Browsing by Title
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Evidence from Survival Rates in a Natural ExperimentAndersen, Steffen; Meisner Nielsen, Kasper (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We use a natural experiment in Denmark to test the hypothesis that aspiring entrepreneurs face financial constraints because of low entrepreneurial quality. We identify 304 constrained entrepreneurs who start a business after receiving windfall wealth and examine the performance of these marginal entrepreneurs. We find that constrained entrepreneurs have significantly lower survival rates and lower profits when compared with a matched sample of unconstrained entrepreneurs. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the marginal entrepreneur is of low quality. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8499 Files in this item: 1
Andersen_MeisnerNielsen.pdf (402.7Kb) -
Foley, Kelly; Gallipoli, Giovanni; Green, David (Bristol, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We use a large, rich Canadian micro-level dataset to examine the channels through which family socio-economic status and unobservable characteristics a ect children's decisions to drop out of high school. First, we document the strength of observable socio-economic factors: our data suggest that teenage boys with two parents who are themselves high school dropouts have a 16% chance of dropping out, compared to a dropout rate of less than 1% for boys whose parents both have a university degree. We examine the channels through which this socio-economic gradient arises using an extended version of the factor model set out in Carneiro, Hansen, and Heckman (2003). Speci cally, we consider the impact of cognitive and non-cognitive ability and the value that parents place on education. Our results support three main conclusions. First, cognitive ability at age 15 has a substantial impact on dropping out. Second, parental valuation of education has an impact of approximately the same size as cognitive ability e ects for medium and low ability teenagers. A low ability teenager has a probability of dropping out of approximately .03 if his parents place a high value on education but .36 if their education valuation is low. Third, parental education has no direct e ect on dropping out once we control for ability and parental valuation of education. Our results point to the importance of whatever determines ability at age 15 (including, potentially, early childhood interventions) and of parental valuation of education during the teenage years. We also make a small methodological contribution by extending the standard factor based estimator to allow a non-linear relationship between the factors and a covariate of interest. We show that allowing for non-linearities has a substantial impact on estimated e ects. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8582 Files in this item: 1
Foley_2009.pdf (369.2Kb) -
How To Realize Its Potential in the Organization FieldVolberda, Henk W.; Foss, Nicolai J.; Lyles, Marjorie A. (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The purpose of this Perspective Paper is to advance understanding of absorptive capacity, its underlying dimensions, its multi-level antecedents, its impact on firm performance and the contextual factors that affect absorptive capacity. Nineteen years after the Cohen and Levinthal 1990 paper, the field is characterized by a wide array of theoretical perspectives and a wealth of empirical evidence. In this paper, we first review these underlying theories and empirical studies of absorptive capacity. Given the size and diversity of the absorptive capacity literature, we subsequently map the existing terrain of research through a bibliometric analysis. The resulting bibliometric cartography shows the major discrepancies in the organization field, namely that (1) most attention so far has been focused on the tangible outcomes of absorptive capacity; (2) organizational design and individual level antecedents have been relatively neglected in the absorptive capacity literature; and (3) the emergence of absorptive capacity from the actions and interactions of individual, organizational and inter-organizational antecedents remains unclear. Building on the bibliometric analysis, we develop an integrative model that identifies the multi-level antecedents, process dimensions, and outcomes of absorptive capacity as well as the contextual factors that affect absorptive capacity. We argue that realizing the potential of the absorptive capacity concept requires more research that shows how “micro antecedents” and “macroantecedents” influence future outcomes such as competitive advantage, innovation, and firm performance. In particular, we identify conceptual gaps that may guide future research to fully exploit the absorptive capacity concept in the organization field and to explore future fruitful extensions of the concept. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7955 Files in this item: 1
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Hector Estrup og økonomisk metodologiFoss, Nikolai J. (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Med udgangspunkt i debatten mellem Hector Estrup og Hans Keiding i Nationaløkonomisk Tidsskrift (1986) diskuteres centrale aspekter af økonomisk metode og metodologi, specielt hvordan økonomer mener at der kan etableres kontakt mellem modeller og virkelighed, og hvilke implikationer dét har for vurderingen af teorier i økonomi (dvs. økonomisk metodologi). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6312 Files in this item: 1
