Browsing Departments by Title
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Møllgaard, Peter; Overgaard, Per Baltzer (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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how institutional contexts matterHouman Andersen, Poul; Jesper, Norus (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The paper has a dual purpose. First, we suggest that entrepreneurs in their establishment of new businesses draw on a range of pre-existing socially embedded routines for creating acceptance by their environment. Also they draw upon external resources that are used in patterning specific practices. This ability is treated as entrepreneurial assets. Secondly, we argue that the existence and patterning of these socially embedded routines used in new business development are contingent on the institutional context. We see the institutional context as complex and fragmented, composed and shaped by different institutional domains: the normative, the cognitive and the regulatory domain. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6724 Files in this item: 1
working paper 2003 no.11.pdf (369.8Kb) -
Hansson, Finn (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Det er vanskeligt i dagens samfund ikke at betragte udtrykket ”den uhyre vareophobning” som Marx i Kapitalens første kapitel (1970 1.1: 128/49)i bruger som det mest sigende udtryk for den samfundsmæssige rigdom, som en endog meget beskeden forudsigelse af en eksplosiv udvikling, som vi ser her fuldt udfoldet godt 150 år senere. Kapitalforholdets eksplosive dynamik, som Marx analyserede i sin vorden, har nu vist sig i sin fuldt udfoldede globale dynamisk, hvor dagens kapitalisme har bredt sig til alle områder i samfundet og alle dele af kloden. Debatten herom har dog i lang tid været præget af en række summariske og empirisk ufuldstændige antagelser om, hvad der er det unikt nye i dagens kapitalisme, ofte efterfulgt af en nærmest apriorisk afvisning af Marx' kritik som relevant for en kritisk forståelse af dagens kapitalisme. I modsætning til dette vil denne artikel undersøge om de modsætninger og problemer, som den nye kapitalisme skaber for lønarbejderne og se nærmere på om de med fordel kan analyseres ved at gå tilbage og videreudvikle de bidrag til analyse af det moderne lønarbejde under kapitalismen, som vi finder hos Marx og hermed bidrage til en systematisk samfundskritik af vilkårene for det moderne lønarbejde. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6433 Files in this item: 1
wp2-2008.pdf (85.05Kb) -
Becker, Lise (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This article contributes to the emerging body of work in organisational theory that seeks to include materiality in conceptualising processes of organizing (e.g. Law, 1994; Doolin, 2003; Czarniawska and Gustavsson, 2004; Dale, 2005). Using the four largest multinational oil companies’ green transition towards renewable energies as a case the article integrates material aspects into the theory on the narration of organisational identities. Following Czarniawska (1997) the concept of organisational identity is viewed as an evolving organisational narrative. Following Law (1994) this organisational narrative is then conceptualised as a socio-technical narrative. The article describes how oil related technologies and their accompanying symbolic meaning and technical oil related standards can be conceptualised as part of the enduring aspects in oil companies’ organisational identities. The article concludes to that end that both social and material aspects add to the endurance of organisational identities. Key words. Identity narration; materiality; greening of oil companies; climate change. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6701 Files in this item: 1
wp2007-001.pdf (121.3Kb) -
Lessons to be learned from the "hidden” committees of the Nordic Council of MinistersNedergaard, Peter (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In spite of their long history and extensive activities, the international committees of the Nordic Council of Ministers have not hitherto been subject to scholarly examination. This paper demonstrates that valuable lessons can be learned about policy learning in practise and theoretically by analysing the cooperation in the committees of the Nordic Council of Ministers. Using the Advocacy Coalition Framework as the starting point, fifteen hypotheses on policy learning are tested. Among other things, it is concluded that in order to maximise policy learning in international committees, committees should avoid fragmentation into coalitions, be open to public opinion, participants in committees should be driven by a sense of purpose rather that material interest, empirical data should be made available to committees, a neutral presidency should be present in order to act as an authoritative persuader, and neutral scientists should participate, although not necessarily scientists from consultancy firms. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7353 Files in this item: 1
