Browsing Departments by Title
-
Lund, Lars (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
-
Will China Continue to Hold Together?Brødsgaard, Kjeld Erik (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The recent Bo Xilai affair has created strains in the Chinese political system and has intensified the power struggle concerning the new leadership appointments due to take place at the 18th Party Congress. The pressure on the political system is intensified by a number of social phenomena such as increased fragmentation, vested interests, corruption, social unrest, increased income and social inequalities and a de facto reform stop since 2009. Some scholars believe that we now see the end of ‘resilient authoritarianism’ and that China either will experience a political and social collapse or move towards a democratic system. However, developments since 1989 show the regime’s amazing ability to revitalize its organizational capabilities and regain its Mandate of Heaven. It may be too early to declare the Party over. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8622 Files in this item: 1
Kjeld_Erik_Broedsgaard_2012-39.pdf (214.0Kb) -
Skjold, Else (, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Music and dress have played a significant role in the civilization process in West Europe. Both being aesthetic fields meant to be performed and put into play by human gesture, they have proved to be efficient tools for cultivating the movements, postures and gestures of the body. The material, cut and shape of the dress has manipulated the body to move in certain ways, as have rhythms and expressions in music. Significant for West Europe has been a duality between spirit and body, causing a division between high culture and popular culture, that has been reflected in the way music and dress has been used as display of ‘civilization’ from the early Middle ages to the Nineteenth century, and the way fashion and pop music subsequently has been perceived as ephemeral, irrational or even immoral. Following the democratization process, music and dress from early to late modernity has formed a unique liaison in youth culture, with the notion of image as a unifying concept. Here dress, gesture and pattern of movement emphasizes the underlying bodily gestures indicated by the sounds and rhythms in various music styles, and in this way encapsulates the identity of the individual participating in the manyfragmented taste groupings in society. In the same sense, dress and music have worked as a gate-opener to society for ethnic European outsiders like gays or working class, or non-Western immigrants, that could define their position in society through expressing themselves in hybrid subcultures. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7768 Files in this item: 1
-
Huizinga, Harry; Nielsen, Søren Bo (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Internationalization offers enhanced opportunities for individuals to place savings abroad and evade domestic saving taxation. This paper asks whether the concomi- tant loss of saving taxation necessarily is harmful. To this end we construct a model of many symmetric countries in which public goods are financed by taxes on saving and investment. There is international cross-ownership of firms, and countries are assumed to be unable to tax away pure profits. Countries then face an incentive to impose a rather high investment tax also borne by foreigners. In this setting, the loss of the saving tax instrument on account of international tax evasion may prevent the overall saving-investment tax wedge from becoming too high, and hence may be beneficial for moderate preferences for public goods. A world with 'high- spending' governments, in contrast, is made worse off by the loss of saving taxes, and hence stands to gain from international cooperation to restore saving taxation. JEL-Classifcation: H87, H21 Keywords: Capital income taxation, cross-ownership, coordination URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7535 Files in this item: 1
wpec152004.pdf (172.2Kb) -
Møllgaard, Peter (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
-
Sornn-Friese, Henrik (København, 1998)[More information][Less information]
-
How? How much?Nedergaard, Peter (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Mutual learning among the Member States is the primary purpose of the employment policy of the European Union. The two most important questions in this regard are how learning occurs and how much learning takes place. In this article I argue that the existing analyses of the effects of learning in the European employment strategy have been either determined by the sender’s interests or have underestimated how mutual learning between countries takes place. In stead the article develops a constructivist approach to learning and uses it to generate some concrete hypothesis about when learning in committees is most likely to take place. Afterwards, this constructivist approach is used to analyse the institutional framework surrounding the European employment strategy in order to evaluate whether the potential for learning is optimal. Finally, the article concludes that even though some basic premises for learning is fulfilled, the potential for mutual learning could and should be increased by implemented at range of concrete institutional reforms. Firstly, a range of professional and autonomous sub-committees which reports to the EMCO should be established. Secondly, the EMCO should be given more time to discuss the national action plans in meetings which more loosely defined agendas. Thirdly, the cooperation should be concentrated around the areas where the differences in terms of policy performances among the Member States are greatest. Fourthly, the president of the EMCO should be given a more prominent role at the expense of the Commission. Finally, the members of the EMCO should to a higher extent come from the directorates in the Member states rather than the minister’s departments. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7332 Files in this item: 1