wp14-2003njf.pdf (258.7Kb) -
Who Cooperates with Firms, and Why?Lotz, Peter; Davis, Lee (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Academic scientists are under increasing pressure to engage in more commercially "relevant" research, through either patenting and licensing research results, or research cooperations. This paper seeks to add to our understanding of academic-business collaborations (contract research, joint research, and consulting) by presenting preliminary results from a novel survey of academic researchers in the life sciences in Denmark. We seek to draw a "profile" of those researchers who cooperate, and why. Expressed in a different way, we would like to determine what researcher characteristics and competencies business, in practice, demands. Both university and hospital scientists were polled. Our most surprising finding is that there is a consistent and highly significant relationship between strong publication records and cooperation, across both researcher groups, and for all forms of cooperation. Our results underline that it is important that scientists be permitted – indeed, encouraged – to continue to operate within the norms of the academic community, where success is measured by the collegiate reputation-based reward system, thereby maintaining a clear division of labor between what scientists do best, and what business does best. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6777 Files in this item: 1
wp06-2006.pdf (97.16Kb) -
a preliminary assessmentFrederiksen, Frode; Husted, Kenneth (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Andersson, Bo; Henningsson, Stefan (Springer, 2011/2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The recent years of rapid development of mobile technologies creates opportunities for new user-groups in the mobile workforce to take advantage of information systems (IS). However, to apprehend and harness these opportunities for mobile IS it is crucial to fully understand the user group and the mobile technology. In this paper we deductively, from previous research on aspects on mobility, synthesize a tentative analytical framework capturing factors accentuated in mobile IS design. We evaluate the framework based on criteria of completeness, distinctiveness, and simplicity. Eventually, these two steps develop the framework towards a theoretical contribution as theory for describing handheld computing from a designer’s perspective. Thirteen semi-structured interviews were made and the tentative framework was elaborated and confirmed. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8633 Files in this item: 1
Andersson_Henningsson_2011.pdf (358.7Kb) -
Keiding, Hans; Hansen, Bodil O. (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In the paper, we use the theory of mechanism design to exhibit the cost of efficient provision of healthcare, defined as the uniquely defined sum of individual side payments which would eliminate moral hazard. It is argued that this cost may be used to assess the costs arising from use of the treatment in cases where it is not appropriate from a strictly medical point of view. An example is given to indicate how this assessment might enter into practical cost-effectiveness analysis. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7626 Files in this item: 1
wp.05.07.pdf (264.4Kb) -
Rhizomatic stories of representational faithfulness, decision making and controlLennon, Niels Joseph Jerne (Fredriksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: There is a tendency in accounting theory, both external reporting and management accounting, to express a representational ideal. This to be understood in the sense that accounting information, independent on whether it is reported externally or used for control purposes internally, ought to represent something underlying, whether this is revenue, costs, performance or other things inscribed in the accounting information. In some cases the underlying is not an object, but a procedure which is developed with the purpose of standardising the calculations as to become comparable (Financial Accounting Standards Board, 1980a). In the beginning of the 1970’s in the accounting information literature, simultaneously with the foundation of the American Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), an academic discussion regarding which qualitative characteristics accounting information ought to have, emerges (e.g. Ijiri, 1975, Hines, 1988 og Ingram and Rayburn, 1989). This was caused by FASB’s work on a conceptual framework Standard of Financial Accounting Concepts (SFAC), which was meant as a guide to the standard setters in the development of new accounting standards/principles. A new notion, representational faithfulness, was introduced in SFAC no. 2. The discussion about representational faithfulness is equivocal and no unambiguous definition of what representational faithfulness actually is. This has occasioned a range of dialogues about the representativity of accounting information, the accounting setters’ roles and effects of disclosure of accounting information... URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8640 Files in this item: 1
Niels_Joseph_Jerne_Lennon_NEW.pdf (1.260Mb) -