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a review of some portfolio selection criteria of Elton, Gruber and PadbergAstrup Jensen, Bjarne (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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Hotho, Jasper J. (, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Three varieties of institutionalism currently dominate International Business studies: new institutional economics, new organizational institutionalism, and comparative historical institutionalism. Yet currently applied measures of institutional country distance predominantly build on the thought of the first two strands of institutionalism. This paper sets out to address this underrepresentation of comparative historical institutional thought in currently available measures of institutional distance. Building on Whitley’s business systems framework, a measure of institutional distance is developed and validated which captures intrinsic, substantive institutional differences in economic organization, rather than differences in institutional effectiveness. The results of the two-stage cluster analysis used to validate the selected indicators closely approximate the business systems typology, which is both indicative of the validity of this measure and of the distinctiveness of the business system types that make up the business system framework. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7946 Files in this item: 1
SMG WP 2009-07.pdf (975.7Kb) -
an empirical validation of the HED/UT scaleHeijden, Hans van der; Sangstad Sørensen, Lotte (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Riis Christensen, Sverre (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Consumers reactions from being exposed to sponsorships has primarily been measured and docu-mented applying cognitive information processing models to the phenomenon. In the paper it is argued that such effects are probably better modelled applying models of peripheral information processing to the measurements, and it is suggested that the effects can be measured on the atti-tudes-towards-the sponsor and on the emotion-towards-the sponsor levels. This type of modelling is known as the ELAM model, however the types of independent variables involved is new to research into sponsorship effects. Two batteries of statements, attitude words and feeling words, are developed and a study is carried out with 470 respondents, randomly selected from the population. The data are analysed and pro-vide expressions of positive and negative attitude reaction and emotional reaction that show marked differences in consumer reactions towards sponsored objects of different natures as well as towards potential sponsoring organisations. For instance, the charitable institutions measured in the study elicit larger negative emotional re-sponses than positive responses, corresponding to a negative Net Emotional Response Score (NERS). Amongst the potential sponsoring companies only one company – a tobacco manufacturer – show this profile in NERS. The variation in NERS between charitable institutions and sports insti-tutions is quite dramatic – and has a high face validity. When studying attitude responses (Net Atti-tude Response Score or NARS), the differences between sponsored institutions are much smaller, although the charitable institutions still show a structurally different profile from the cultural and sports institutions. The differences between companies in NARS are quite small and probably only significant in a few instances. The NERS and NARS data are used to illustrate a "goodness-of-fit�? measurement that companies – or organisations looking for sponsors – can use to determine whether a potential arrangement has the ability to provide the desired effects on reactions. This goodness of fit is both applied to the net scores and to the full evaluations on the attitude and emotion batteries and it seems as if the latter approach will be richer in explanatory power for a potential sponsor. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6635 Files in this item: 1
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A Tax Optimality IndexRaimondos-Møller, Pascalis; Woodland, Alan D. (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper introduces an index of tax optimality that measures the distance of some current tax structure from the optimal tax structure in the presence of public goods. In doing so, we derive a [0, 1] number that reveals immediately how far the current tax configuration is from the optimal one and, thereby, the degree of efficiency of a tax system. We call this number the Tax Optimality Index. We show how the basic method can be altered in order to derive a revenue equivalent uniform tax, which measures the size of the public sector. A numerical example is used to illustrate the method developed. JEL Code: H21, H41. Keywords: Tax optimality index, excess burden, distance function. Authors Affiliations: Raimondos-Møller: Copenhagen Business School, CEPR, CESifo, and EPRU. Woodland: University of Sydney. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7534 Files in this item: 1
