Browsing Departments by Title
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A model of integrative strategy making processesJuul Andersen, Torben; Bernhard Nielsen, Bo (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: There is general consensus that coordination and integration are needed to achieve efficient outcomes while distributed decision power and autonomous actions are essential to develop innovative responses. These dual requirements for operational optimization and ongoing business innovation capture the essence of organizational ambidexterity as the means to sustain performance over time when environmental conditions change. This paper incorporates strategic management and organization theoretical rationales in a model that combines elements of integration and experimentation in the strategy making process and thereby extends the evolving literature on the ambidextrous organization. The performance relationships of the ambidextrous integrative strategy making model are investigated on the basis of a cross-sectional sample of 185 business entities operating in different manufacturing industries. Results of structural equation analyses indicate that superior performance in the ambidextrous organizations is associated with efficiencies derived from adherence to centralized strategic planning and effectiveness generated by decentralized innovative behavior through participation and autonomous actions. The study enhances our understanding of ambidexterity as the result of combined strategy making processes that balance the needs for economic efficiency and organizational adaptability. Key words: Ambidexterity, Dispersed decision-making, Innovation, Participatory decision-making, Strategic planning URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7424 Files in this item: 1
2007-12.pdf (477.9Kb) -
Convergence or Divergence?Bislev, Sven (København, 1997)[More information][Less information]
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Banghøj, Jesper; Plenborg, Thomas (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We explore the impact of stock pay and stock holdings on the pay to performance sensitivity in Denmark. Our research is motivated by the fact that most non-UK/US studies ignore stock based pay and stock holdings when measuring the pay to performance sensitivity. Further, most studies that explore the pay to performance relation apply the Black and Scholes approach assuming that the executive is both risk neutral due to hedge possibilities and well diversified. However, as pointed by Hall and Murphy (2002) executives are neither risk neutral nor well diversified. We adopt the certainty equivalence approach developed by Lambert et al (1991) to demonstrate that in a setting where executives are risk averse and undiversified there is a gap between the cost of granting stock options and the value, which executives receive from the same stock option program. Our findings indicate that the Danish level of pay is lower than in the UK and the US but more in line with the pay in other Scandinavian countries. Further, our results show that stock options are less frequently used to compensate Danish executives. On the other hand, stock ownership seems to be a more popular way to align the interests of the management and the shareholders than stock options. Furthermore, including stock holdings affect our four pay to performance sensitivity measures significantly. We also demonstrate that the pay to performance sensitivity is considerably lower than indicated by the Black and Scholes approach. Finally, the pay to performance sensitivity is on average smaller in Denmark than in the US. However, the pay to performance sensitivity seems similar in Denmark and the UK. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6741 Files in this item: 1
wp_2007-01.pdf (277.2Kb) -
Sanden, Guro Refsum (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: One important effect of globalisation for the multinational corporation (MNC) is the increasing diversity of the workforce, which becomes clear through the variety of different language backgrounds found among employees at all levels of the organisation. In order to overcome the linguistic barriers presented by the multilingual workforce, MNCs may try to implement various language policies or strategies to regulate the internal communicative environment, for example by adopting a common corporate language, or deploy language management tools such as language training for employees or use of translation services. However, these language policies may have consequences unanticipated by the management, and could possibly affect the company in ways far beyond the scope of the linguistic-communicative area. This paper attempts to examine the role of corporate language policies and their effects for the internal communication patterns of a MNC. It is argued that the importance of language as a precondition for successful employee collaboration implies that language policies should not be developed in isolation from the organisational context, but instead be employed with the purpose of supporting the overall goals and objectives of the corporation. If the MNC fails to adequately address the language issue of its organisation, the problems may potentially escalate to the extent that they negatively affect the operation of the firm and its economic performance. Finally, it is argued that language policies can be both reactive, building on previous language experiences, and proactive, as a management tool to help shape the future language practices of a company and its employees. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8685 Files in this item: 1
Sanden.pdf (269.4Kb) -
