Browsing Departments by Title
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Loasby, Brian J. (København, 1999)[More information][Less information]
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Minbaeva, Dana B.; Mäkelä, Kristiina; Rabbiosi, Larissa (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The knowledge-based view has recently been criticized for overlooking individual-level action and interaction in favor of an over-emphasis on the firm-level capabilities. This paper seeks to respond to that criticism by providing some individual-level explanations for a collective-level phenomenon – intraorganizational knowledge transfer. We suggest that variations in individual ability, motivation and the use of interaction opportunities provided by the organization explain part of the variation found in individuallevel knowledge acquisition and use, and that this has an influence on organizational level knowledge transfer within a firm. More specifically, we find that ability and intrinsic motivation are important drivers of individual level knowledge acquisition and use, while extrinsic motivation has no impact. Furthermore, the extent to which an individual uses interaction opportunities provided by the organization influences knowledge transfer both directly and through a moderator effect with ability and person-to-person interaction. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8001 Files in this item: 1
SMGWP2010_1.pdf (278.4Kb) -
The Role of Internal AntecedentsHarder, Mie (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Management innovation is the introduction of new management practices, processes, techniques or organizational structures that significantly alter the way the work of management is performed. This paper examines a particular characteristic of management innovation: i.e. pervasiveness. Based on the behavioral theory of the firm, the determinants of firms’ adoption of pervasive management innovations are explored. I find that performance shortfalls have a direct positive effect on the pervasiveness of adopted innovations. Likewise, I find a direct effect of education level, richness of internal communication and CEO novelty on pervasiveness. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8246 Files in this item: 1
SMG_WP_4_2011.pdf (357.1Kb) -
The Case of Google Wallet and ISISChae, Sang-Un; hedman, Jonas (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Over the past few years, mobile payments have been present like a storm on the horizon. They have generated a lot of attention; yet have not reached wide adoption. Issues such as the complexity of the mobile payment ecosystem and the lack of sustainable business models have been accounted for the slow market penetration. With the rise of new technologies such as NFC, the mobile payment sphere experiences a new height of talk, which materialized in a second wave of companies entering the market. Using the case study method, we will enquire into two recent mobile payment initiatives in the U.S, namely Google Wallet and ISIS. As such, the paper sets out to study NFC-enabled mobile payment innovations and provide an analysis of business models of m-payment services. The outcome of the paper contributes to the research of business models and mobile payment in two ways. First, it offers an applicable business model framework that allows practitioners and academics to study current and future mobile payment approaches. Second, it offers new insight in the field of NFC mobile payments; specifically about concrete business model configurations to effectively reach mass-market. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8724 Files in this item: 1
Jonas_Hedman_1.pdf (452.2Kb) -
Forms and facades in formation of the biotechnology firmsNorus, Jesper (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In the recent years the successful collaborative arrangements and relationships between university, industry and public institutions have become a mantra in transforming new scientific knowledge into new innovations and business ventures. The fit between these very different actor groups has been treated as a contingent factor. However only little attention have been giving to a specific focus on the strategies that new business ventures have obtained to establish the fit between small firms, university research, and public policies such as regulatory policies and R&D policies. The emergence of the new biotechnologies and these techniques predominately coming from the university sector make the new biotechnology organizations an interesting object for studying these relationships both on a regional and a national level. From the perspective of the small biotechnology firms (SBFs) the paper explores four different strategies for dealing with network relations; the research oriented strategy, the incubator strategy, the industrial partnering strategy, and the policy-oriented strategy. The research-oriented strategy is narrowly focusing on how a biotechnology firm transforms their scientific results into promising technologies, services or products. The incubator strategy is concerned with localization and how to come about specific types of managerial problem in the initial stage of forming a business venture. The industrial partnering strategy concerns how to overcome the problem of bringing the technologies from an experimental stage at a research lab to be able handle industrial processes and full-scale production. Last but not least the policy oriented strategy focus on problem of having products approved by the public authorities. Theoretically the article draws upon network theories and a dynamic view of network relations. That is done in order to capture the nature of the relationships between different types of actors, but also in order to emphasize the informal nature of