Titler
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Institutionalization Through ExperimentationGeorg, Susse; Garza de Linde, Gabriela; Pinheiro-Croisel, Rebecca; Aggeri, Franck (Frederiksberg, 2011)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: Judging from the number of communities and cities striving or claiming to be sustainable and how often eco-development is invoked as the means for urban regeneration, it appears that sustainable and eco-development have become “the leading paradigm within urban development” (Whitehead 2003). But what is it that is driving these urban transformations? Clearly, there are many probable answers to this complex question and in what follows we will focus on one particular catalyst of change – urban design competitions. Considered as field changing events (Lampel & Meyer 2008, Anand and Jones 2008), urban design competitions are understudied mechanisms for bringing about field level changes. This paper examines how urban design competitions can bring about changes within two types of fields – professional fields and local geographical fields. The context for our study is urban regeneration in two cities in France and Denmark, both of which have been suffering from industrial decline and have invested in establishing “eco-districts”. Based on these two case studies we explore how the different parties involved in these urban development projects have developed innovative design templates and practices that can instantiate field level changes. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8405 Filer i denne post: 1
Susse_Georg_1.pdf (529.4Kb) -
a case-based comparison of commercial wholesaling and retailing softwareLoebbecke, Claudia; Juul, Niels Christian (København, 1999)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
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Bennedsen, Morten; Wolfenzon, Daniel (København, 2000)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
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B. Richardson, George (Oxford, 1997)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: This paper focuses on three related matters. It analyses the process of competition in the software industry, this being important both in itself and for the light it throws on competition within all industries characterised by low or zero marginal costs and a high rate of technical development. The software industry, operating under private enterprise, is dependent on copyright, and the issues raised by intellectual property protection are therefore also considered. Given the need for inter-operability between different software products, and between these and associated hardware, standardisation is important within the industry, and the processes by which standards may be established are evaluated. Consideration is given to the public policy issues that are raised by these three topics. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8115 Filer i denne post: 1
8778730236.pdf (130.7Kb) -
The Case of Iran (1965-2010)Khonsary-Atighi, Hadis (Frederiksberg, 2016)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: The central focus of this thesis is the identification of theory-consistent economic determinants of aggregate and sectoral domestic investment in the context of the oil-rich and oil-based economy of Iran within the theoretical framework of modified neoclassical-accelerator type investment models. This thesis further attempts to extend this theoretically consistent framework by incorporating oil-driven financial constraint measures such as specified by cash flow models. The latter is justified on the basis of the presence of imperfect capital markets in Iran and the inherent uncertainty associated with the availability of oil-driven finance for investment due to the unpredictable nature of oil prices. A CVAR method is being employed to determine the theory-consistent long-run relationships between the variables of interest during 1974-2011. Motivated by the existing gaps in the investment and natural resource curse literature, the main objectives of the thesis include investigating: (i) the extent to which the theoretical framework is able to explain investment in the Iranian context and the underlying reasons for the (expected) partial applicability of such a framework; (ii) the relation between oil and investment patterns; and (iii) sectoral shifts during the process of capital accumulation and the role of the state in this process. Hence, the findings of this thesis contribute to current debates in the literature on the economics of natural resources and on investment, as well as to the application of the investment literature in the context of oil-abundant and -dependent economies like Iran. The empirical results, interestingly, showed that aggregate investment largely corresponds to factors which lie within the above theoretical framework. Notably, such a framework made it possible to make inferences and to draw policy implications based on the theoretically motivated long-run relationships between economic determinants of investment. It further allowed exploring how well such a framework, in the context of partial-market oil-driven economies like Iran, was applicable with some modifications that were needed to make the framework more appropriate for such economies. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9456 Filer i denne post: 1
Hadis Khonsary-Atighi_NY.pdf (4.373Mb) -
