Browsing Departments by Title
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Hansson, Finn; Brenneche, Nicolaj Tofte; Mønsted, Mette; Fransson, Torsten (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In this report the key findings of an extensive literature review and an empirical survey of collaboration projects within the fields of sustainable energy and climate change are presented. The main objectives of the report is 1) to develop an analytical framework of innovation systems and to identify important managerial and organisational challenges pertinent to collaboration projects linking actors from within the Triangle of Knowledge (Innovation, Education and Research) and 2) to report on major collaboration patterns and on the basis hereof identify the most important types of collaborations known by the partners of SUCCESS. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6347 Files in this item: 1
wpx1-2008.pdf (1.393Mb) -
Hald, Kim Sundtoft; Olsen, Morten Albin (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Using a combined conceptual and single case-based research methodology, we explore the process connecting a buyers attempt to transfer its sustainability requirements with its suppliers’ willingness to participate. We conclude that buyer promoted sustainability practices in the supply chain can be understood as multiple decision problems. The case illustrate how accounting devices play major roles in resolving these decision problems, and how decision criteria apparently unconnected to the sustainability issue affect the outcome of the sustainability transferral process in the supply chain. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8273 Files in this item: 1
FTHE-Euroma-1557777.pdf (106.4Kb) -
Kinra, Aseem (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The spatial scope of organisations has recently been reemphasised in the context of supply chains and supply chain management. This scope is usually accompanied by uncertainty to organisations, especially for the extended supply chain with geographically dispersed operations and activities, thus posing environmental complexity in the form of risks and costs that organisations need to contend with. The main purpose of this dissertation is to create a deep understanding of this environmental complexity facing the extended supply chain, and the main research objective is to develop a construct, consisting of factors and measures, that can aid in describing its state in the context of logistics. Overall, the dissertation assumes an international business (IB) standpoint in undertaking this task whereby it is argued that countries and borders matter, and that differences between country environments lead to environmental complexity in the geographically dispersed supply chain. Country-oriented constraints may then exist at macro-economic level, or the micro-/meso- e.g. firm, network and industry levels of the business environment. In this dissertation, supply chain (logistics) environmental complexity is developed and operationalised in terms of the range and heterogeneity of country-oriented macro- logistics factors that need to be considered in extended, cross-border, or global supply chain (logistics) operations. The remainder of this dissertation is thereafter dedicated to finding these factors, and their respective information measures, by the application of a decision-making approach. A decision factor is one that influences the decision on selection with regards to environmental complexity, and an information measure is a unit of measurement that aids decision-making by providing some information on the factor. The findings of this dissertation are based upon multiple literature reviews, content analyses and expert opinions, and suggest the importance of 17 such decision factors and 187 different types of information measures, which describe the state of environmental complexity in extended, cross-border, or global supply chain operations. The study is particularly relevant from the perspective of strategy and design issues in global supply chain management, international operations management and international business, and more specifically for environmental scanning and decision-making applications such as site location and transport mode selection. By applying the results of this dissertation decision-makers may, for example, get a preliminary idea of the environmental complexity surrounding their extended supply chains. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7823 Files in this item: 1
Aseem_Kinra.pdf (28.74Mb) -
A framework for understanding the choice behaviour of the modern food consumerHansen, Torben; Thomsen, Thyra Uth (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
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Kaspersen, Lars Bo; Gabriel, Norman (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Relational social theory can be found in the works of Hegel, Marx, Simmel, Mannheim, Mead, Saussure, Lévi-Strauss, Althusser, Foucault and Bourdieu. However, one of the most consistent relational thinkers is Norbert Elias. In order to develop his figurational and relational social theory Elias makes two claims: 1) the only theoretically sustainable point of departure for a social theory is to study human beings, human society (and maybe also other animals but we leave this aside for the moment!) in a relational perspective! This claim is justified by a number of arguments among others his critique of methodological individualism, methodological holism, individual-society categories and the homo clauses perspective. 2) The other important assumption that Elias makes concerns the smallest social unit – a survival unit. In other words, the first social relation to be studied is not the single individual or a man-woman relation (family) or man-nature (subject-object). The first unit of analysis is the double relational binding of human beings in social groups. In the first order we find the relation between survival units (‘state’-‘state’). In a second order we find relations between families and individuals within each of the survival units. We accept these two claims and we intend to contribute to a further substantiation of these two claims. Moreover, we shall raise a particular problem which is not sufficiently addressed in Elias’s work or in the critical literature on Elias. In particular we shall explore the problem of survival units. Elias assumes that human societies from very early on were divided into survival units (it is plausible that this can be traced back to approx. 4 million years ago when Australopithecus afarensis and upright walking began to spread). These survival units have been demarcated; in other words, they have demarcated themselves towards other units, and units from outside have generated a demarcation. The questions we need to address concern the problem of demarcation: a) Why are these survival units demarcated towards each other? Why has this been the case for at least 4 million years? b) Why has the world not at any point been one survival unit? Is it a plausible future development? Can the world turn into one state/survival unit? We shall argue that although Elias has given an explanation for this demarcation, he has overlooked another mechanism sustaining the separation between units. Furthermore, by incorporating Hegel and Clausewitz into Elias’s relational theory we shall demonstrate that an answer to these two questions is possible. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7361 Files in this item: 1