some of these relationships. The article has a dual purpose; 1) From a corporate point of view to emphasize multiple conditions for developing and forming interorganizational relationships, 2) From a research perspective to point to the diversity and heterogeneity of these relations and thereby emphasizes the evolutionary nature of these relations and their relatedness to the overall strategies obtained by the biotechnology entrepreneurs. The paper is structured so it will start out by stating its methodological foundations. Thereafter the theoretical positioning of the network approach will seek to argue that we have multiple network relationships are at play. Not only do these networks differ but also the institutional and organizational origins are to be touched upon to come to understand the nature of the biotechnology environment and the actors involved. The positioning of the SBFs as the focal point of the analysis leads to a discussion on entrepreneurial business strategies in biotechnology industry and how these business strategies in a very distinct mode is correlated with interorganizational relationships. The empirical evidence will be fleshed out in four cases representing each of the four suggested strategies. The conclusion discusses three implications of network partnering analysis. First, it discusses the theoretical contributions on the diversity, heterogeneity between the four partnering strategies. Second, it will point to future directions in the research. Third, the conclusion will point to the managerial challenges that can be foreseen. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6669 Files in this item: 1
working paper 2003 no.12.pdf (372.5Kb) -
Foss, Nicolai J.; Mahoney, Joseph T. (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Knowledge governance is characterized as a distinctive research subject, the understanding of which cuts across diverse fields in management. In particular, it represents an intersection of knowledge management, strategic management, and theories of the firm. Knowledge governance considers how deployment of governance mechanisms influences knowledge processes: sharing, retaining, and creating knowledge. We survey the papers in this volume of the special issue, and discuss the remaining research challenges. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8030 Files in this item: 1
CBS_Forskningsindberetning_SMG_250.pdf (138.6Kb) -
Budeanu, Adriana (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The development of sustainable products or services is defined by Maxwell as the process of making products or services in a more sustainable way (production) throughout their entire life cycle, from conception to the end-of-life (Maxwell & van der Vorst, 2003). Essentially, sustainable products or services are alternatives to existing ones, but of a superior quality, providing the same function to the customer, being more cost-effective, while also generating less harm on the surrounding environments or societies. The emphasis is on securing the efficiency of inputs and outputs is all actions along the life cycle of the product or service, from raw materials to discharged waste, so that unnecessary consumption of resources and generation of wastes are avoided. More advanced concepts such as product-service systems and needs-oriented-service systems aim to reduce impacts from the production and the use phase, or even at the end-of-life phase of a product (Mont, 2002; Roy, 2000). New and under development, the area of product-service systems is increasingly gaining acceptance from companies (Manzini & Jégou, 2003). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8544 Files in this item: 1
Budeanu_WP3_2012.pdf (1.108Mb) -
an empirical analysis of change in the organization of foreign distributionBenito, Gabriel R.G.; Pedersen, Torben; Petersen, Bent (København, 2000)[More information][Less information]
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The importance of sunk costs and spilloversSinani, Evis; Hobdari, Bersant (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper investigates the importance of sunk costs, firm characteristics and spillovers from nearby exporters on a firm’s export participation decision. The empirical analysis involves the estimation of a non-structural, discrete choice, dynamic model with firm heterogeneity. The results suggest that both sunk costs and observable firm characteristics are important determinants of export market participation. In addition, previous history matters, in that, if a firm has been exporting the last period or the period before that it significantly increases the likelihood of the firm exporting in the current period. This conclusion is robust across all specifications. Also, larger firms with high capital intensity and foreign owned are more likely be exporters. Finally, while there is no clear evidence on export spillovers, if a firm operates in an export-oriented industry increases the likelihood of exporting. Dynamic Panel, sunk costs, export decision. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6544 Files in this item: 1
exportmarketparticipation-1.pdf (440.4Kb) -
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Abstract: This thesis provides a framework for information retrieval based on a set of models which together illustrate how users of search engines come to express their needs in a particular way. With such insights, we may be able to improve systems’ capabilities of understanding users’ requests and through that eventually the ability to satisfy their needs. Developing the framework necessitates discussion of context, relevance, need development, and the cybernetics of search, all of which are controversial topics. Transaction log data from two enterprise search engines are analysed using a specially developed method which classifies queries according to what aspect of the need they refer to. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8720 Files in this item: 1
