Browsing Department of Informatics (INF) by Title
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The QualiGlobe Experience of Production EfficiencyHolm Larsen, Michael; Lynggard, Hans Jørgen B. (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper addresses the issue of using product models to support product lifecycle activities with particular focus on the production phase. The motivation of the research is that products are produced more costly and with longer lead-time than necessary. The paper provides a review of product modelling technologies and approaches, and the overall architecture for the Product State Model (PSM) Environment as a basis for quality monitoring. Especially, the paper focuses on the circumstances prevailing in a one-of-a-kind manufacturing environment like the shipbuilding industry, where product modelling technologies already have proved their worth in the design and engineering phases of shipbuilding and in the operation phase. However, the handling of product information on the shop floor is not yet equally developed. The paper reports from the Brite-Euram project (No. BE97-4510) QualiGlobe focusing on the development activities of the PSM architecture. An example discusses how to handle product related information on the shop floor in a manufacturing company and focuses on how dynamically updated product data can improve control of production activities. This prototype example of welding a joint between two steel plates serves as proof of concept for the PSM architecture. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6517 Files in this item: 1
no.15.pdf (201.9Kb) -
the efficacy of institutional discourseZinner Henriksen, Helle; Viborg Andersen, Kim (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: During the mid to late 1990s, shaping diffusion of B2B e-commerce was a key priority for governments and business associations. Viewing e-commerce as the key to continuous economic growth and a vehicle for transformation to the digital economy, national action plans were formulated to accelerate the standard development and adoption of e-commerce. This chapter argues that the Danish EDI Action Plan from 1996 cemented structural problems for the ongoing adoption and diffusion of newer B2B technologies due to a discrepancy between goals and actions, imbalanced partner allocation in standard development and an overwhelming focus on the public sector despite ambitions to fuel the overall business adoption of B2B e-commerce. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6475 Files in this item: 1
utility_ inf working paper.pdf (381.9Kb) -
Levinsen, Karin; Madsen, Sabine (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Ud fra aktionsforskning af faget Informationsbehandling på bachelorprogrammet HA/DØK ved Copenhagen Business School undersøger vi i denne artikel hvilke barriere de studerende oplever i forbindelse med læring af holistisk systemudvikling og hvorfor. Siden 1980’erne har man i (dele af) litteraturen anset den ’gode’ systemudvikler for at være en, der kunne fungere som brobygger mellem brugere og programmører og navigere ubesværet inden for og imellem anvendelses- og problemområdet (dvs. mellem brugernes og IT systemets område og opgaver). HA/DØK uddannelsen blev udviklet for at uddanne studerende med brobyggerkompetencer. En summativ kvalitetsvurdering har dog vist, at der eksisterer et misforhold mellem den uddannelsesmæssige intention og de studerendes faktiske læring og eksamenspræstationer på faget Informationsbehandling. Vores undersøgelse af dette misforhold viser, at mens de studerende er gode til at tænke og handle udfra problemområdet,så kæmper alle studerende uanset fagligt niveau med at nå de læringsmål, der omhandler forståelse for og inddragelse af viden om anvendelsesområdet. Vi foreslår, at de studerendes vanskeligheder skyldes, at de pga. HA/DØK studiet tilrettelæggelse allerede er proficiente funktionalister når de starter på Informationsbehandling, mens de i forhold til anvendelsesområdet må betegnes som novicer. Vi opridser forskellige alternativer til at hjælpe de studerende med at overvinde barriererne og/eller opfylde læringsmålene. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6500 Files in this item: 1
02-2007.pdf (367.5Kb) -
Enriching software process improvement with knowledge managementHansen Hansen, Bo (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Formålet med denne afhandling er at belyse, hvorledes softwarevirksomheder kan forbedre deres udviklingspraksis ved at udnytte deres vidensressourcer bedre. Afhandlingen belyser dette ved at besvare følgende forskningspørgsmål: • Hvorledes kan en softwarevirksomheds videnstyringsstatus bestemmes med henblik på at kunne identificere vidensrelaterede forbedringsområder? • Hvorledes kan forbedringer af sådanne områder planlægges via design og tilpasning af nye organisatoriske tiltag til styrkelse af organisationens læringsmuligheder? • Hvorledes kan sådanne forbedringsinitiativer faciliteres og implementeres for at sikre accept og fortsat udvikling? Afhandlingen er en del af det nationale forskningsprojekt Softwareprocesser og Viden og er udarbejdet som et aktionsforskningsprojekt hos softwarevirksomheden Systematic Software Engineering i Århus. Afhandlingen leverer, foruden forbedringer i den involverede organisation, teoretiske og metodiske bidrag til softwareprocesforbedringsfeltet ved at vise