The International IPSERA Workshop on Customer Attractiveness, Supplier Satisfaction and Customer Value. 25-26 November 2010Ellegaard, Chris; Freytag, Per V. (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Reports on supply chain management (SCM) failure are becoming more frequent in the SCM literature, despite widespread recognition of the business potential associated with such optimizations of operational buyer-supplier interfaces. Some failures can be ascribed to imbalances in the net benefits realized by the buying and supplying company implementing SCM. Failed SCM initiatives hurt the buying company’s customer attractiveness and limit opportunities for long term value creation with suppliers. Hence, an important task for the buying company is the management of SCM initiatives in a way that benefits both parties. However, SCM costs and benefits often materialise as the result of complex interactive processes between buyer and supplier actors, which makes SCM a challenging management task. To increase the understanding of these complex processes, this study identifies the various types of supplier costs and benefits resulting from the failed VMI initiative of a multinational company. While the benefits from this case turn out to be few, the costs appear in large variety and scale. More importantly, we uncover the underlying mechanisms generating these costs, thereby enabling managers to identify and avoid the costs. Based on the findings, we propose pre-project classification of supplier VMI readiness to allow more beneficial implementation as a key managerial implication. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8229 Files in this item: 1
CEPFpaperAttrWorkshopNov2010.pdf (292.5Kb) -
Cost-benefit-beregningHøjbjerg Jacobsen, Rasmus (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: I perioden januar-august 2011 har CEBR udført en analyseopgave for Landsforeningen BEDRE PSYKIATRI. Formålet med projektet har været at undersøge det samfundsøkonomiske potentiale for forøget inddragelse af pårørende i behandlingen af personer med psykisk sygdom i Danmark. Specifikt har det været formålet at gennemføre en cost-benefit beregning af familieintervention og inddragelse af pårørende på baggrund af de faktiske livsforløb for patienter med psykisk sygdom i Danmark og de resultater af effekter af familieintervention og pårørendeinddragelse, der kan findes i faglitteraturen. Undervejs har en række personer givet værdifulde kommentarer til projektet, og forfatteren vil gerne takke alle herfor. Særlig tak skal rettes til Martin Junge fra CEBR, professor Søren Bo Nielsen, CBS, samt Thorstein Theilgaard og Jens Peter Dam Eckardt Jensen fra BEDRE PSYKIATRI. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8578 Files in this item: 1
Rasmus_H_Jacobsen_2011.pdf (390.7Kb) -
Casestudie af tilbudsaviser i detailhandlenØstergaard Jacobsen, Per; Varnes, Claus (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Vores fokus med denne analyse har været at beskrive virkningsgraden af markedsføringsindsatsen i detailhandlen, primært tilbudsaviserne, ved at se på konverteringerne fra kendskab til køb. Institut for Produktion og Erhvervøkonomi (PEØ) har siden 2005 gennemført konferrencer og analyser om virkningsgrader og effekt af marketing. Da vi simultant har konstateret en nærmest eksplosiv vækst i marketingindsatsen, er vores interesse for en nærmere undersøgelse blever skærpet. Dette er interessent i relation til netop effekt og virkningsgrader, da netop dagligvarehandlen udgør ca. 15 % af privatforbruget og dermed fylder meget i vores hverdag. Der er i de seneste år gennemført en lang række analyser og undersøgelser, der enten taler for eller imod anvendelse af tilbudsaviser. Senest har regeringen indført en ny afgift på tilbudsaviser, der træder i kraft i 2013, og i regeringsgrundlaget står der, at man ønsker at indføre en ”Ja Tak” ordning til afløsning af den nuværende ”Nej Tak” ordning. Den grafiske branche har gennemføret en række analyser, forskellige reklame- og medie-bureauer har produceret en del analyser, distributørerne (Post Danmark og Forbruger Kontakt) har her i efteråret gennemført en fælles analyse. Konkurrence- og Forbrugerstyrelsen har ligeledes gennemføret en omfattende analyse om dagligvaremarkedet i sommeren 2011. Vi har ingen interesser eller politiske tilknytninger i relation til branchen eller dens organisationer. Vi ønsker udelukkende at forholde os til økonomisk relaterede observationer, effekten og sammenhængen mellem disse elementer. Altså virkningsgraden af reklamen. Vi vil med denne økonomiske analyse forsøge at forholde os til virkningsgraden af marketingindsatsen i detailhandlen gennem de seneste 5 år. Siden John Wanamaker i tidernes morgen udtalte; "I know half of my advertising is wasted. I just don’t know which half” har der været fokus på virkningsgraden af markedsføring. Særligt har der i de seneste år været et stigende ønske om at se på effekten af marketingindsatsen. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8424 Files in this item: 1
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Abstract: Denne analyse af folkeskolen anvender DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) som et redskab til at foretage ”realistisk benchmarking”, hvor der i for-hold til den enkelte folkeskole identificeres relevante forbilleder, der på den ene side ligner skolen meget, men på den anden side gør det bedre. Sammenligningen tager udgangspunkt i de karakterer eleverne opnår ved afgangseksamen i 9. klasse. KREVIs analyse af folkeskolens faglige kvalitet viste, at forskelle i skolernes faglige kvalitet spiller en signifikant rolle, når karakterforskellene skal forklares. Selvom forskelle i elevernes sociale baggrund og individuelle forskelle under alle omstændigheder er den mest væsentlige årsag til forskelle i karakterer. Der er således god grund til at sammenligne skoler med relevante forbilleder. Da der desuden er væsentlige forskelle i skolernes ressourceforbrug, giver det god mening at lave realistisk benchmarking på sammenhængene mellem faglighed og ressourceforbrug for at vurdere effektiviteten. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8574 Files in this item: 4
