Departments Titler
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The Influence of Self-tracking on the User ExperienceSjöklint, Mimmi (Frederiksberg, 2015)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: The proliferation of technological enhancements has fundamentally changed the relationship between the individual and technology. One particular change is the increased dispersion of technology in everyday experiences through personalized information technology (IT), such as smartphones, laptops, tablets and wearable technology. This development has brought about the rise of experiential computing, which refers to the “mediation of embodied experiences in every day activities through everyday artifacts that have embedded computing capabilities” (Yoo, 2010, p.213; Jain, 2003). The emphasis is thus placed on the relationship that occurs between the user and technology as the lived experience is mediated to the user through data dashboard. This potentially transformative relationship is both intimate and complex and spurs the research interest, which asks how the user is influenced by the exposure to personal data captured by experiential computing devices and how it alters the perception of personal performance. One type of activity stemming from the dispersion of experiential computing is self-tracking. Self-tracking is a way for the user to capture and measure intimate details of the self, by using IT to collect, index and analyze personal data on life experiences. For example, the user might use an activity tracker, like the Jawbone UP, to gather numerical data on daily step and sleep activity. The exposure to this data may transform or distort the way the user initially perceived the activity by getting a new visual expression of what has occurred. To better understand the user’s reaction and counter-reactions to using experiential tools, this research suggests placing the focus on the user and analyzing it through a behavioral economics perspective. This is done by conducting empirical studies with a mixed method approach. The first study is a field study that investigates the influence on performance and perception by wearing a self-tracking device. The second study is an in-depth interview study that studies experienced self-trackers by exploring further into the perceptions of the user. This dissertation contributes to a deeper understanding of how the self-tracking user is affected by the use of experiential computing devices and the subsequent exposure to personal data. The findings suggest that the user’s analysis steps and sleep performance goes through a complex reflective process after the exposure to data that influences the perception of the initial experience. When this process involves unsatisfactory data, the user will reject the data and adopts coping tactics. The coping tactics are dismissal, procrastination, selective attention and intentional neglect. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9222 Filer i denne post: 1
Mimmi_Sjöklint.pdf (2.342Mb) -
Hotho, Jasper J. (, 2009)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: Three varieties of institutionalism currently dominate International Business studies: new institutional economics, new organizational institutionalism, and comparative historical institutionalism. Yet currently applied measures of institutional country distance predominantly build on the thought of the first two strands of institutionalism. This paper sets out to address this underrepresentation of comparative historical institutional thought in currently available measures of institutional distance. Building on Whitley’s business systems framework, a measure of institutional distance is developed and validated which captures intrinsic, substantive institutional differences in economic organization, rather than differences in institutional effectiveness. The results of the two-stage cluster analysis used to validate the selected indicators closely approximate the business systems typology, which is both indicative of the validity of this measure and of the distinctiveness of the business system types that make up the business system framework. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7946 Filer i denne post: 1
SMG WP 2009-07.pdf (975.7Kb) -
A Time Series Analysis of Eight Sectors, 1984-2012Citi, Manuele; Justesen, Mogens K. (Frederiksberg, 2013)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: Over the last three decades, EU regulation of the internal market has become highly pervasive, affecting practically all the domains of European citizens’ lives. Many studies have focused on understanding the process and causes of regulatory reform. However, these have typically been small-scale or small-n studies, with no or limited attempts to analyse the more general sources of regulatory reform. In this paper, we focus on the determinants of stability and change in EU regulation. We develop an original dataset of 169 pieces of legislation (regulations, directives and decisions) across eight different sectors, and analyse the dynamics of regulatory reform in the EU. Using time series analysis of count data, we find evidence that the number of winning coalitions in the Council and the size of EU membership have a significant impact on regulatory reform in the EU. However, the political (left-right) composition of EU’s legislative bodies has no significant impact on the process of regulatory reform. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8835 Filer i denne post: 1
Citi_Justesen.pdf (296.6Kb) -