hvorledes teoretisk input fra vidensstyringsfeltet kan integreres i og styrke softwareprocesforbedringsfeltet, samt ved at vise hvorledes komplekse organisatoriske sammenhænge kan belyses ved at anvende en passende og fleksibel portefølje af analyse— og interventionsteknikker. Derudover bidrager afhandlingen med udviklingen af en balanceret teori om vidensstyring i softwareprocesforbedring. Til dette formål introduceres begreberne eksemplarisk og situeret videnstype og normativ og reflektiv processforbedring. Afhandlingen anskueliggør desuden, hvorledes et længerevarende samarbejdsbaseret studie har bidraget med resultater internt i case-organisationen ved at designe og tilpasse en ny projektevalueringsproces, der er baseret på et skifte mod en situeret vidensorganisation ved aktivt at involvere de eksisterende ekspertnetværk i organisationen. Gennem designet af denne ny proces belyses, hvorledes Softwareprocesforbedringsfeltet på et teoretisk niveau styrkes igennem integration af teorier fra beslægtede felter. Afhandlingen viser, hvorledes kulturanalyse og videnskort kan anvendes som softwareprocesforbedringsteknikker. Derudover antyder afhandlingen en balanceret teori om vidensstyring i softwareprocesforbedring, der beskriver betydningen af at søge en ligevægt imellem den herskende organisatoriske videnstype (eksemplarisk vs. situeret) og softwareprocesforbedringsmetode (normativ vs. reflektiv). Slutteligt viser denne afhandling, hvorledes et længerevarende forskningsprojekt, inspireret af aktionsforskning, kan styres og fokuseres igennem anvendelsen af Collaborative Practice Research URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7902 Files in this item: 1
Bo_Hansen_Hansen_1.pdf (16.57Mb) -
A Longitudinal Study of Corporate and Organisational Identity DynamicsKjærgaard, Annemette; Morsing, Mette (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Research on identity has raised attention to the importance for managers to align corporate and organisational identity, and to express those identity features that are central, distinct and enduring to strengthen corporate image and reputation among a variety of stakeholders. Drawing from an extensive data collection from two longitudinal studies in the same organisation, Oticon A/S, this study challenges the advantage of an enduring corporate identity by exploring how the dynamics between an organisation’s corporate identity and its organisational identity unfolded over time. Following a grounded theoretical approach, a process model is developed to show how the strong corporate identity fluctuated from being productive for the alignment of organisational identity and member identification to being counterproductive during a period of ten years. The paper discusses the implications of endurance of a strong corporate identity, and contrary to prior research we suggest that a strong corporate identity may result in member disidentification. We also suggest that a strong enduring corporate identity may impede organisational development, because top management will disappoint external and internal audiences if a corporate identity change is suggested. The paper concludes by encouraging more longitudinal research to advance knowledge about the complex dynamics of interplay between corporate and organisational identity. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6451 Files in this item: 1
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from Think Aloud to Participatory AnalysisNielsen, Janni (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Think Aloud is cost effective, promises access to the user’s mind and is the applied usability technique. But "keep talking" is difficult, besides, the multimodal interface is visual not verbal. Eye-tracking seems to get around the verbalisation problem. It captures the visual focus of attention. However, it is expensive, obtrusive and produces huge amount of data. Besides, eye-tracking do not give access to user’s mind. Capturing interface/cursor tracking may be cost effective. It is easy to install, data collection is automatic and unobtrusive and replaying the captured recording to the user and probing about her actions and thoughts open for participatory analysis. Keywords usability test, cost effective, unobtrusive, TA, eye and cursor tracking, user experience, participatory analysis URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6501 Files in this item: 1
14-2004.pdf (347.6Kb) -
Interessetilkendegivelse vedrørende oprettelse af et tværinstitutionelt center for grundforskning i "Læring i virtuelle miljøer"Danielsen, Oluf; Dirckinck-Holmfeld, Lone; Fibiger, Bo; Nielsen, Janni; Sørensen, Birgitte-Hom (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