working paper_40_pn_mutual learning.pdf (138.4Kb) -
Competencies for doing research in/with(in), for and in-between organizationsNielsen, Rikke Kristine (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper addresses the research practice of practicable research by drawing a map of methodological in-roads to doing research with a view to bridging the practitioner-research gap and producing what has been termed as ‘actionable research’ by engaging closely with practitioners in the research process. The map includes three territories and methodological in-roads for doing research in close collaboration with practitioners with a view to mutual value creation and co-construction: Doing research, in/with(in), for and in-between organizations. The methodological reflections in the map are illustrated and discussed against the backdrop of a concrete instance of academia-practitioner collaboration, the industrial Ph.D. research project of Group Mindset-Development in Solar A/S. The industrial Ph.D. researcher is seen as a front-runner vis-a-vis a political climate of increasing demands from governments to universities with regards to the ability of research groups to demonstrate co-operation with external stakeholder groups and an illustration of the privileges and pitfalls of doing research in close engagement with practice called for by the increasing academic interest for actionable research. Using empirical data from an on-going practitioner-academia research project, a literature review and inputs from a professional development workshop organized by the author at the British Academy Management’s annual meeting 20121, a position for doing research in/with(in), for and in-between practice is carved out. Based on the challenges and potential pitfalls inherent in this research position, researcher competencies for successfully handling the research management of the in-between and bridging the academia-practitioner gap in research practice are discussed. Further, competency requirements of both academia and practice as main stakeholders in an industrial Ph.D. project or other projects with the ambition to create value in both camps simultaneously are debated based on the methodological map presented. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8887 Files in this item: 1
Rikke_Kristine_Nielsen.pdf (474.8Kb) -
Bordum, Anders (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
-
Jakobsen, Gitte P. (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: With the increasing globalization, new organizational structures, and rapid change the leader has been increasingly individualized and personalized. The leader has been put under pressure to reveal a leadership, in which the personality of the individual leader is increasingly important. Moreover, the individual leader has become central for creating and communicating organizational meaning, and the leaders’ personal conduct, ethics and identity are taken to be symbolic of the organizational brand. Leaders are increasingly publicly evaluated based on how he “tells the story” of him-self and the organization e.g. the extent to which the leader exemplifies and lives the organizational brand. This is reflected in a growing demand for leader development programs with a personal orientation, and psychological oriented development focused on the individual leaders’ personal challenges. Recent theoretical developments in the intersection of critical management studies and narrative identity studies have challenged prior assumptions and approaches, with a departure in social constructivist perspectives leadership is conceived as narrative identity construction embedded in social practice and context. Hence, leader studies turn to investigate the emergence of leaders as processes of identity work in particular contexts, privileging the use of language, social interaction and critical reflexive approaches. This dissertation explores the narrative construction of leader identity in the context of a leader development program, examining the processes and the content of identity work of leaders. Empirically five Danish executives from five different industries have been studied in a three year period, starting with a one-year long leader development program and in two following interviews. The material is analyzed within a theoretical and methodological framework inspired by a combination of social constructivist, discursive, narrative and critical management approaches to identity and leadership research. The narrative analytical framework is based on narrative theory, narrative therapy theorization, and positioning theory, analyzing the thematic, temporal and relational aspects of the five leaders’ narrative accounts. Hence, the analytical strategy analyzes the narrative recourses of: problem stories, preferred stories, storylines, and the negotiation of subject positions used by the five leaders in constructing certain situated leader identities URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7807 Files in this item: 1
Gitte_P_Jakobsen.pdf (1.488Mb) -
en beretning om vidensdeling, arbejdsdeling og refleksiv praksisSiggård Jensen, Sisse (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
-