wpec052004.pdf (385.9Kb) -
Petersen, Christian; Plenborg, Thomas (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: ’Growth’ as a concept is often not very well understood. Growth may be measured in a variety of ways (e.g., growth in turnover, earnings, earnings per share, assets, and shareholders equity). Investors and other capital providers generally find it attractive to invest in ‘growth firms.’ For instance, earnings per share (EPS) figures are widely published and used by investors. An increase in EPS is seen as a signal of improved profitability. Likewise, growth in earnings measures such as EBIT, EBITA, EBITDA etc. seem to indicate that firms are value creating. Our paper discusses if and under what conditions growth in accounting variables (accounting numbers and financial ratios) is value creating. We find that growth in one-periodic earnings measures does not necessarily create wealth for shareholders. Only growth in economic income is value creating. Our analysis also provide evidence that users of accounting information should be aware of the quality of growth and distinguish between growth based on transitory vs. permanent components of earnings. Our analysis finally documents that growth in earnings per share or return on equity caused by share repurchases has no economic significance. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6750 Files in this item: 1
wp_2007-03.pdf (319.1Kb) -
Åkerstrøm Andersen, Niels (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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The Role of Technology in Sustainable Tourism GovernanceBudeanu, Adriana (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Tourism has a dualistic nature characterised on the one hand by a high resilience and constant growth and on the other hand by a short-term greed of “consuming” its own life support systems: nature, culture and communities (Snepenger, Snepenger, Dalbey, & Wessol, 2007). Both aspects are constantly spurred by the rapid changes in demand and the diversity of supply, and the intrinsic importance that tourism has gained in individual lifestyles and in national economies. In addition, the strong influence of globalization on the institutional, organizational and policy formulation (Hall, 2005), determines three major aspects of tourism: the expansion of demand, the concentration of supply and increased similarities in demand. (Cornelissen, 2005) Consequently, the fragile balance required by a sustainable tourism development (European Commission, 2003a), (UNEP / UNWTO / WMO, 2008) is often at risk from conflicting goals of conservation versus development plans for tourism. Mixed approaches that combine top-down governance models with bottom-up collaborative strategies and policy networks are considered able to provide resilient decision making systems able to cope with unexpected challenges or conflict situations. These are characterized by shared rule-making and agreements between interdependent actors with divergent opinions and goals (Elzen, Geels, & Ken, 2004). Ultimately, a significant progress towards sustainability can be achieved by fostering changes of meaning and concepts, infrastructures and user-learning processes (Ehrenfeld, 2001). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8508 Files in this item: 1
Budeanu.pdf (222.2Kb) -
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Seabrooke, Leonard (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Quasi-public institutions are significant but unsung players in the contemporary international financial order. What can be understood as quasi-public institutions (QPIs) have been created by states or private associations to provide a means of mediating private capital with public value, typically attracting domestic and international investment in order to foster and further a domestic agenda that has strong support from the broader population. As such they fit awkwardly with common perceptions of the international political economy as dominated institutions that reflect either state or market interests. QPIs do both and have emerged as institutional responses to domestic crises that then go on to have a role in shaping the world economy. QPIs that issue collaterized securities from mortgage credit, be they public or private in origin, reflect this institutional form given that their purpose is to bring together private capital and public value. This purpose also makes QPIs sensitive to everyday politics, given that they were created to reflect a broad social purpose rather than only elite interests. This article discusses the development of QPIs for mortgage bonds in a liberal market economy, the U.S., and a coordinated market economy, Denmark. I suggest that QPIs’ values have been challenged by de-regulatory and re-regulatory trends in recent decades. I suggest that QPIs call upon us to question how we identify actors in the international financial order as either public or private, and the importance of everyday politics in fostering institutional innovations that have significant knock-on effects for the world economy. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7333 Files in this item: 1