Medhat, Mamdouh (Frederiksberg, 2015)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: These writings constitute my PhD dissertation in financial economics. The dissertation consists of three chapters. Each chapter can be read independently of the others, but all three chapters share the dissertation’s overall topic: Measuring and pricing the risk of corporate failures. The ability to adequately measure and price the risk of corporate failures is vital for creditors, shareholders, and regulators of financial institutions. Whenever a firm uses debt instruments such as loans or bonds to finance its operations, the firm may fail to meet the debt’s contractual obligations. Typically, a failure is in the form of a default on a payment of interest or principle, but can also be a violation of a covenant attached to the debt or a bankruptcy filing by the firm or by the creditors on behalf of the firm. If a firm fails, it may be forced to temporarily or permanently halt its operations, which can entail losses: Creditors may realize a loss on their promised payments, while shareholders may see their entire equity stake wiped out. Therefore, creditors and shareholders need to adequately measure the risk of a failure, so that this risk can be reflected in the prices they are willing to pay—and the returns they require—for holding a firm’s financial securities. At the same time, regulators must be able to verify that a financial institution is adequately cushioned against this risk, so that losses do not destabilize an important institution or even the financial system itself. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9137 Filer i denne post: 1
Mamdouh_Medhat.pdf (4.240Mb) -
an empirical validation of the HED/UT scaleHeijden, Hans van der; Sangstad Sørensen, Lotte (København, 2002)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
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Riis Christensen, Sverre (København, 2004)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: Consumers reactions from being exposed to sponsorships has primarily been measured and docu-mented applying cognitive information processing models to the phenomenon. In the paper it is argued that such effects are probably better modelled applying models of peripheral information processing to the measurements, and it is suggested that the effects can be measured on the atti-tudes-towards-the sponsor and on the emotion-towards-the sponsor levels. This type of modelling is known as the ELAM model, however the types of independent variables involved is new to research into sponsorship effects. Two batteries of statements, attitude words and feeling words, are developed and a study is carried out with 470 respondents, randomly selected from the population. The data are analysed and pro-vide expressions of positive and negative attitude reaction and emotional reaction that show marked differences in consumer reactions towards sponsored objects of different natures as well as towards potential sponsoring organisations. For instance, the charitable institutions measured in the study elicit larger negative emotional re-sponses than positive responses, corresponding to a negative Net Emotional Response Score (NERS). Amongst the potential sponsoring companies only one company – a tobacco manufacturer – show this profile in NERS. The variation in NERS between charitable institutions and sports insti-tutions is quite dramatic – and has a high face validity. When studying attitude responses (Net Atti-tude Response Score or NARS), the differences between sponsored institutions are much smaller, although the charitable institutions still show a structurally different profile from the cultural and sports institutions. The differences between companies in NARS are quite small and probably only significant in a few instances. The NERS and NARS data are used to illustrate a "goodness-of-fit�? measurement that companies – or organisations looking for sponsors – can use to determine whether a potential arrangement has the ability to provide the desired effects on reactions. This goodness of fit is both applied to the net scores and to the full evaluations on the attitude and emotion batteries and it seems as if the latter approach will be richer in explanatory power for a potential sponsor. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6635 Filer i denne post: 1
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Colleoni, Elanor; Arvidsson, Adam; Hansen, Lars K.; Marchesini, Andrea (Frederiksberg, 2011)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: In recent years, new digital media have become important for social networking and content sharing. Due to their large diffusion, social media platforms have also both increased the strategic importance of managing corporate reputation and rendered this more difficult. Companies are increasingly apprehensive about information and opinions that can spread through online communities rapidly without any control. While social media platforms increase the power of stakeholders, they also represent a large-scale source of information about feelings, opinions and sentiments of people that allow us to measure and monitor reputation through the analysis of user generated content in real-time. In this paper, we show how social media content can be used to measure the online reputation of a company. Furthermore, we present an open platform that uses a sentiment analysis algorithm on twitter traffic to monitor the real time evolution of company reputation. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8730 Filer i denne post: 1
Colleoni_Arvidsson_Hansen_Marchesin.pdf (384.8Kb) -