Esben_Alfort.pdf (5.804Mb) -
Danish Foundations, CSR Legislation, and how Tradition Facilitates Compettive AdvantageBlom, Karen Sofie; Kaus, Kristine; Biering-Sørensen, Anna Sophie; Tackney, Charles T. (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In stark contrast to other national settings, the commercial foundation is a rather common form of ownership of enterprises in Denmark. Today, there are around 1,300 Danish commercial foundations. Familiar foundations include AP Møller Mærsk, Carlsberg, Egmont, and Novo Nordisk. Our paper aims to facilitate an understanding of this unique Danish tradition and explore its profound contemporary relevance.The significance of Danish commercial foundations, their societal and compassionate role, has manifested itself through philanthropic projects for centuries. We explore the dual identities that inhere in contemporary Danish commercial foundations, and how these impact contemporary society. There are also challenges and opportunities for such foundations in light of recent Danish corporate social responsibility (CSR) legislation. We explore these through a contextual analysis of legal structures that govern Danish commercial foundations. Extended Foundational Corporate Citizenship (EFCC) is presented in the paper as a communications model or tool to help resolve the inherent tension between a commercial foundation’s contemporary business and philanthropic units, offering an aid to strategic advantage identification. The EFCC model and associated modes of communication proposed may further serve to manage legislative pressures presented to commercial foundations. Moreover, the traditional commercial foundation structure, coupled with EFCC model deployment, appears theoretically and strategically anticipatory of emerging Danish legislative obligations. Isomorphic processes within commercial foundations shed light on the links between the internal communicative challenge and CSR legislation. Such isomorphism appears between the business - philanthropic configuration and the company - CSR configuration. These processes aid recognition of the potential benefit of the inherent structure of a commercial foundation in relation to the emerging focus on CSR legislation. An additional purpose of illustrating the isomorphic processes was to facilitate clarification of a potential strategic advantage of commercial foundations, indicating how such traditional foundations may not only exist in society but operate “ahead of” emerging CSR legislative reporting obligations. The contemporary proliferation of CSR, as a legal matter, is a potent source of consumer interest. It is also a research field that provides commercial foundations with a number of opportunities to explore. Legislative obligations may appear to be little more than a reporting obligation for commercial foundations’ business units. Yet, our research suggests the structure of a commercial foundation already contains a latent communicative advantage for the good, not only of commercial foundations, but also contemporary society. We believe that our research findings in the Danish case of foundation organization and management theory may be of interest to an international audience. Within the structure of a commercial foundation one may find inherent notions of compassion coupled with authentic commercial and profit-making intentions. Indeed, we hope the results offer a path to successfully anticipate current, as well as future, stakeholder and public expectations for an organizational form of historical interest and future merit. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8612 Files in this item: 1
Tackney_2012_1.pdf (541.6Kb) -
Kaisla, Jukka (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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the influence of movement on user's visual attentionPetersen, Helle; Nielsen, Janni (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Carl, Michael; Doherty, Stephen; O’Brien, Sharon (Preprint, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Eye tracking has been used successfully as a technique for measuring cognitive load in reading, psycholinguistics, writing, language acquisition etc for some time now. Its application as a technique for automatically measuring the reading ease of MT output has not yet, to our knowledge, been tested. We report here on a preliminary study testing the use and validity of an eye tracking methodology as a means of semi- and/or automatically evaluating machine translation output. 50 French machine translated sentences, 25 rated as excellent and 25 rated as poor in an earlier human evaluation, were selected. 10 native speakers of French were instructed to read the MT sentences for comprehensibility. Their eye gaze data were recorded non-invasively using a Tobii 1750 eye tracker. The average gaze time and fixation count were found to be higher for the “bad” sentences, while average fixation duration and pupil dilations were not found to be substantially different between output rated as good or bad. Comparisons between BLEU scores and eye gaze data were also made and found to correlate well with gaze time and fixation count, and to a lesser extent with pupil dilation and fixation duration. We conclude that the eye tracking data, in particular gaze time and fixation count, correlate reasonably well with human evaluation of MT output but fixation duration and pupil dilation may be less reliable indicators of reading difficulty for MT output. We also conclude that eye tracking has promise as an automatic MT Evaluation technique. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8045 Files in this item: 1
SubmissionforMT_dohertyobriencarl.pdf (226.2Kb) -