Using discourse as a strategic resourceHjelholt, Morten; Blegind Jensen, Tina (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper investigates how discourse can be mobilized as a strategic resource when introducing a public sector reform program in a local government setting. We explore how actual day-to-day practices, contexts, and processes relate to the shaping and localizing of broad strategic discourses. In particular, we emphasize the practices in which national strategic formulations are legitimized and accepted or abandoned by the actors involved. Building on a case study conducted over a two-year time span, we show how a local actor engages with and promotes a national reform program by evoking a discourse with strategic intentions. First we present how the national reform program is translated into a local government by the evoking of historically produced and context dependent discourses. Next we show that locally produced discourses need to be evoked and re-attached to the national reform program in order to enable new local practices. Our study shows that formal reform programs and strategies are never stable and firm objects; rather, they are constantly enacted and changed as part of discursive practices. Thus individuals enter a discursive space from where to engage strategically with the creation of new local practices. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8726 Files in this item: 1
Blegind_Jensen_EGOS.pdf (511.2Kb) -
On Consensus, Consensusing and False ConsensusnessHorst, Maja; Irwin, Alan (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In response to the recent troubled history of risk-related technological development in Europe, one institutional reaction has been to advocate public deliberation as a means of achieving broad societal consensus over socio-scientific futures. We focus on ‘consensusing’ and the expectation of consensus, and consider both their roots and their performative consequences. We argue that consensus should be seen not simply as the absence of disagreement but as a particular political and ideological formation. We consider and explore the Danish model based on the folkelig concept of the common good, before turning to the wider European movement towards consensus-building. As presented here, consensusing becomes a focus for political contestation but also for nation- and institution-building. Rather than evaluating deliberation solely in terms of its short-term instrumental effects, consensusing should also be understood as performative of national and inter-national identity. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8268 Files in this item: 1
Horst og Irwin 2010.pdf (120.8Kb) -
organizing the transfer of technology and knowledgeTryggestad, Kjell (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The aim of this work is to conduct a theoretical and empirical investigation of how the market institution performs in the context of technology and knowledge transfer. The notion of political markets, first introduced by Adam Smith, is extended to the artifacts of technology and their associated factor markets. The paper develops the notion of political markets by drawing upon an empirical case that reconstructs the chain of events related to the transfer of flexible manufacturing systems (FMS). The case account for the various actors and institutions involved in the technology transfer, including the firms on both sides of the market, the government, the engineering-scientists, the economists, the union representatives and the machinists. It is argued that Natural markets is a special case of political markets in which technologies and hybrid entities and identities produce both the Natural market as well as its master – the pure technological relations. Neither the Natural market, nor Homo economicus can be brought into existence without pure technological relations. The existence of the latter is a necessary condition for the existence of the two former, as has already been recognized by neoclassical economics. The present work makes a constructive contribution to neoclassical economics in this respect, by describing and analyzing all the work of purification that enters into the task of bringing the necessary conditions into existence. Indeed, the process of purification that brings purified 3 technologies, natural markets and rational identities like homo economicus into existence, require huge investments, as do their maintenance. Technical knowledge turned out to be no exception. As the case suggests, technical knowledge was not just a given condition, but became a produced outcome. Yet, the process of knowledge production continued, transforming given technical knowledge in unexpected ways. Technical knowledge also became a negotiated outcome during the transfer of FMS. Hence, when market transaction takes place, knowledge it self can be transformed, and with it, the conditions for conducting the market transaction. So, the notion of political markets proposed here, suggests that knowledge can be both premises as well as an outcome of market transaction – as knowledge, its status and distribution - can be negotiated in the process. Instead of criticizing Homo economicus and (neo) classical economics, the notion of political markets thus proposed imply a constructive contribution to economics, notably to the core of neo classical economics: Through out this paper, it is argued with reference to both theory and own empirical fieldwork, that neoclassical economics participate in the successful purification of technological relations. Yet, in order to provide for an explanation of such a successful outcome, it is not enough to account for economists among themselves. As has already been suggested by Callon (1998) and the associated work on the anthropology of markets, also such material associations as computer based calculations and simulations of the macro-economy must be brought into the explanation. In