Ghiglino, Christian; Shell, Karl (København, 1998)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: In overlapping-generations economies with perfect financial markets and lumpsum taxation, restrictions on the government budget deficits do not limit the set of achievable allocations. For economies in which tax instruments are distortionary and limited in number, deficits are irrelevant only in the unrealistic case in which the number of tax instruments is large relative to the number of policy goals. In particular, if the government can use only anonymous consumption taxes, then achieving the prescribed deficits without changing the equilibrium allocation will typically be impossible when the number of consumers exceeds the number of commodities. A similar result holds if consumer credit is (exogenously) restricted. Surprisingly, in this case, distortionary taxes may be more likely than lump-sum taxes to lead to the irrelevance of government deficits. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: D51, D91, E32. Keywords: Balanced Budget, Balanced-Budget Amendment, Burden of the Public Debt, Comparative Statics, Consumption Taxes, Credit Restrictions, Distortionary Taxes, Economic Policy, Government Budget Deficit, Maastricht Treaty, Optimal Taxation, Overlapping Generations. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7542 Filer i denne post: 1
1998_3.pdf (310.4Kb) -
Strategic Policy Implications for Southeast AsiaKui, Ng Beoy (København, 2008)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: The purpose of this paper is to analyze strategic policy implications arising from possible threats and opportunities in the face of the emergence of China as an economic powerhouse. The focus of the paper is not on the regional approach through mainly regional co-operations but more on policy strategies and responses at the national level. Depending on their degree of national economic development, economic structure and comparative advantage, eight strategic positionings have been identified. Of these eight positionings, direct competition is considered as an unwise move, considering China being endowed with relatively cheap labour resources. Together with its huge domestic market which can serve as a magnet for direct foreign investment, competition in attracting FDI can be a daunting task for most to the Southeast Asian countries. Instead, competition based on niche areas through branding, for instance provides a feasible alternative. The other alternative is to avoid direct competition by upgrading its economy, venturing into those areas where China has no comparative advantage as well as looking inward for sources of growth. Others may adopt ‘connecting’ strategies such as complementing or supplementing the Chinese economy by meeting China’s increasing demand for natural resources or exploiting its huge domestic market. Still others may explore the possibilities of forging strategic alliance with China in the global market or playing the role of a middleman between China the West. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7397 Filer i denne post: 1
cdp 2008-026.pdf (241.2Kb) -
Some Cross-Country EvidenceBjørnskov, Christian; Foss, Nicolai J. (København, 2006)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: While much attention has been devoted to analyzing how the institutional framework and entrepreneurship impact growth, how economic policy and institutional design affect entrepreneurship appears to be much less analyzed. We try to explain cross-country differences in the level of entrepreneurship by differences in economic policy and institutional design. Specifically, we use the measures of economic freedom to ask which elements of economic policy making and the institutional framework that are responsible for the supply of entrepreneurship (our data on entrepreneurship are derived from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor). The combination of these two datasets is unique in the literature. We find that the size of government is negatively correlated with entrepreneurial activity but that sound money is positively correlated with entrepreneurial activity. Other measures of economic freedom are not significantly correlated with entrepreneurship. JEL CODE: M13, O31, O50 KEYWORDS: Economic freedom, entrepreneurship, cross-country variation. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7475 Filer i denne post: 1
smg wp 2006_15 - registrering.pdf (355.8Kb) -
Some Cross-Country EvidenceBjørnskov, Christian; Foss, Nicolai J. (Frederiksberg, 2006)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: While much attention has been devoted to analyzing how the institutional framework and entrepreneurship impact growth, how economic policy and institutional design affect entrepreneurship appears to be much less analyzed. We try to explain cross-country differences in the level of entrepreneurship by differences in economic policy and institutional design. Specifically, we use measures of economic freedom from the Economic Freedom of the World database to examine which elements of economic policy making and the institutional framework are responsible for the supply of entrepreneurship Our data on entrepreneurship are derived from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. The combination of these two datasets is unique in the literature. We find that the size of government is negatively correlated with entrepreneurial activity but that sound money is positively correlated with entrepreneurial activity. Other measures of economic freedom are not significantly correlated with entrepreneurship. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7876 Filer i denne post: 1