Blomgren-Hansen, Niels (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
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Circulating References and Matters of ConcernYu, Lichen Alex (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The main finding of this thesis is that when actors are fabricating the S&OP process, local actors create emergent, ongoing and multiple matters of concern around the S&OP process. The group demand chain, the actor who is responsible for guiding the implementation of the process, delegates the attempts to close these matters of concern to local actors located in separate times and spaces. As a result, constituents of the S&OP process are dispersed in diverse local times and spaces rather than being coordinated in a single time and space by the group demand chain. When local actors are closing these matters of concern, they create new properties on the S&OP process and new management possibilities in relation to integration. These new management possibilities may include, for instance, generating different primary keys of forecasting in different divisions, mobilising different inscriptions in different settings, using mean error to evaluate forecasting accuracy, connecting different visualisations such as ABC analysis and items with high growth rate and value to collaborators’ intelligence, creating new potentials for more consistent decision making and more proactive customer serving, creating new actions to help the under-estimated sales forecast, and transforming the minimal configurations of the S&OP process. Consequently, integration on the demand chain becomes uncertain because actors are always creating new possibilities to move towards integration but will never arrive at the destination of integration. To integrate is, thus, to postpone integration because there are always emergent matters of concern around the technology to foster integration. Because constituents of the S&OP process are separated in diverse times and spaces, to integrate is also to separate constituents of integration. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8719 Files in this item: 1
Lichen_Alex_Yu.pdf (3.639Mb) -
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Abstract: Abstract This paper argues that knowledge sharing can be conceptualized as different situations of exchange in which individuals relate to each other in different ways, involving different rules, norms and traditions of reciprocity regulating the exchange. The main challenge for facilitating knowledge sharing is to ensure that the exchange is seen as equitable for the parties involved, and by viewing the problems of knowledge sharing as motivational problems situated in different organizational settings, the paper explores how knowledge exchange can be conceptualized as going on in four distinct situations of exchange denominated organizational exchange yielding extrinsic rewards, organizational exchange yielding intrinsic rewards, financial exchange, and social exchange. The paper argues that each situation of exchange has distinct assumptions about individual behaviour and the intermediaries regulating the exchange, and facilitating knowledge sharing should therefore be viewed as a continuum of practices under the influence of opportunistic behaviour, obedience or organizational citizenship behaviour. Keywords: Knowledge sharing, motivation, organizational settings, situations of exchange. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7486 Files in this item: 1
cbs forskningsindberetning smg 24.pdf (541.0Kb) -
Husted, Kenneth; Vintergaard, Christian (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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An International ViewKotzab, Herbert; Teller, Christoph; Grant, David B. (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper discusses factors affecting the execution of supply chain management and presents a conceptual model and six hypotheses based on such factors identified in the literature. The model was tested in two European country-specific cases using structural equation modelling. Findings in both cases confirm the hypothesized hierarchical order of three proposed antecedents: ‘internal SCM conditions’ affect ‘joint SCM conditions’ which in turn influences collaborative ‘SCM-related processes’. Managerial implications are that firms in both countries should adopt these hierarchical steps to ensure a rigorous and appropriate approach to achieving full and integrative SCM. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8330 Files in this item: 1
hkotzab_konf_july_2011.pdf (270.0Kb) -
Knudsen, Line Gry; Hansson, Finn; Mønsted, Mette (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The present report is drafted for the SUCCESS1 project; a pilot project launched by the EIT with the purpose of benchmarking past and ongoing collaborations in the knowledge triangle of research, education and innovation in the European Union. The empirical focus is the field of climate and energy research. This field is in specific need of more efficient collaborative models that can facilitate knowledge sharing and thereby ease the development of new sustainable energy technologies. By analysing existing projects and processes in this field, we are able to derive new and improved models of governance structures for integrated partnerships in order to improve the innovation processes. The final goal is to work towards recommendations on the process of strengthening relations within the Knowledge Triangle of education, innovation and research in the European Union. With this report, we aim at providing a solid ground for establishing and analyzing best practice collaboration in the field of climate and energy research. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6323 Files in this item: 1
wpx5-2008.pdf (850.0Kb)