more specific terms, the puzzling ‘residual’ in the neoclassical production function can be explained by now also taking into account the many subtle ways economics itself interfere in making up the residual. Neoclassical economics only have to refine their production function by adding to it the significance of material associations such as computer based calculations and simulations of the macro-economy. Done properly, a revised macro-economic model would emerge, capable of handling ‘market failures’ in new ways. Instead of attributing all failures to the market and no failures to technology, a more symmetric distribution of failures between the two entities would be allowed for. Further more, each time a ‘residual’ emerges from applying the revised model, it is no longer simply due to ‘technical change’ but also due to ‘market failures’. Hence, such a revised macro-economic model not only allow neoclassical economics to maintain the distinction between technology and the market but also allows for the flexibility of including those entities previously excluded, that is, the material associations and inscriptions that participates in making up the distinctions between the two. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6676 Files in this item: 1
wp 24.pdf (294.7Kb) -
Data-driven prosodic feature assignment for diphone synthesisJuel Henrichsen, Peter (Frederiksberg, 2)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Today's synthetic voices are largely based on diphone synthesis (DiSyn) and unit selection synthesis (UnitSyn). In most DiSyn systems, prosodic envelopes are generated with formal models while UnitSyn systems refer to extensive, highly indexed sound databases. Each approach has its drawbacks; such as low naturalness (DiSyn) and dependence on huge amounts of background data (UnitSyn). We present a hybrid model based on high-level speech data. As preliminary tests show, prosodic models combining DiSyn style at the phone level with UnitSyn style at the supra-segmental levels may approach UnitSyn quality on a DiSyn footprint. Our test data are Danish, but our algorithm is language neutral. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8595 Files in this item: 1
Henrichsen.pdf (158.2Kb) -
[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Dette historiske essay angående en afhandling af den store mediciner Galen fra Pergamon (c.129-200 e.Kr.) udgør anden del af en serie om filosofiske grænseområder i den senhellenistiske periode hvis første del består i en oversættelse med filosofisk kommentar til Lukian fra Samosatas (c.120-180 e.Kr.) Filosofiske leveveje til salg.* Men hvor digteren Lukians dialog fraskriver sig stort set al filosofi som frugtesløst for menneskelivet i bred og praktisk forstand, peger Galens tekst i stedet på hvordan medicinen må og skal inddrage den filosofiske tradition hvis den skal evne at forsvare sig imod en tvivlsom mekanistisk naturfilosofi som i Galens tid trængte sig ind på både lægekunst og -videnskab og truede med at nedbryde dem indefra. Ligesom Lukians satire giver også Galens tekst et særegent indblik i diskussionen mellem flere af antikkens etablerede filosofiske retninger – såvel platonisme, aristotelisme, epikuræisme og stoicisme som »atomisme« og »vitalisme«. Samtidig fremstiller Galens tekst også en omtolkning af arven særligt fra Platon og Aristoteles hvor disse forfatteres grundlæggende »psykologiske« lære om menneskekroppen tildeles en mere »fysiologisk« prægning der på sin side synes at pege i retning af senere tiders dualisme. Endelig præsenterer teksten et af verdenshistoriens første naturvidenskabelige eksperimenter, men indenfor helt andre rammer end dem der langt senere formuleres i og med den naturvidenskabelige revolution i det 17. århundrede: Hos Galen vendtes eksperimentet imod en mekanistisk og almindeligt eksperimentel naturforståelse i et forsøg på at vise hvordan naturen egenhændigt kan fortælle og fremvise sin egen omfattende sandhed. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7907 Files in this item: 1
WP1-2009.pdf (238.5Kb) -
[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper is intended to propose a relationship-based theory of the firm (R’BT), an alternative to the transaction cost theory. The R’BT takes relationship disharmony (rather than transaction costs) as its basic unit of analysis of the nature of the firm, and argues relationship disharmony derives from conflict of interests, a problem faced by any human organizations; to reduce the conflict of interests, the best way is to harmonize relationships by mutually accommodating or internalizing the other party’s interests into its own consideration; the degree of harmony or disharmony in the relationships will in turn determine the performance of the organization in question. This paper provides a completely different explanation from the transaction cost economics when addressing issues such like the existence, boundary and internal organization of the firm. Also discussed are its implications for organizational management and economy. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7828 Files in this item: 1
wp3-2009-xl.pdf (160.1Kb) -