DRUID_06_18.pdf (261.1Kb) -
Urban, Dieter (Frederiksberg, 1999)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: Denne Ph.D. afhandling søger af sammenknytte to nationaløkonomiske problemkredse: Økonomisk vækst og økonomisk geografi. Afhandlingens centrale spørgsmål er: Vil økonomisk vækst føre til industriel koncentration eller industriel spredning? Hvordan påvirker en ændring i industriens lokalisering regional og national vækst? Hvilken indflydelse har den stadig tættere integration på økonomisk vækst og industrikoncentration? Afhandlingen består af fem kapitler. Kapitlerne er nært forbundne, men kan læses uafhængigt af hinanden. Kapitel 1 er et introduktionskapitel. Det indeholder en oversigt over litteraturen på området og et resume af de i denne afhandling fremlagte forskningsbidrag. Udgangspunktet for min forskning har været Krugman’s banebrydende artikel “Economic Geography and Increasing Returns” fra 1991. Heri udvikler han en model, der kan forklare, under hvilke omstændigheder, industrier tenderer at koncentrere sig i en land eller en region. Artiklen mangler imidlertid en fulstændig analytisk løsning af modellen, og intuitionen bag dens centrale sammenhænge er uklar. Kapitel 2 tilstræber at råde bod på disse svagheder. Kapitlet indeholder dels en rigoristisk analytisk løsning, dels en simpel grafisk illustration af Krugman’s model. Det påpeges, at der er en nær analogi mellem Krugman’s model og neoklassisk udenrigshandelsteori baseret på antagelsen om heterogene agenter. I kapitel 3 vises, at Krugman’s model har en unik kortsigtet ligevægt, men multiple langsigtede ligevægte. Afhængig af industriens initiale fordeling vil en relativt mindre industrialiseret økonomi enten af-industrialiseres eller konvergere mod samme udviklingstrin som den mere industrialiserede økonomi. Den mulige eksistens af en “fattigdomsfælde”, hvoraf en økonomi ikke kan udvikle sig ved egen kraft, giver en teoretisk begrundelse for, at aftaler om fri bevægelse for varer og kapital (eksempelvis inden for EU) kædes sammen med aftaler om strukturstøtte til de mindre industrialiserede regioner. I kapitel 4 integreres økonomisk geografi og neoklassisk vækstteori i en model, der simultant forklarer økonomisk vækst og industriens fordeling. Det påvises, at der er to regimer: Et neoklassisk “catching-up” regime, hvor økonomierne gradvis konvergerer, og et fattigdomsregime”, hvor forskellen i økonomisk udvikling udvides. Det påvises, at afvikling af handelsbarrierer kan eliminere fattigdomsfælden, således at mere tilbagestående lande med tiden vil tilnærme sig de mere udviklede økonomier. Kapitel 5 er en empirisk test af den model, der udvikles i kapitel 4, mod data for USA og Japan. Testen viser, at modellen ikke kan afvises for så vidt angår perioden efter Bretton Woods fast-kurs systemets sammenbrud i 1972. Under Bretton Woods systemet synes de to økonomer at have udviklet sig uafhængigt af hinanden, hvorfor modellen må afvises for denne periode. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7914 Filer i denne post: 1
Dieter_Urban.pdf (1.410Mb) -
Kokko, Ari; Ljungwall, Christer; Tingvall, Patrik Gustavsson (Frederiksberg, 2010)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: This paper investigates to what extent income growth in the Chinese provinces is linked to growth and income levels in neighboring provinces. We find that the rate of income growth in a province is positively related to income and growth in neighboring provinces. However, we find no evidence of such positive interdependence between growth in rich coastal provinces and their immediate inland neighbors. This suggests that there has been little synchronization in economic growth rates between these regions, and/or that the immediate hinterland of the coastal growth centers might have been bypassed as China’s manufacturing sector has migrated westward. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8032 Filer i denne post: 1
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Riis, Thomas (København, 2002)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
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[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9513 Filer i denne post: 1
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Some Austriaen InsightsJuul Foss, Nicolai (Frederiksberg, 2001)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: I critically discuss recent claims about economic organization in the emerging “knowledge economy,” specifically that authority relations will tend to disappear (or at least become radically transformed), the boundaries of the firm will blur, and coordination mechanisms will be much more malleable than assumed in organizational economics, resulting in various “new organizational forms.” In particular, the price mechanism will be used inside hierarchies to a much greater extent. In order to obtain an analytical focus on the knowledge economy, I assume that it may be approximated by “Hayekian settings” (after Hayek 1945), that is, settings in which knowledge is distributed and where knowledge inputs are relatively more important in production than physical capital inputs. I then argue, drawing on organizational economics as well as Mises’ insights in property rights and comparative systems, that the presence of Hayekian settings does not mean that authority will disappear, etc., although economic organization will in fact be affected by the emergence of the knowledge economy. This suggests that Austrian economics has an important contribution to make to the study of economic organization. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8074 Filer i denne post: 1