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Experiences from IndiaSudhanshu, Rai (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper is an outcome of my experience as a team member of the Euro-India Innovation mapping project. The project set out to map India’s IT Innovativeness over two years from January 2008-to December 2009. Here I bring to the fore the different methodologies that we reviewed in order to implement the innovation mapping project and our realization that each methodology in itself though useful may not be sufficient to address the complexity of the subject matter due to the vastness of India and its emerging nature. I outline some of the challenges faced by us when designing a methodology for mapping innovation in a large emerging economy. I discuss some solutions and report on how we solved the problem only to be faced with newer challenges. A methodological design is a challenging endeavor in the normal of time, when it comes to doing the same in a large emerging economy the problems becomes compounded. I highlight some of these problems and discuss some solutions in this paper. I conclude this paper with some insights proposing a mix methodology approach has been useful in addressing the challenges of data collection in emerging economies using our Indian experience as a backdrop to our findings. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8263 Files in this item: 1
Sudhanshu_Working Paper--1.pdf (62.84Kb) -
Enterprise Achitecture versus Total Cost of OwnershipHolm Larsen, Michael; Holck, Jesper; Kühn Pedersen, Mogens (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Abstract: The paper presents an explorative study of Open Source Software (OSS) focusing on the managerial decisions for acquisition of OSS. Based on three case studies we argue that whereas small organizations often may chose adoption of OSS expecting significant cost savings, a major barrier for larger organizations’ adoption of OSS lies in the organizations’ consolidation of the enterprise architectures, in addition to that OSS will not be adopted before satisfactory delivery and procurement models for OSS are established. Keywords: Open Source Software, OSS, Enterprise Architecture, Total Cost of Ownership, Delivery and Procurement Model. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6490 Files in this item: 1
wp 11-2004.pdf (348.3Kb) -
the case of NTT DoCoMoEngel Nielsen, Lars; Mahnke, Volker (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In recent years, the leading Japanese wireless operator NTT DoCoMo has risen from being largely unknown outside Japan to international fame. Ground-breaking service innovations such as the world’s first wireless internet service, I-mode, the world’s first third generation wireless service FOMA, as well as the company’s successful proliferation of its W-CDMA 3G technologies as the UMTS standard in Europe have generally impressed the troubled telecom industry on its brink to the new era wireless data services. Conversely, much scientism has been aired whether the NTT DoCoMo experience applies to European and US contexts due to differences in e.g. demographics, Internet penetration, and wireless industry structures. To date, these considerations have largely been based on anecdotal reports in trade magazines and an increasing number of case studies focused primarily on the I-mode service (e.g. Mulder and Simpson (2001); Harvard (2000)). Notable, exceptions are Ratliff (2001) and Williamson and Meegan (2002) that however both point to the need for elevating insights on NTT DoCoMo. This working paper sets out to contribute to a more elaborate picture of NTT DoCoMo. The working paper is outlined as follows. Departing from a sketch of DoCoMo’s current challenges from the perspective of the CEO Keiji Tachikawa as the financial year 2003 is coming to an end (March 31 2003), a brief introduction to DoCoMo’s history and its innovative capabilities initiates the effort to present a more detailed picture of the company. Then, the normal perception of NTT DoCoMo as a de facto monopolist with all dominating market and bargaining power is challenged by means of longitudinal study of the Japanese wireless market’s development from 1992 to 2003. During this period, DoCoMo’s leadership position as increasingly been challenged by new competitors that emerged from an industry consolidation and regulatory forces. It is found that the nature of competition has shifted from DoCoMo’s undisputed dominance to a more dynamic environment signified by intense service innovation based competition. Then, insights are provided as how the NTT DoCoMo competes in its new environment. Three key strategic pillars are analyzed, namely the company’s to approaches the (1) orchestrating of innovation with the examples of I-mode, C-mode, and Telematics services, (2) relational challenges with the examples of technology standardization alliances, interfirm relationships with handset providers and internationalization partners, and lastly (3) how new growth avenues are explored. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6514 Files in this item: 1
no.6.pdf (843.7Kb) -
A case study on collaboration with clients, in community interaction and learning designØrngreen, Rikke N.; Nielsen, Janni; Levinsen, Karin (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Abstract In this paper the Human Computer Interaction (HCI) Research Group reports on the pre-phase of an e-learning project, which was carried out in collaboration with the client. The project involved an initial exploration of the problem spaces, possibilities and challenges for an online accredited Continued Medical Education (CME) programme at the Lundbeck Institute. The CME programme aims at end-users, which are primarily general practitioners, but also specialists (psychiatrist and psychologists), from all over the world. The assumption was that it would be possible to identify and build on resources and competencies already existing in the client organisation. We asked: What is it we know? Uncovering the prerequisites and background of and with the client allowed us concurrently to identify: What do we not know? Working iteratively in collaboration with the client, allowed us to build on existing resources and networks, suggesting a design, which also included end-users community needs and work-context. Our argument is that if a preparation phase both seeks to confirm knowledge and contemplate what is not yet known, giving attention to the context and need of the client (i.e. not only end-users,) then it is possible to build on existing resources within the client organisation, leading to grounding of design decisions and a match between the e-learning environment designed and the capabilities of the client. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6469 Files in this item: 1