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Red thread from a WorkshopProckl, Günter; Gammelgaard, Britta (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Sustainability in business is clearly recognized as a very important topic which is intensively discussed in theory and practice. (When it comes to the social and ecological aspects of sustainability, the logistics and transportation industry is often considered one of the prime suspects to be identified as a major polluter reluctant to implement changes and improvements. A workshop was designed and organized in the fall of 2011 to start a discussion on the role that the logistics service industry plays or should play in the sustainability business. The clear objective was to work on the issue – not from the viewpoint of politics and society, not from the viewpoint of industry and the retail sector, and not from that of academia ‐ but from the view of the logistics service providers. In other words, the workshop was designed to help develop a clear statement of the role of the logistics industry. A statement of the logistics industry’s role as the logistics industry understands it. This short paper recapitulates the red thread of the workshop discussions and ends with a summary. This summary is meant as a first draft of a manifest of the industry regarding their view towards the topic of sustainability. It provides statements in response to four basic questions regarding sustainability. As this manifest is made by a focused, but in size and geography limited group, it is of course not representative. Therefore we would like to encourage everyone from the industry in addition to those from outside the industry to support us with comments. Tell us if and why you agree or not, and how we could improve and augment the statements made. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8585 Files in this item: 1
Prockl_Gammelgaard.pdf (405.4Kb) -
A critical management studies comparative assessment based on Japanese industrial relations researchTackney, Charles T. (, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: At the core of the present global crisis lies an ideological oversight that indicates standard business models are subject to fail due to moral hazard: managerial prerogative, particularly the U.S. variant, is not self-regulating in respect to either corporate risk or the stewardship of stakeholder trust. We know there is variance in national political economies, but less is known about legal factors informing firm-specific variance, especially as these regards trust and transparency. This paper reports research seeking to bridge this ‘gap’ by the introduction of comparative legal ecology employment models of the enterprise. The construct is derived from reflection upon industrial relations research into the existence and nature of Japan’s ‘lifetime employment system’. Construct parameters include employment security, labor unions and the degree of employee participation permitted (if any); model schematics are offered for the United States of America, Germany, Japan, Denmark, and the People’s Republic of China. The comparative models help to account for variance in the legal extent and nature of managerial prerogative, job security, and the degree of information, power, and resource transparency of any enterprise. These offer, in consequence, clear and clearly comparative benchmarks of industrial democracy. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7918 Files in this item: 1
wp 2009-1.pdf (332.2Kb) -
effekter af at harmonisere selskabslovgivningen i EUBennedsen, Morten; Nielsen, Kasper (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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a case of not learning from AsiaNarula, Rajneesh (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Undersøgelse udført for Arbejdsdirektoratet i perioden august 2008 til april 2009Mik-Meyer, Nanna; Just Christensen, Bodil; Brehm Johansen, Mette (, 2009)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8213 Files in this item: 1
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Iversen, Mikael (København, 2000)[More information][Less information]
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Motivation and Outcomes of Complementary and Synergistic Knowledge NetworksNielsen, Bo B. (København, 2000)[More information][Less information]
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[More information][Less information]
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Elming, Jakob (Frederiksberg, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Reordering has been an important topic in statistical machine translation (SMT) as long as SMT has been around. State-of-the-art SMT systems such as Pharaoh (Koehn, 2004a) still employ a simplistic model of the reordering process to do non-local reordering. This model penalizes any reordering no matter the words. The reordering is only selected if it leads to a translation that looks like a much better sentence than the alternative. Recent developments have, however, seen improvements in translation quality following from syntax-based reordering. One such development is the pre-translation approach that adjusts the source sentence to resemble target language word order prior to translation. This is done based on rules that are either manually created or automatically learned from word aligned parallel corpora. We introduce a novel approach to syntactic reordering. This approach provides better exploitation of the information in the reordering rules and eliminates problematic biases of previous approaches. Although the approach is examined within a pre-translation reordering framework, it easily extends to other frameworks. Our approach significantly outperforms a state-of-the-art phrase-based SMT system and previous approaches to