En ny startJespersen, Jørn; Sloth, Birgitte; Rahbek, Carsten; Hansen-Hoeck, Fie; Østrup, Finn; Møhlenberg, Flemming; Anker, Helle Tegner; Olesen, Jørgen E.; Primdahl, Jørgen; Wier, Mette; Frandsen, Søren E.; Harttung, Thomas (København, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Natur- og Landbrugskommissionen lægger med denne rapport op til at give naturen i Danmark et markant løft. Vi anbefaler også at indføre en helt ny miljøregulering af landbruget til gavn for både erhverv, vandmiljø, natur og klima, så Danmark kan sætte nye standarder for bæredygtig landbrugsproduktion. Og ikke mindst ønsker vi med vores anbefalinger at give et væsentligt bidrag til at skabe ny vækst og udvikling i landbrugserhvervet. Jeg håber, at Natur- og Landbrugskommissionen med vores anbefalinger og vores måde at arbejde på vil bidrage til, at der skabes gode, holdbare løsninger, og at konstruktiv dialog bliver den dominerende arbejdsform i de kommende år, når der skal findes svar på de udfordringer, som natur, miljø og landbrug står over for. Vi må væk fra grøftegravning og mistænkeliggørelse og frem til en mere konstruktiv samtale, der skal bane vejen for flere fælles accepterede og afbalancerede løsninger. Samfundet og de grønne interesser må acceptere, at landbruget som alle andre erhverv skal have lov til at udvikle sig. Ligesom landbruget må anerkende, at det omgivende samfund har brug for en rig natur og et rent miljø. Der er mange muligheder for at finde løsninger, som både kan give udvikling i landbrugserhvervet, beskytte miljøet og skabe mere og rigere natur. Natur, miljø og vækst er ikke nødvendigvis modsætninger, men kan og skal arbejde sammen. Gode løsninger kræver et godt samarbejde mellem de forskellige interesser. Ingen kan få det hele. Alle vil vinde ved at tænke i helheder, balancer og kompromisser. Det kræver lederskab og politisk ansvarlighed. Natur- og Landbrugskommissionen mener at have løst sin opgave på den fastsatte tid og inden for de rammer og vilkår, som regeringen udstak i sit kommissorium i foråret 2012. Kommissionens samlede anbefalinger sikrer en balance mellem hensyn til erhverv, vækst, miljø, klima og natur. Og derfor opfordrer vi til, at anbefalingerne vurderes og anvendes samlet. Vi håber, at vores anbefalinger vil danne grundlag for en konstruktiv, politisk proces i den kommende tid. Nu er det op til regering og Folketing. Jeg vil gerne takke Natur- og Landbrugskommissionens medlemmer for et engageret og konstruktivt arbejde i det forløbne år. Og tak til vores dygtige og flittige sekretariat. Og endelig en meget stor tak til vores følgegruppe og de mange mennesker og organisationer, som har bidraget til vores arbejde med ideer, vurderinger og konkrete forslag i det forløbne, meget intense år. Jeg håber, at det gode samarbejde vil fortsætte under nye former. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8851 Files in this item: 1
Oestrup_2.pdf (4.461Mb) -
Jespersen, Jørn; Sloth, Birgitte; Rahbek, Carsten; Hansen-Hoeck, Fie; Østrup, Finn; Møhlenberg, Flemming; Anker, Helle Tegner; Olesen, Jørgen E.; Primdahl, Jørgen; Wier, Mette; Frandsen, Søren E.; Harttung, Thomas (København, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Regeringen har i foråret 2012 nedsat en uafhængig Natur- og landbrugskommission. Kommissionens opgave er, at udarbejde anbefalinger til løsning af landbrugets økonomiske, strukturelle og miljømæssige udfordringer, herunder hvordan erhvervet kan bidrage til klima-, natur- og miljøindsatsen. Det fremgår af regeringsgrundlaget ’Et Danmark, der står sammen’ fra oktober 2011, at der på Danmarks areal skal være plads til at producere sunde og velsmagende fødevarer af høj kvalitet samt en varieret, mangfoldig og sammenhængende natur. Regeringen ønsker derfor et økonomisk og miljømæssigt bæredygtigt og fremtidsorienteret landbrugserhverv, der fortsat kan bidrage væsentligt til beskæftigelse og eksport i fødevaresektoren. Regeringen ønsker samtidig at stoppe tilbagegangen i og styrke biodiversiteten og forbedre miljøtilstanden i vandmiljøet og bidrage til at reducere udledningen af drivhusgasser. Regeringen peger derfor på, at der er brug for nye afbalancerede løsninger, så landbrugets rammevilkår fremadrettet understøtter en grøn omstilling med vækst og nye udviklingsmuligheder for erhvervet og samtidig styrker natur-, vandmiljø og klimaindsatsen. Natur- og Landbrugskommissionen påbegyndte sit arbejde i marts 2012 og har et år til at komme med forslag til at løse de økonomiske og miljømæssige udfordringer, som landbruget og naturen står overfor. Kommissionens anbefalinger skal præsenteres for regeringen i første halvdel af 2013. Kommissionen skal komme med konkrete forslag til, hvordan dansk landbrug og natur kan udvikles bæredygtigt både på kort og lang sigt. Kommissionens første opgave består i at udarbejde en statusredegørelse over landbrugets økonomiske situation, indtjeningsmuligheder og rammevilkår samt natur-, vandmiljø- og klimatilstanden, herunder status for implementeringen af EU- og andre internationale forpligtelser. Denne rapport udgør statusredegørelsen. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8850 Files in this item: 1
Oestrup_1.pdf (11.35Mb) -
Foss, Nicolai J.; Klein, Peter G. (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Entrepreneurship and the theory of the firm are two of the fastest-growing fields in eco-nomics and management. The two fields developed largely in isolation and are only now beginning to be brought together. We argue that each field has much to learn from the other and that combining them yields a better theory of the firm and a fuller understand-ing of the nature and effects of entrepreneurship in the economy. Specifically, the Knightian concept of entrepreneurship as judgment, combined with the Austrian ap-proach to capital heterogeneity, leads to a number of unconventional insights about the nature, boundaries, and internal organization of the firm. The judgment perspective also shifts attention from the discovery or recognition of entrepreneurial opportunities to the exploitation of those opportunities through the acquisition, combination, and recombina-tion of resources, adding to our understanding of the causes and consequences of entre-preneurship. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7461 Files in this item: 1
smg wp 2008-04.pdf (328.7Kb)