Bajlum, Claus; Tind Larsen, Peter (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper estimates the impact of accounting transparency on the term structure of CDS spreads for a large cross-section of rms. Using a newly developed measure of accounting transparency in Berger, Chen & Li (2006), we nd a downward-sloping term structure of transparency spreads. Estimating the gap between the high and low transparency credit curves at the 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10-year maturity, the transparency spread is insigni cant in the long end but highly signi cant and robust at 20 bps at the 1-year maturity. Furthermore, the eect of accounting transparency on the term structure of CDS spreads is largest for the most risky rms. These results are strongly supportive of the model by Du¢ e & Lando (2001), and add an explanation to the underprediction of short-term credit spreads by traditional structural credit risk models. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7189 Files in this item: 1
ssrn-id1006161.pdf (443.3Kb) -
Lateral Strategies for Scientists and Those Who Study ThemGorm Hansen, Birgitte (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The thesis Adapting in the Knowledge Economy investigates the strategies deployed by academic scientists when trying to adapt and maneuver within an increasingly complex mixture of scientific, industrial and governmental agendas. Chapter one “From insights to invoice” summarizes the last decade of Danish research policy as a tendency towards intensified focus on interaction between the university and “outside” actors. Looking at Danish policy documents and interview data the chapter shows how policy changes responded to an idea of “ivory tower” researchers isolating themselves in Danish universities. Furthermore, the interaction agenda was motivated by the perception that knowledge was produced but not sufficiently used. Strongly influenced by the concept of the knowledge economy and that of mode 2 knowledge production, policy changes were directed at bridging a gap between the producers and the consumers of knowledge. A series of reforms and initiatives were launched to facilitate more interaction between science and industry as well as more responsiveness towards societies’ problems on behalf of the universities. This interaction agenda was coupled with an increase in the economic investment in research and an increased focus on competition between researchers in order to ensure high quality in knowledge production.... URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8346 Files in this item: 1
Birgitte_Gorm_Hansen.pdf (1.768Mb) -
The Trial-and-Error Approach to OutsourcingBennedsen, Morten; Schultz, Christian (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
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Issues of Ethics and Governance in Malaysia and ChinaBeh, LooSee (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper seeks to develop an understanding of the issues that public administrators should strive to provide in ethical practices and governance thus allowing distinctive administrative and social traditions that each country possess to flourish. Significant changes and continuities in the realm of government in contemporary China and Malaysia will be drawn upon. Recent developments have brought a sense of urgency in contrast to complacency with the status quo. This paper reviews pertinent administrative and ethic issues related to both countries and whether the administrators engage in sustaining the reform agenda while still maintaining the professional capacity and flexibility of administrators when re-delegating responsibly within changing institutional settings. public administration, state, policy, administrative reforms, governance URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7413 Files in this item: 1
loosee_beh_clean.pdf (156.8Kb) -
Bjørn-Andersen, Niels; Hansen, Rina (Auckland, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This is a longitudinal study of the extent to which luxury fashion brands have struggled with the dilemma of on the one hand interacting with fans and customers online, while on the other hand retain the exclusivity, surprise, and innovation hype of the brand. We have developed a framework for assessing websites and social media sites of luxury fashion brands. We applied the framework in three empirical studies in 2006, 2008 and 2010. Our findings show that the observed luxury brands have increased their adoption of social and interactive digital Internet-based technologies since 2006. We also document some of the most interesting uses of Web 2.0 technologies fashion brands for creating an immersing and innovative environment online. While some brands like Burberry has gone „the full Monty‟, others like Prada has not had a functioning web-site since 2007, probably disappointed about their first attempts at „getting their feet wet‟ early on. The findings have theoretical relevance in the shape of the 8C framework, but it should also have relevance for practitioners, as it might function as a checklist for creators and management of fashion brand websites. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8526 Files in this item: 1
Rina_Hansen_2011_5.pdf (499.5Kb) -
