this thesis is to examine how and why internal processes, systems, and structures influence the construction of social and environmental reports. The three papers that are included in this thesis approach this research objective from three different but interrelated perspectives. Each of these perspectives is an essential aspect of reporting practices. By conducting case studies and including organisational members who participate in social and environmental reporting (SER) processes (Adams and Whelan, 2009; Farneti and Guthrie, 2009), this thesis strives to contribute to increased knowledge regarding organisational reporting behaviours and the construction of SER (Laine, 2009; Parker, 2007; Thomson and Bebbington, 2005; Adams, 2004; Gray, 2005; Adams and Larrinaga-González, 2007; Tilt, 2006; O'Dwyer, 2005b; Spence and Rinaldi, 2012; O'Dwyer et al., 2011; Tregidga et al., 2012b). Thus, by attempting to ‘look inside organisations’ and by emphasising the role of the organisational context, the three articles of this thesis provide insights into details regarding 1) the reporting environment and audit trail; 2) the role of stakeholder engagement in SER; and 3) why certain impacts of organisational activities are included (or excluded) in social and environmental reports. The three papers addressing these topics have been motivated by an aspiration to establish a more nuanced understanding of the current state of SER. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8667 Files in this item: 1
Mia_Kaspersen_Summary.pdf (1.332Mb) -
the case of Tasbapauni, an Atlantic coast communityHenriksen, Ken (København, 1999)[More information][Less information]
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an emotional theoryHansen, Flemming; Percy, Larry; Hallum Hansen, Morten (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The paper is concerned with the measurement of emotions and the study of the role of emotions in consumer choice. Contemporary neurological findings suggest that emotions may play a role in its own right, quite different from the way in which they have been considered in traditional consumer choice behaviour theory. A large-scale study including 800 respondents, covering 64 brands, provide findings on emotional response tendencies for the brands, and relate these to involvement, type of need gratification, purchasing behaviour, etc. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6657 Files in this item: 1
1_ 2004.pdf (340.3Kb) -
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Abstract: In the consumer behaviour literature several perspectives on consumer decision making have been considered, including the ‘value perspective’, the ‘information processing perspective’, the ‘emotional perspective’, and ‘cue utilization theory’. In this paper, a framework which integrates several perspectives on consumer decision making and which hypothesizes possible links between several basic constructs is developed. The framework is tested by the use of two experimental designs. The results of this study support the complexity of consumer decision making: (A) Consumers do not use their cognitive and affective skills independently, rather they affect each other; (B) the cognitive, evaluative constructs of quality and attitude had significant direct effects on buying intention in both experiments, whereas the affective construct of emotion had no significant effects on buying intention in both experiments; (C) price affected in both experiments perceived quality, which in turn affected attitude, which in turn affected buying intention. At the same time, price had no direct effect on buying intention. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6639 Files in this item: 1
wp,2.pdf (207.9Kb) -
Schmidt, Marcus (, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: A rather new business trend concerns social responsible or ethical marketing. Instead of just selling products and brands it makes professional sense to “bundle” or associate the purchase of a product with some altruist activity. While the market share of ethical subcategories in most countries is still confined to a few percentages of the total market at best, it appears that the segment will grow during the next decade. The increased interest for sustainability is found within many western societies both within the business community, academic circles, the political system and among plain consumers. Up to now relatively few empirical studies have focused on the topic. The present study is based on a large scale panel study and uses the German coffee market for profiling the consumer of faire trade coffee and analyzes how this consumer differs from the mainstream consumer. Also, we explore why some consumers intend to buy fair trade coffee but do not purchase the product (and vice versa). Several interesting findings are revealed. Implications for promotion of fair trade coffee are discussed and suggestions for further research are addressed. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8651 Files in this item: 1
Schmidt_2012_Consumer_Intentions.pdf (612.2Kb) -
a TRA versus TPB ApproachHansen, Torben; Jensen, Jan Møller; Solgaard, Hans Stubbe (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper tests the ability of two consumer theories - the theory of reasoned action and the theory of planned behavior - in predicting consumer online grocery buying intention. In addition, a comparison of the two theories is conducted. Data were collected from two web-based surveys of Danish (n=1222) and Swedish (n=1038) consumers using self-administered questionnaires. Lisrel results suggest that the theory of planned behavior (with the inclusion of a path from subjective norm to attitude) provides the best fit to the data and explains the highest proportion of variation in online grocery buying intention. Keywords Online buying intention – groceries - theory of reasoned action – theory of planned behavior – lisrel URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6651 Files in this item: 1