x656077947.pdf (99.18Kb) -
A Study of the Role of Managerial Meta-Knowledge in the Management of Distributed KnowledgeJensen, Henrik (Frederiksberg, 2016)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: When companies depend on knowledge distributed among employees, managers play a key role in establishing cooperation and coordination systems. This dissertation investigates the implications of managers’ knowledge about the knowledge and skills of employees for economic organization. The research question guiding this effort is: What managerial challenges arise from having distributed knowledge within a firm and how does the manager’s knowledge of this knowledge matter for economic organization? The dissertation consists of three research papers, each exploring a dimension of the research question. The first paper investigates antecedents of coordination break-down and how teams differ in their ability to coordinate specialized knowledge and skills. The second paper provides a theoretical framework for theorizing about the role of managers’ knowledge about employees’ knowledge for economic organization and introduces the term managerial meta-knowledge. The third paper investigates the effect of managerial meta-knowledge on the successfulness of inter-organizational relations. Empirically, the dissertation is based on a dataset on public procurement projects, comprised of archival data, a survey of buyers and a survey of suppliers. Together, the three papers argue that managers’ knowledge about employees’ knowledge is an important factor when managing the challenges of distributed knowledge. Such managerial knowledge allows managers to assess the capabilities available, make sure they fit contractual obligations, and rearrange tasks and employees when adapting to changes. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9375 Filer i denne post: 1
Henrik Jensen.pdf (3.024Mb) -
Foss, Kirsten (København, 1998)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
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Foss, Kirsten; Foss, Nicolai Juul (København, 2000)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
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Some Austrian InsightsFoss, Nicolai J. (Frederiksberg, 2001)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: I critically discuss recent claims about economic organization in the emerging “knowledge economy,” specifically that authority relations will tend to disappear (or at least become radically transformed), the boundaries of the firm will blur, and coordination mechanisms will be much more malleable than assumed in organizational economics, resulting in various “new organizational forms.” In particular, the price mechanism will be used inside hierarchies to a much greater extent. In order to obtain an analytical focus on the knowledge economy, I assume that it may be approximated by “Hayekian settings” (after Hayek 1945), that is, settings in which knowledge is distributed and where knowledge inputs are relatively more important in production than physical capital inputs. I then argue, drawing on organizational economics as well as Mises’ insights in property rights and comparative systems, that the presence of Hayekian settings does not mean that authority will disappear, etc., although economic organization will in fact be affected by the emergence of the knowledge economy. This suggests that Austrian economics has an important contribution to make to the study of economic organization. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7899 Filer i denne post: 1
DRUID_01_07.pdf (99.18Kb) -
Mygind, Niels (København, 1997)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
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Its Threats and Opportunities from the Perspective of Southeast AsiaBeoy Kui, Ng (København, 2006)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: The purpose of the paper is to examine the economic impact of China on the Southeast Asian countries, mainly in terms of trade and investment. The paper attempts to examine whether the rise of China poses a threat to Southeast Asia as a region in the area of international trade, especially competition in the third markets. Can they be comrades rather than competitors in international market? Secondly, the paper also questions the concentration of foreign direct investment (FDI) in China implies a diversion of FDI away from the region. Are the FDI in China and Southeast Asian region complement each other in the international division of labour? On the other hand, the increasing role of China as an international trader and global investor provides an opportunity for Southeast Asia countries to integrate with the Chinese economy. The huge domestic market of China also provides vast opportunities for investment, especially through connections of their respective ethnic Chinese businesses in the region. In return, Southeast Asian countries, through their respective ethnic groups can also play a middleman role between China and the West, as well as between China and India together with the Middle East. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7395 Filer i denne post: 1
arc2006-15pdf.pdf (343.1Kb)