Lando, Henrik; Shavell, Steven (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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The Portraval of Beauty in Woman's Fashion MagazinesMoeran, Brian (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The primary contents of women’s fashion magazines are fashion, beauty and health. This paper sets out to explore the ways in which international fashion magazines such as Elle, Vogue and Marie Claire portray feminine beauty in textual and advertising matter and how their readers react to such portrayals. Beauty is analysed as grooming practice, and make-up as the prime symbol of the self and its many facets in social interaction. The paper looks at the different kinds of ‘face’ that magazines invite their women readers to put on and suggests that they – and their advertisers – adopt a ‘technology of enchantment’ as a means of exercise control over them. Magazine and advertising language is imbued with ‘magical’ power, and the paper shows how the structure of advertisements closely parallels that of magical spells used in certain healing rituals. It concludes by using magazine reader interviews to learn the extent to which women do or do not believe in such ‘spells’ and whether they are encouraged to buy into the ‘beauty myth’. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7817 Files in this item: 1
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consumer attitudes in UkraineSangwan, Sunanda; Golovkina, Natalia (København, 1999)[More information][Less information]
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Candi, Marina (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The goals of this thesis are to examine new technology-based firms’ use of aesthetic design as an element of service innovation and to explore potential relationships between aesthetic design and performance in this same context. There is a scarcity of research on aesthetic design as an element of service innovation, particularly in new technology-based firms. Because of this scarcity, a hybrid research strategy is appropriate and the empirical basis for this research encompasses multiple case studies, longitudinal quantitative data and evaluations by expert panels. The first phase of the research involves developing an operationalization of design that enables evaluation of aesthetic design as an element of innovation in technology-based firms. The second phase uses case research to explore the role and organization of aesthetic design in service innovation in new technology-based firms. The final phase explores relationships between aesthetic design and performance in the research context. Hypotheses are developed based on existing research, on one hand, and the results of the case research, on the other, and these hypotheses are tested using longitudinal survey-based data. The operationalization of design developed is a three-dimensional model consisting of functional design, visceral design and experiential design. Functional design is concerned with utility, features and delivery; visceral design is concerned with appealing to the human senses; and experiential design is concerned with message, symbols, culture, meaning, and emotional and sociological aspects. Visceral design and experiential design are combined to yield a formative measure of aesthetic design. The findings of the research are that new technology-based firms emphasize functional design over aesthetic design. Emphasis on aesthetic design is related positively with the importance of design in a firms’ sector and founders’ experience of sales and marketing, while it is negatively related with founders’ technical education. In new technology-based firms, aesthetic design can be characterized as being used to exploit or counteract the characteristics that distinguish services from products, namely intangibility, inseparability, heterogeneity and perishability. The application of aesthetic design to counteract these characteristics is more prevalent than exploitation. Aesthetic design in new technology-based firms is found to be primarily silent, meaning that those performing design activities are mostly managers and technical staff engaged in design activities as part of their development efforts and without these activities necessarily being acknowledged as design. The findings regarding the relationship between aesthetic design and performance are that aesthetic design is positively related with competitive advantage, but that this relationship is dependent upon moderating factors. The effectiveness of aesthetic design in achieving competitive advantage through differentiation is found to differ depending on the current stage of commoditization. The greater the level of commoditization of a service the more effectively aesthetic design can be employed to improve competitive advantage. Furthermore, the findings suggest that the objectives underlying managers’ decisions to use aesthetic design in service innovation are attracting new customers, improving firm image and/or retaining existing customers, and doing so at lower cost. Hypothesis testing using longitudinal survey-based data confirms that by and large these benefits are realized by new technology-based firms. This research makes a number of important contributions. The research focus lies in an area where there is little existing research and, thus, the operationalization of aesthetic design developed and the characterization of aesthetic design as an element of service innovation in new technology-based firms constitute important contributions. The characterization provides a picture of the prevalence, roles, organization and actors of aesthetic design in the research context. The research also contributes insight about the relationship between aesthetic design as an element of service innovation and performance of new technologybased firms. The research shows that various positive relationships exist but that they can be contingent upon existing conditions, which act as moderating factors. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7132 Files in this item: 1
marina_candi.pdf (4.416Mb) -
Janning, Finn (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]