wp cbp 2008-43.pdf (196.9Kb) -
Vorschlag für einen „Check Verbraucherpolitik und Verbraucherbeteiligung“Hagen, Kornelia; Micklitz, Hans-W.; Oehler, Andreas; Reisch, Lucia A.; Strünck, Christoph (Berlin, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Wirken politische Maßnahmen so, wie sie sollen? Stehen Kosten und Nutzen solcher Maßnahmen in einem angemessenen Verhältnis? Die Forderung nach einer stärkeren empirischen Evidenz für die Bewertung und Planung politischer Maßnahmen kommt von verschiedenen Seiten. Anhänger einer stärkeren Deregulierung und Privatisierung fordern mehr Evidenz, weil sie skeptisch sind gegenüber staatlicher Regulierung. Lobbyismus- Kritiker fordern mehr Evidenz, weil sie damit den Einfluss von Interessengruppen sichtbar machen und zügeln wollen. Und Anhänger eines nachhaltigen, strategischen Konzepts glauben, dass politische Maßnahmen so weniger anfällig werden für die Hektik der Tagespolitik URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8400 Files in this item: 1
Lucia_A_Reisch_2011.pdf (1.016Mb) -
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branding af nationer, regioner og byerBuhl Pedersen, Søren; Tangkjær, Christian; Linde-Lauersen, Anders (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: De seneste årtier har brand management og branding strategier fået større og større prioritet for organisationer i deres bestræbelser på at positionere sig på markedet. Det gælder først og fremmest kommercielt drevne organisationer, men i stadig større grad er også politisk styrede organisationer blevet opmærksomme på vigtigheden af at have et stærkt brand. De seneste år har branding imidlertid bevæget sig ind i andre politiske felter, nemlig branding af steder, som byen, regionen og nationen – ja, selv en supranational størrelser som EU bliver brandet. Byer, regioner og nationer indretter sig i stigende grad efter markedets krav om på den ene side konkret organisering af for eksempel arbejdskraft og økonomi, og på den anden side fortællinger om oplevelser, værdier og erfaringer som knytter sig til disse steder. Derfor er disse territoriale enheder begyndt at formulere sig selv som attraktive brands, der profilerer stedernes særlige kvaliteter. Nærværende paper forsøger at analysere profileringen af steder som en praksis der balancerer mellem bordering og branding som to parallelle logikker. Det er hypotesen, at forholdet mellem disse logikker kan aflæses i den måde, som forskellige brands fremstiller steder med både sentimentalitet og ironi. Anvendelsen af dette perspektiv indbærer, at der tænkes en direkte sammenhæng mellem de former for organisering, som præger nationer, byer og regioner, og den måde som disse steder symboliseres gennem brands. Paperet falder i to sektioner: én om vilkårene for branding som symbolsk praksis under det globale, og én om den reelle organisering, som de bestemte symbolske former er udtryk for. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6326 Files in this item: 1
wp4-2003sbpctall.pdf (1.804Mb) -
a comparisonSteen Knudsen, Jette; Dylla, Bronwyn (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Flexibility, performance and commitment in work-life managementRaastrup Kristensen, Anders (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This thesis offers a critical contribution to the theories of work-life balance. Within the contemporary theoretical perspectives on work and life the individuals are constructed as being responsible for work-life balance by turning it into a problem of the personal behaviour, decisions, psychological traits and family condition of the human subject. In this sense the everyday problem of balancing between work and home is reduced to be primarily an individual problem and decision. When the problem of work-life balance is raised in this way, it is difficult for companies to offer managerial and organizational solutions that do not automatically exclude this as an individual problem. It might be possible for managers and organizations to help the employees in achieving work-life balance, but it is fundamentally a challenge that the individual employees must solve. The thesis offers a different perspective on the relation between work and life. This perspective is not based upon the individual employees’ perception and hence constitution of work-life balance. Instead, it is argued that the constitution of the relation of work and life is to be found in its effects. These effects are not established in the constitution of the boundary between work and home, but are rather recognized by how the employees determine and define activities and tasks as work. For example, is it work to send email in the evening? Is it work to read an article at the weekend? Is it work to update a profile on Facebook? The question is therefore ‘what is work?’ and not ‘what is the boundary between work and home?’ URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7973 Files in this item: 1
Anders_Raastrup_Kristensen.pdf (4.374Mb)