Bilag_1_Wittrup_Bogetoft_2011.pdf (439.9Kb)Bilag_2_Wittrup_Bogetoft_2011.pdf (353.0Kb)Bilag_3_Wittrup_Bogetoft_2011.pdf (528.0Kb)Rapport_Wittrup_Bogetoft_2011.pdf (1.306Mb) -
A Taxonomy of Knowledge Transfer CostsHusman, Tina Brandt (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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Zinner Henriksen, Helle; Viborg Andersen, Kim; Juul, Niels Christian (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Sammenfatning af undersøgelsen En netop gennemført spørgeskemaundersøgelse afdækker et betydeligt skift i kommunernes anvendelse af Internettet til indkøb i 2004 i forhold til to og fem år tidligere, hvor tilsvarende undersøgelser blev gennemført. Hvor det i 2002 var de mindre kommuner der var bedre til at søge information om vareindkøb på nettet, er dette billede dramatisk ændret i 2004. De mellemstore kommuner og store kommuner har distanceret de mindre kommuner. Det er overvejende de store kommuner der anvender e-indkøb og udnytter en stor del af de muligheder e-indkøb giver. De danske kommuner har i betydeligt omfang taget Internettet til sig på indkøbsområdet. Fra for fem år siden at være stort set uberørt af Internettet, er det i dag mindre end 2 procent der ikke køber ind via Internettet dagligt, ugentligt eller månedligt. De danske kommuner klarer sig ikke bare godt vurderet ud fra tidligere års præstationer, men også sammenlignet med norske kommuner som har indgået i undersøgelsen. De norske kommuner der medvirkede i undersøgelsen, er således på samme niveau, som de danske var for godt to år siden. Undersøgelsen viser, at den væsentligste drivkraft for implementering er forbedring af arbejdsrutiner, mens økonomiske besparelser kommer længere nede af listen. Trods den positive vurdering af mulighederne for bedre arbejdsrutiner og økonomiske besparelser, er kun 3% af kommunernes leverandører e-indkøbs leverandører, mindre end 1% af kommunernes indkøbsbudget anvendes online og blot 3% af kommunernes fakturaer modtages som e-fakturaer. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6444 Files in this item: 1
03_2005.pdf (321.0Kb) -
Bennedsen, Morten; Nielsen, Kasper (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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EDI applications in DenmarkViborg Andersen, Kim; Juul, Niels Christian; Bjørn-Andersen, Niels; Bunker, Deborah (København, 2000)[More information][Less information]
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Theory and ExperimentsAndersen, Steffen; Fountain, John; Harrison, Glenn W.; Rutström, E. Elisabet (, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Subjective beliefs play a role in many economic decisions. There is a large theoretical literature on the elicitation of beliefs, and an equally large empirical literature. However, there is a gulf between the two. The theoretical literature proposes a range of procedures that can be used to recover beliefs, but stresses the need to make strong auxiliary assumptions or “calibrating adjustments” to elicited reports in order to recover the latent belief. With some notable exceptions, the empirical literature seems intent on either making those strong assumptions or ignoring the need for calibration. We make three contributions to bridge this gulf. First, we offer a general theoretical framework in which the belief elicitation task can be viewed as an exchange of state-dependent commodities between two traders. Second, we provide a specific elicitation procedure which has clear counterparts in field betting environments, and that is directly motivated by our theoretical framework. Finally, we illustrate how one can jointly estimate risk attitudes and subjective beliefs using structural maximum likelihood methods. This allows the observer to make inferences about the latent subjective belief, calibrating for virtually any well-specified model of choice under uncertainty. We demonstrate our procedures with an experiment in which we elicit subjective probabilities over three future events and one fact. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7799 Files in this item: 1
wp2009-3.pdf (2.043Mb) -
en vigtig nøgle til forståelse af Japans økonomi og erhvervspolitikVittrup, Jens Peter (København, 1999)[More information][Less information]
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Bülow, Anne Marie (, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper investigates the advantages and disadvantages of the use of email to obtain agreement between two parties with overlapping but also conflicting interests. The literature on Media Richness suggests that email is too lean to facilitate agreement; but all supporting evidence stems from homogenous populations. This paper, however, starts from the hypothesis that in connection with lingua franca interaction, the text format provides advantages for parties that need to think how to phrase an argument. However, the evidence provided from a negotiation task performed by international business students indicates that, while there is a distinct advantage in the feature of reviewability, the text format itself also poses a problem because it allows selective attention. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7923 Files in this item: 1