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URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8995 Filer i denne post: 1
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Hsuan, Juliana; Prockl, Günter (Frederiksberg, 2013)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: Purpose - 3PL services are more or less individually designed bundles of logistics operations that are provided on the basis of a long term relationship between logistics service providers and their clients mostly in industry and retail. The appropriate degree of the individuality is however subject to a trade-off between the creation of complexity to reflect individual customer needs and the realization of synergy effects by the replication of common elements and the multiplied utilization of relevant resources for different customers. The appropriate mix of the more individual elements and the more common elements is seen as a major success factor for the design of the service propositions. Design/methodology/approach - The explorative paper is combining major elements and frameworks from different interdisciplinary research streams, such as modularity and service design and adapts them to the subject of third party logistics. Findings - As a major result the paper is providing a conceptual model for the systematic and formal description of modularity and individuality in the configuration of third party logistics services. The model thus serves as a tool to classify and categorize degrees of complexity that are embedded in TPL settings. Research limitations/implications (if applicable) - As our research is still in the exploratory stage, we do not offer empirical findings. Practical implications - Our findings can help firms to better understand the critical factors in their current TPL service offerings and how to replicate or (re)design the new services offered. Depending on the level of complexity of the TPL services, firms need also to consider the implications of the replication and/or (re)design on the configuration of the supply chain, especially downstream. Originality/value - The paper crosses disciplinary boundaries and combines relevant research streams to provide a sound foundation for the categorization and classification of TPL services and for new service design/development (NSD) and supply chain configuration. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8813 Filer i denne post: 1
Prockl_3.pdf (408.7Kb) -
A Tax Optimality IndexRaimondos-Møller, Pascalis; Woodland, Alan D. (København, 2004)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: This paper introduces an index of tax optimality that measures the distance of some current tax structure from the optimal tax structure in the presence of public goods. In doing so, we derive a [0, 1] number that reveals immediately how far the current tax configuration is from the optimal one and, thereby, the degree of efficiency of a tax system. We call this number the Tax Optimality Index. We show how the basic method can be altered in order to derive a revenue equivalent uniform tax, which measures the size of the public sector. A numerical example is used to illustrate the method developed. JEL Code: H21, H41. Keywords: Tax optimality index, excess burden, distance function. Authors Affiliations: Raimondos-Møller: Copenhagen Business School, CEPR, CESifo, and EPRU. Woodland: University of Sydney. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7534 Filer i denne post: 1
wpec052004.pdf (385.9Kb) -
Carl, Michael; Lacruz, Isabel; Yamada, Masaru; Aizawa, Akiko (Frederiksberg, 2016)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: By the mid-1980s it was clear that unrestricted high quality machine translation would not be achievable in the foreseeable future and alternative directions to the then dominant rule-based paradigm were proposed. The appropriate level of linguistic representation was difficult to determine, hard to compute; and translation relations were incomplete, error prone and time consuming to formalize within the current-state rule-based translation formalisms. At the same time, with the upcoming availability of Personal Computers (PCs), more translations were produced in electronic form. As translators produce translations daily, implicitly solving those translation problems that are so hard to formalize, Isabelle (1992) said that “Existing translations contain more solutions to more translation problems than any other existing resource.“ New horizons for using MT were thus sought, which led to a number of different paradigms, some of which are briefly described. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9280 Filer i denne post: 1
Michael Cral_2016_02.pdf (261.8Kb) -
Petersen, Christian; Plenborg, Thomas (København, 2007)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: ’Growth’ as a concept is often not very well understood. Growth may be measured in a variety of ways (e.g., growth in turnover, earnings, earnings per share, assets, and shareholders equity). Investors and other capital providers generally find it attractive to invest in ‘growth firms.’ For instance, earnings per share (EPS) figures are widely published and used by investors. An increase in EPS is seen as a signal of improved profitability. Likewise, growth in earnings measures such as EBIT, EBITA, EBITDA etc. seem to indicate that firms are value creating. Our paper discusses if and under what conditions growth in accounting variables (accounting numbers and financial ratios) is value creating. We find that growth in one-periodic earnings measures does not necessarily create wealth for shareholders. Only growth in economic income is value creating. Our analysis also provide evidence that users of accounting information should be aware of the quality of growth and distinguish between growth based on transitory vs. permanent components of earnings. Our analysis finally documents that growth in earnings per share or return on equity caused by share repurchases has no economic significance. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6750 Filer i denne post: 1