13-2004.pdf (403.8Kb) -
Rai, Sudhanshu; Kuhn Pedersen, Mogens (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
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A Neo-Institutional Understanding of Change Processes within the Business Press - The Case Sudy of Financial TimesKrogh-Meibom, Frederikke (Frederiksberg, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This dissertation examines dynamic processes between human actors and technology that encourage institutional change displayed as the emergence of new work practices. The research design is a micro-level analysis of a case study, conducted in 2002 in London at Financial Times under the headline of the co-evolution of institutions and technology. The study seeks to contribute to neo-institutional theory with a more profound understanding of how institutional embedded actors generate new institutional work practices when they interact with new technology. Two work practices have been studied; the work practice of surveillance and the work practice of publishing. These have been observed and studied as they were unfolding themselves at ft.com at Financial Times. The actions of journalists working at ft.com has been the empirical locus of the micro dynamic processes of changes of otherwise well defined and taken-for-granted institutionalized work practices The findings specify how the micro-dynamic mechanisms of change of work practices is related to the interaction of human actors with new technology. The study of how individual human actors institute changes to established work practices through a process of endogenization of technology is the basis for a better understanding of institutional change and its relation to human actors and their use of new technology. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7740 Files in this item: 1
Frederikke_K_Meibom.pdf (1.912Mb) -
Clemmensen, Torkil (, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The cultural diversity of users of technology challenges our methods for usability evaluation. In this paper we report and compare three ethnographic interview studies of what is a part of a standard (typical) usability test in a company in Mumbai, Beijing and Copenhagen. At each of these three locations, we use structural and contrast questions do a taxonomic and paradigm analysis of a how a company performs a usability test. We find similar parts across the three locations. We also find different results for each location. In Mumbai, most parts of the usability test are not related to the interactive application that is tested, but to differences in user characteristics, test preparation, method, and location. In Copenhagen, considerations about the client´s needs are part of a usability test. In Beijing, the only varying factor is the communication pattern and relation to the user. These results are then contrasted in a cross cultural matrix to identify cultural themes that can help interpret results from existing laboratory research in usability test methods. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7950 Files in this item: 1
WP_2009_004.pdf (230.9Kb) -
Addressing the Procedural Stages of Computer Crime in an Organisational ContextWillison, Robert (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: IS security represents a growing concern for organisations. Although hackers and viruses are often the basis of such concerns, the inside threat of employee computer crime should not be underestimated. From an academic perspective, there are a modest but growing number of texts which examine the ‘insider’ problem. While attention has been given to the influence on offender actions through deterrent safeguards, there has been a lack of insight into the interactive relationship between offender choices made during the actual perpetration of computer crimes, and the context in which such crimes take place. Knowledge of this relationship would be of obvious interest to practitioners who would aim to manipulate the environment and influence offender choices accordingly. To address this oversight, this paper, therefore, advances two criminological theories which it is argued can be used to examine the stages an offender must go through in order for a crime to be committed i.e. the ‘procedural stages’ of computer crime. Hence, this paper illustrates how the two theories, entitled the rational choice perspective and situational crime prevention, can be applied to the IS domain, thereby offering a theoretical basis on which to analyse offender choices/behaviour during perpetration. Through such an analysis greater insights may be offered into selecting appropriate safeguards to prevent computer crime. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6462 Files in this item: 1