pretranslation reordering, including (Li et al., 2007; Zhang et al., 2007b; Crego & Mari˜ no, 2007). This is consistent both for a very close language pair, English-Danish, and a very distant language pair, English-Arabic. We also propose automatic reordering rule learning based on a rich set of linguistic information. As opposed to most previous approaches that extract a large set of rules, our approach produces a small set of predominantly general rules. These provide a good reflection of the main reordering issues of a given language pair. We examine the influence of several parameters that may have influence on the quality of the rules learned. Finally, we provide a new approach for improving automatic word alignment. This word alignment is used in the above task of automatically learning reordering rules. Our approach learns from hand aligned data how to combine several automatic word alignments to one superior word alignment. The automatic word alignments are created from the same data that has been preprocessed with different tokenization schemes. Thus utilizing the different strengths that different tokenization schemes exhibit in word alignment. We achieve a 38% error reduction for the automatic word alignment URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7922 Files in this item: 1
jakob_elming.pdf (1.033Mb) -
Approaches to Knowledge Management PracticeSanchez, Ron (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper explains two fundamental approaches to knowledge management. The tacit knowledge approach emphasizes understanding the kinds of knowledge that individuals in an organization have, moving people to transfer knowledge within an organization, and managing key individuals as knowledge creators and carriers. By contrast, the explicit knowledge approach emphasizes processes for articulating knowledge held by individuals, the design of organizational approaches for creating new knowledge, and the development of systems (including information systems) to disseminate articulated knowledge within an organization. The relative advantages and disadvantages of both approaches to knowledge management are summarized. A synthesis of tacit and knowledge management approaches is recommended to create a hybrid design for the knowledge management practices in a given organization. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7224 Files in this item: 1
wp04-01.pdf (147.0Kb) -
Jeppesen, Soeren (, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The international literature on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has focused on large rms, in the North, mostly applying normative, universal and positivist approaches. However, over the last 10-15 years increasing attention has been directed towards micro, small and medium-sized rms, SMEs. While the focus on CSR in SMEs mainly has been con ned to a Northern context, limited, though growing, focus has been on CSR in SMEs in a Southern or developing country context. The paper assesses the contributions on CSR and SMEs in Development. It does so by presenting three dominant and con icting perceptions of SMEs in the CSR literature (SMEs as problems vs. SMEs as innovators; SMEs as miniature versions of large rms vs. SMEs in their own right; SMEs responding to voluntary approaches vs. SMEs responding to state regulation). The paper then takes stock of what we know about CSR, SMEs and Development (concerning environmental issues; labour, safety & health; global supply chains; and nally CSR and SMEs in Clusters) and what we don’t know. The paper nally argues in favour of a critical research based on a) focus on Southern perspectives, b) SMEs in their own right, and c) application of context-sensitive approaches. It advocates the key issues of a critical CSR in SMEs in Development research agenda should be focused at the interface between SME, CSR and Development issues. It presents four main parts or areas of such an agenda and three suggestions concerning policy initiatives, before it brie y concludes on the changes that the eld has undergone over the 10-15 years observed. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7947 Files in this item: 1
wp 2009-9.pdf (1.274Mb) -
What Do We Know? Where Do We Go?Leca, Bernard; Battilana, Julie; Boxenbaum, Eva (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper analyzes the literature that has been published on institutional entrepreneurship since Paul DiMaggio introduced this notion in 1988. Based on a systematic selection and analysis of articles, the paper outlines an emerging consensus on the definition and process of institutional entrepreneurship. It also presents the enabling conditions that have been previously identified and reviews the research methods that have been applied to the study of institutional entrepreneurship. Finally, based on this analysis, this paper highlights future directions for research on this topic. Researchers may use this paper to build targeted and sophisticated research designs that add value to the emerging body of literature on institutional entrepreneurship. Keywords: Institutional Entrepreneur, Institutional Change, Paradox of Embedded Agency URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6705 Files in this item: 1
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Hull Kristensen, Peer; Lotz, Maja (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper suggests that it is time to take the agency of teams seriously. Whereas the debate has previously focused on how firms may function more effectively by using team-based work-organization, our aim is to discuss and understand how teams effect the evolutionary dynamic of companies. Fieldwork in four Danish manufacturing companies helped us discover that firms as “communities of teams” are highly dynamic entities with complex layers of different team forms that operate, innovate and improve by constantly recombining work, collaborating across organizational divisions and redistributing authority, thereby challenging some of the existing “idioms” of team research and theories of the firm. The paper builds on these findings as we attempt to rethink research on teams by re-describing the evolutionary dynamics of firms and suggesting some themes that call for comparative research. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8205 Files in this item: 1
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[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8004 Files in this item: 1
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a narratological perspective on international acquisitionSøderberg, Anne-Marie; Cardel Gertsen, Martine (Frederiksberg, 2000)[More information][Less information]