wp_2007-03.pdf (319.1Kb) -
Åkerstrøm Andersen, Niels (København, 2002)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
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A deliverable of the project: “Impact of the Third Sector as Social Innovation” (ITSSOIN), European Commission – 7th Framework ProgrammeBrink Lund, Anker; Lilleør, Anton Sylvest (Brussels, 2015)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: This report from the ITSSOIN-project contains content and framing analyses of 8463 items on third sector activities sampled from the year 2013 in leading national and regional newspapers from nine European countries, posing the research question: How are third sector activities and social innovation framed by European news media? The analysis is one part of the deliverable D2.3 ‘Images of the Third Sector’ of the ITSSOIN project. D2.3 has been conceptualised to evaluate perceptions of media and citizens attitudes towards the third sector. Both perspectives are published as distinct and independent papers. Readers also interested in the citizen perception find more insights in the publication ‘Empirical analyses of citizen perceptions of the third sector in Europe’. The introduction (section 1) demonstrates that little relevant media research has been published specifically on third sector activities related to social innovation policy and civic engagement. Consequently, it is argued that more empirical research is urgently needed, and that a framing perspective, drawing upon the growing literatures of agenda-setting and diffusion of innovation, is particularly relevant for studies of this kind. The media content analysis (section 2) summarizes the major trends in mediated discourse on third sector activities in the Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom 2003-2013. These tendencies are related to social innovation policy streams documenting that the latter is covered to a minimal extent. In all the countries under study, journalism tends to neglect innovative performances by the third sector. In so doing, mass media may not directly influence public opinion by telling people what to think, but rather indirectly by indicating to the decision makers what (not) to act upon. The framing analysis (section 3) indicates that third sector activities – in marked contrast to business and politics – do not have high priority as a news reporting beat in their own right. The third sector is primarily mediated with localized references to specific organizations and individuals performing advocacy and services provision on a non-profit basis. In the relatively few instances where social innovation policy in a more general sense is related to the third sector media coverage, the reporting is overwhelmingly loyal to government views. Four hypotheses are tested (section 4) showing that the press framing of the third sector is generally positive. It is also demonstrated how social innovativeness is less pronounced in press coverage than other civil society values, e.g. voluntarism and civic engagement. Most of the press coverage is consensus-oriented leaving little room for anti-establishment frames. Especially after the financial crisis of 2008, “volunteering” and “civil society” have become political catchwords regarded by governments as well as journalist to be universal solutions to social problems. Finally, an affinity between the media framing of different third sector fields and civil society roles is indicated. Advocacy is particularly emphasised in relation to environmental sustainability and community development. Service provision is stronger in relation to social services and healthcare. Please note that the study is explorative rather than explanatory in scope. Accordingly, we advise caution in drawing general conclusion from the limited amount of data available (section 5), and call for more empirical and comparative research involving a broader variety of media platforms, including electronic- and social media. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9187 Filer i denne post: 1
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The Role of Technology in Sustainable Tourism GovernanceBudeanu, Adriana (Frederiksberg, 2012)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: Tourism has a dualistic nature characterised on the one hand by a high resilience and constant growth and on the other hand by a short-term greed of “consuming” its own life support systems: nature, culture and communities (Snepenger, Snepenger, Dalbey, & Wessol, 2007). Both aspects are constantly spurred by the rapid changes in demand and the diversity of supply, and the intrinsic importance that tourism has gained in individual lifestyles and in national economies. In addition, the strong influence of globalization on the institutional, organizational and policy formulation (Hall, 2005), determines three major aspects of tourism: the expansion of demand, the concentration of supply and increased similarities in demand. (Cornelissen, 2005) Consequently, the fragile balance required by a sustainable tourism development (European Commission, 2003a), (UNEP / UNWTO / WMO, 2008) is often at risk from conflicting goals of conservation versus development plans for tourism. Mixed approaches that combine top-down governance models with bottom-up collaborative strategies and policy networks are considered able to provide resilient decision making systems able to cope with unexpected challenges or conflict situations. These are characterized by shared rule-making and agreements between interdependent actors with divergent opinions and goals (Elzen, Geels, & Ken, 2004). Ultimately, a significant progress towards sustainability can be achieved by fostering changes of meaning and concepts, infrastructures and user-learning processes (Ehrenfeld, 2001). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8508 Filer i denne post: 1