09_2005.pdf (436.8Kb) -
Clemmensen, Torkil; Vendelø, Morten (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Abstract: In this paper we present a cost effective and simple procedure for evaluating company web sites. Our assumption is that such sites are places for companies’ self-presentation and that customers are readers of these texts. Web site texts with narrative qualities, e.g. scenes, actors, acts, initiate the customers’ imagination and narrative mind and hence their decision making. These ideas are investigated in a qualitative study of two companies’ self-presentation as future work places for students. The results demonstrate that the students choose the company that has a web site with rich narrative qualities above the company that has a web site with good graphical appearance, but poor narrative qualities. In conclusion, we suggest that user centred evaluation of commercial web sites by using the suggested method can pay attention to deep, narrative structures in both the company’s self-presentation and the customers’ reading of the web site texts. Keywords: Competitive advantage, decision-making, dramas, imagination, narratives, storytelling, web-design. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6442 Files in this item: 1
08-2004.pdf (679.8Kb) -
Willison, Robert; Siponen, Mikko (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper reviews the IS security literature for the period 1990-2004. More specifically three security journals and the top twenty IS journals were examined. In total 1280 papers were analysed in terms of theories, research methods and research topics. Our research found that 1043 of the papers contained no theory. In addition, almost 1000 of the papers were categorized as ‘subjective-argumentative’ in terms of methodology, with field experiments, surveys, case studies and action research accounting for less that 10% (8.10%) of all the papers. Fifty nine research topics were identified with fourteen of these topics totaling 71.05% of the articles. This papers offers implications for future research directions on IS security, scholars to publish IS security research, tenure practice, and IS security classification schemas. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6505 Files in this item: 1
inf_wp_2007-001.pdf (1.305Mb) -
The relationship between evaluator and test userClemmensen, Torkil; Goyal, Shivam (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In this paper, we present the results of a pilot study in Denmark of cross cultural effects on Think Aloud usability testing. We provide an overview of previous research on cross cultural usability evaluation with a special focus on the relationship between the evaluator and the test user. This relation was studied in an experiment with usability testing of a localized clipart application in which eight participants from Denmark and India formed pairs of evaluator-test user. The test users were asked to think aloud and the evaluators’ role were to facilitate the test users thinking aloud and hereby identify usability problems with the clipart application. Data on the evaluators’ and test users’ behaviour were recorded and analyzed by coding and summarizing statistics on these behavioural events. The results show that Think Aloud Usability Test of a localized application is most effectively performed, in terms of number of think aloud events and number of usability problems found, when both the evaluators and the test users are local. These results are however limited to the Danish context and need to be investigated in other cultural settings. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6474 Files in this item: 1
06_2005.pdf (473.4Kb) -
Proceedings from NordiCHI 2008 Workshop Sunday October 19, 2008Clemmensen, Torkil (, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper raises themes that are seen as some of the challenges facing the emerging practice and research field of Human Work Interaction Design. The paper has its offset in the discussions and writings that have been dominant within the IFIP Working Group on Human Work Interaction Design (name HWID) through the last two and half years since the commencement of this Working Group. The paper thus provides an introduction to the theory and empirical evidence that lie behind the combination of empirical work studies and interaction design. It also recommends key topics for future research in Human Work Interaction Design. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7764 Files in this item: 1
01-2008.pdf (3.719Mb) -
Nawaz, Ather; Plocher, Thomas; Clemmensen, Torkil; Qu, Weina; Sun, Xianghong (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: There is a difference in how Danish and Chinese people group object, method and concepts into categories. Difference in these points affect the information structure in applications, which involve menus, links and directories. This study involves groups from Chinese and Danish cultures and investigates how these two cultures group cards into different categories and how their cultural backgrounds affect the structure of their categories. Card Sort, Information Structure, Cultural Difference and Usability. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6518 Files in this item: 1
03_2007.pdf (333.0Kb)