Working Paper 1-2009.pdf (168.5Kb) -
Argument, Cognition and Deadlock in Email NegotiationBülow, Anne Marie (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper investigates a set of email negotiations in order to explain a high number of deadlocks. The paper argues that one reason is the combination of cognitive effort characteristic of the e-mail genre, and the argumentative pattern found when two parties simultaneously try to persuade the other of the justice of their cause. For a negotiation involving the wording of a contract, the evidence suggests that, while there is a distinct advantage in the features of reviewability and revisablity, the email format allows selective attention to the other party’s arguments, which can be shown to block suggestions and lead to sub-optimal results. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8239 Files in this item: 1
Email working paper.pdf (102.9Kb) -
la Cour, Anders (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Over the past few years, there has been a growing interest in the voluntary organisations that play an important and innovative part in the development of the welfare societies in America (se Salamon 1995;1997; Alexander, Nank and Stivers C. 1999; Reisch and Sommerfeld 2003), England (se Plowden 2003) and Scandinavian (se... .) . The states, in particular, has realised that a number of welfare tasks cannot be solved without establishing a close working relationship with the existing voluntary social sector. The added political interest has led to greater awareness of the structuralisation of voluntary organisations and their supply of services. At the same time, we know very little today about the practical functions of volunteers – what is it they do and know, and how may this possibly differ from what others do and know. We are also in need of studies to highlight the relationship between the practices of volunteers and the voluntary organisations which initially facilitated the development of such practices. The need for such information is growing in step with the ever-increasing demands placed on the practices of volunteers by society in general and politicians in particular. Using Niklas Luhmann’s theory of social systems as a springboard, this article will look at the state’s expectations for new and more integrated forms of cooperation with the voluntary organisations. These expectations are interesting precisely because the bodies that are seeking to cooperate have very different ways of organising the provision of social services. Using a specially selected area of user-cantered voluntary social services, the article will examine the unique aspects of voluntary work, as well as the unique way in which the voluntary organisations organise and manage this work. The article will argue that the voluntary work represent a interaction system, and that the organisation which instigates the voluntary social work neither has access to it, nor control over it. The article will therefore show that there is another, far more controversial side to voluntary social services than the state’s attempts to formulate a joint voluntary service policy. Voluntary organisations risk becoming embaressed. On the basis of this argument, the article will pinpoint a number of risks associated with the attempt to formalise cooperation between public and voluntary social services. What are the risks for the people towards whom these services are directed? What are the risks for the voluntary organisations? And what are the risks for the social policies of the welfare state, based as they are on the principle of universalism? URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6307 Files in this item: 1
wp11-2005.pdf (106.0Kb) -
Houman Andersen, Poul; Norus, Jesper (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: There is a continuing focus on the conditions for and processes of establishing new businesses and the role played by the external resource context in doing so. Using sociological concepts such as network bricolage and structuration some studies point to the supporting role as well as the restraining role of networks in this process. However, most research focuses on the innovative role of entrepreneurs in linking together dispersed resources in forming a concerted business enterprise. Far less focus has been on the de facto quality of these resources in forming the entrepreneurial role. Rather, the image of the Knightian or Kriznian entreprenur is left unchallenged, even in the "new" literature on entrepreneurship. However, if the concept of network bricolage or structuration as contexts institutionalising specific practices and sorting away others is taken seriously, the preexistence of patterned work practices shared among business actors, and how the ability to utilise these patterned practices in generating new business ideas affects the business start up process becomes important. Entrepreneurial processes may not only be influenced but also internally constituted by the wider environment. One may therefore question whether the impetus for starting up a new business vests entirely with the entrepreneur or what role the context plays in patterning the work of the entrepreneur with respect to firm creation. As pointed out by Gartner (1988) asking "who is the entrepreneur?" is the wrong question. For that purpose, we believe that the context of the entrepreneur, networks and embedded routines, provides an opportunity to understand how the context contributes in shaping the entrepreneurial act. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6717 Files in this item: 1
dokument 10.pdf (212.1Kb)