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Trzaskowski, Jan (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The regulation of the telecommunication industry in Denmark is quite liberal. There are no requirements to register with national authorities when providing telecommunication services or Premium Rate Services. Only Network Operators, who want to make use of the scarce frequency resources, must register with the National IT and Telecom Agency. This liberal approach may be a contributory factor to the fact that there are no official statistics on Premium Rate Services available from public authorities. This article is structured into five parts concerning 1) Premium Rate Services in Denmark, 2) relevant actors, 3) regulation concerning Network Operators, 4) regulation concerning Content Providers, and 5) telecommunication services that are not Premium Rate Services. The proposed structure has been departed to reflect the general division of regulation concerning the Network Operator and the Content Provider, respectively. The areas covered, reflects the regulation that is relevant to those Premium Rate Services provided in Denmark. The emphasis of the article is laid on the regulation safeguarding consumers in the context of Premium Rate Services. This regulation may be grouped into regulation that: sets requirements for carrying out business as Network Operator or Content Provider, concerns which Premium Rate Service may be provided, and under which number-series or applications codes, imposes certain information requirements, ensures fair and truthful marketing of the Premium Rate Services, or allows the User to monitor his bill, limit his usage, or limits the liability in connection to unauthorised usage. Infringement of the legislation in question is mainly sanctioned by administrative or civil sanctions. The overall impression is that the Danish telecommunication industry is quite active in securing compliance with the law. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7384 Files in this item: 1
2006_prs.pdf (1.010Mb) -
Learning and innovation outside the filmJeppesen, Lars Bo; Molin, Måns J. (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: 1 Abstract: This study describes a process in which a firm relies on an external consumer community for innovation. While it has been recognized that users may sometimes innovate, little is known about what commercial firms can do to motivate and capture such innovations and their related benefits. We contribute to the strategy literature by suggesting that learning and innovation efforts from which a firm may benefit need not necessarily be located within the organization, but may well reside in the consumer environment. We also contribute to the existing theory on "user-driven innovation" by showing what firms purposively can do to generate consumer innovation efforts. An explorative case study shows that consumer innovation can be structured, motivated, and partly organized by a commercial firm that lays out the infrastructure for interactive learning by consumers in a public Keywords: Product Development, Consumer-to-Consumer Interaction, Learning, Consumer Innovation, Community, User-toolkits. JEL code(s): L21; L23; O31; O32 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7281 Files in this item: 1
wp03-01.pdf (218.8Kb) -
Nebenzahl, Israel D.; Jaffe, Eugene D.; Kavak, Bahtisen (København, 2000)[More information][Less information]
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The demise of industry economics inKühn Pedersen, Mogens; Holm Larsen, Michael; Berntsen, Catrin (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: For several decades industrial economics in Michael Porter’s rendering has ruled business analysis in information systems. Have Internet technologies brought the demise of Industrial Economics as tool for information systems (IS) analyses? Examples of electronic exchanges indicate a break between business and information models. We critically assess Porter’s analysis of the Internet and exchanges finding relationships, coordination and complementarity rather than positioning and activity analysis applicable. Whether to amend or discard Porterian models considering the relevance of network economics and collaboration models for information systems analyses concludes our discussion. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6886 Files in this item: 1
linkwp02-12.pdf (218.5Kb) -
Varieties of Institutionalism: varieties of capitalismHull Kristensen, Peer; Morgan, Glenn (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The paper argues that the contrast between studies of MNCs which emphasise isomorphism and those which emphasise social embeddedness is unhelpful. Following recent institutionalist discussions which have emphasised the dynamic nature of firms, and institutions, it is argued that the transnational social space of the multinational encompasses a variety of different forms of actors which are engaged in processes that partially produce isomorphism and partially reproduce institutional difference. This perspective is proposed not as a middle way between the two institutionalisms but as a way to capture the ongoing dynamics of MNCs. The paper illustrates this approach through considering four ideal-typical ‘games’ which occur inside MNCs. These games are analysed in terms of the actors, the institutional resources brought into the game, the emerging rules of the game, the outcomes of the game and how these processes relate to institutional theory. These games reveal the complex interaction of processes of isomorphism and social differentiation and suggest an agenda for further research on MNCs that will focus on examining how these games interact and with what effect in different sorts of multinationals. Keywords: Multinationals; institutionalism; varieties of capitalism; isomorphism; embeddedness. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7355 Files in this item: 1
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an evolutionary perspectiveLieb-Doczy, Enese E.; Meyer, Klaus E. (København, 2000)[More information][Less information]