Budeanu.pdf (222.2Kb) -
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Seabrooke, Leonard (København, 2008)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: Quasi-public institutions are significant but unsung players in the contemporary international financial order. What can be understood as quasi-public institutions (QPIs) have been created by states or private associations to provide a means of mediating private capital with public value, typically attracting domestic and international investment in order to foster and further a domestic agenda that has strong support from the broader population. As such they fit awkwardly with common perceptions of the international political economy as dominated institutions that reflect either state or market interests. QPIs do both and have emerged as institutional responses to domestic crises that then go on to have a role in shaping the world economy. QPIs that issue collaterized securities from mortgage credit, be they public or private in origin, reflect this institutional form given that their purpose is to bring together private capital and public value. This purpose also makes QPIs sensitive to everyday politics, given that they were created to reflect a broad social purpose rather than only elite interests. This article discusses the development of QPIs for mortgage bonds in a liberal market economy, the U.S., and a coordinated market economy, Denmark. I suggest that QPIs’ values have been challenged by de-regulatory and re-regulatory trends in recent decades. I suggest that QPIs call upon us to question how we identify actors in the international financial order as either public or private, and the importance of everyday politics in fostering institutional innovations that have significant knock-on effects for the world economy. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7333 Filer i denne post: 1
wp cbp 2008-43.pdf (196.9Kb) -
Vorschlag für einen „Check Verbraucherpolitik und Verbraucherbeteiligung“Hagen, Kornelia; Micklitz, Hans-W.; Oehler, Andreas; Reisch, Lucia A.; Strünck, Christoph (Berlin, 2011)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: Wirken politische Maßnahmen so, wie sie sollen? Stehen Kosten und Nutzen solcher Maßnahmen in einem angemessenen Verhältnis? Die Forderung nach einer stärkeren empirischen Evidenz für die Bewertung und Planung politischer Maßnahmen kommt von verschiedenen Seiten. Anhänger einer stärkeren Deregulierung und Privatisierung fordern mehr Evidenz, weil sie skeptisch sind gegenüber staatlicher Regulierung. Lobbyismus- Kritiker fordern mehr Evidenz, weil sie damit den Einfluss von Interessengruppen sichtbar machen und zügeln wollen. Und Anhänger eines nachhaltigen, strategischen Konzepts glauben, dass politische Maßnahmen so weniger anfällig werden für die Hektik der Tagespolitik URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8400 Filer i denne post: 1
Lucia_A_Reisch_2011.pdf (1.016Mb) -
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branding af nationer, regioner og byerBuhl Pedersen, Søren; Tangkjær, Christian; Linde-Lauersen, Anders (København, 2003)[Flere oplysninger][Færre oplysninger]
Resume: De seneste årtier har brand management og branding strategier fået større og større prioritet for organisationer i deres bestræbelser på at positionere sig på markedet. Det gælder først og fremmest kommercielt drevne organisationer, men i stadig større grad er også politisk styrede organisationer blevet opmærksomme på vigtigheden af at have et stærkt brand. De seneste år har branding imidlertid bevæget sig ind i andre politiske felter, nemlig branding af steder, som byen, regionen og nationen – ja, selv en supranational størrelser som EU bliver brandet. Byer, regioner og nationer indretter sig i stigende grad efter markedets krav om på den ene side konkret organisering af for eksempel arbejdskraft og økonomi, og på den anden side fortællinger om oplevelser, værdier og erfaringer som knytter sig til disse steder. Derfor er disse territoriale enheder begyndt at formulere sig selv som attraktive brands, der profilerer stedernes særlige kvaliteter. Nærværende paper forsøger at analysere profileringen af steder som en praksis der balancerer mellem bordering og branding som to parallelle logikker. Det er hypotesen, at forholdet mellem disse logikker kan aflæses i den måde, som forskellige brands fremstiller steder med både sentimentalitet og ironi. Anvendelsen af dette perspektiv indbærer, at der tænkes en direkte sammenhæng mellem de former for organisering, som præger nationer, byer og regioner, og den måde som disse steder symboliseres gennem brands. Paperet falder i to sektioner: én om vilkårene for branding som symbolsk praksis under det globale, og én om den reelle organisering, som de bestemte symbolske former er udtryk for. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6326 Filer i denne post: 1
wp4-2003sbpctall.pdf (1.804Mb)