Browsing Working Papers (OM/PEØ) by Title
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Now showing items 6-15 of 15
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a literature study and a preliminary modelBøge Sørensen, Lars (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Keywords Supply Chain Management, Risk Management, Supply Chain Risk Management Abstract To comply with Supply Chain Management dogma companies have cut their inventories to a minimum, lead times have been shortened, new suppliers have been chosen and the customer portfolio has been reduced. All of these activities impose a great deal of risk on the firms, jeopardizing the survival of entire supply chains. In this article the author intends to investigate and document the use and meaning of Risk and Uncertainty within journals publishing material on Supply Chain Management and Logistics. Subsequently suggestions for further research are proposed – the integration of Risk Management into the discipline of Supply Chain Design. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6296 Files in this item: 1
wp2004-02.pdf (19.19Mb) -
En case-samlingHelbo, Martin; Jakobsen, Jesper; Gammelgaard, Britta (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Dette working paper er en samling af case beskrivelser angående indkøbspraksisser i Danmark. Case-dataene er indsamlede i efteråret 2003 og foråret 2004. Alle beskrivelser er validerede af de deltagende virksomheder. I den oprindelige undersøgelse var 10 virksomheder repræsenterede, men én af case-virksomhederne valgte desværre at trække sig ud af undersøgelsen på grund af meget store ændringer i virksomhedens grundlag. Dette ændrer dog ikke det samlede billede af, at indkøbspraksisserne i virksomhederne er i opbrud. Indkøbet bliver i stadig stigende grad opfattet som en vigtig brik til strømlining af forsyningskæden "upstream" mod råvareleverandørerne. En egentlig case-analyse vil kunne findes i kommende publikationer af de tre forfattere. Case beskrivelserne er en vigtig del af datagrundlaget i projektet "Indkøbspraksisser i et SCMperspektiv", der er finansieret af Center for Underleverandører i Herning. Dataene er hovedsagelig tilvejebragt via interviews med indkøbsansvarlige i de pågældende case-virksomheder. I den forbindelse vil vi gerne rette en stor tak til de personer og virksomheder, der velvilligt har stillet sig til rådighed med indsigt i de processer, der strukturerer dagens indkøb. Når vi har valgt at udgive beskrivelserne i et working paper og ikke blot lade dem samle støv i en skuffe som datagrundlag for videnskabelige publikationer, er det fordi, vi håber, at beskrivelserne kan inspirere andre end os selv, eksempelvis virksomheder og nuværende og kommende studerende med interesse i indkøbspraksisser. Nøgleord: sourcing, indkøb, underleverandører, segmentering af indkøb URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6290 Files in this item: 1
wp2004-03.pdf (394.2Kb) -
An interpretation of the bicycle industryMikkola, Juliana Hsuan (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper aims at describing network dynamics through the lenses of modularity. Different types of networks exist as ways of coping with the dynamics of industry demands that are based on modular product architectures. In order to distinguish between different types of mechanisms in which networks (operating with modular product architectures may) evolve, two types of networks are introduced: ‘marketdriven product architecture network’ (i.e., when the industrial network is driven by product architecture that is controlled by the market) and ‘firm-driven product architecture network’ (when the industrial network is driven by product architecture that is controlled by the firm). The history of the technological development of bicycle, since 1890s to 1990s, illustrates how the bicycle industry survived two cycles of disaggregation-concentration. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6286 Files in this item: 1
linkwp02-11.pdf (263.9Kb) -
How risk management frames the possible actions for managing risksChristiansen, Ulrik (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Using a systematic review of the last 55 years of research within risk management this paper explores how risk management as a management technology (methodologies, tools and frameworks to mitigate or manage risks) singles out risks as an object for management in order to make action possible. The paper synthesise by developing a framework of how different views on risk management enable and constrain the knowledge about risk and thus frame the possibilities to measure, analyse and calculate uncertainty and risk. Inspired by social studies of finance and accounting, the paper finally develops three propositions that illustrate how the framing of risk establishes a boundary for how managers might understand value creation and the possible future and how this impacts the possible responses to risk. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8743 Files in this item: 1
Ulrik_Christiansen.pdf (168.2Kb) -
Using the force of partner attractionHald, Kim Sundtoft (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Company performance is increasingly affected by a range of external factors embedded in a complex network of action controlled by other companies’ in its environment. A well managed company, it’s argued, is one that is aware of these external factors, and one who in response seeks to implement tactics maximizing own influence and control over them. Information gathering and model building are tactics normally used in this effort. However, in this article we discuss a third tactic, the tactic of attraction in dyadic relationships. Founded on the theory of social exchange and based on literature reviews on long-term-orientation in relationships and relationship value we develop a conceptual model highlighting the components of attraction in business to business relationships. First we demonstrate how the force of attraction can be understood as partners expected relationship value and how expected relationship value in turn is strengthened or weakened by partner- comfortability and dependability. Then we show how partners perceived attraction towards an industrial company can be managed using a combination of structural- and behavioral adjustments. Key words: Inter-organizational relationships; Relationship Management; Relationship-value; Attraction. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6293 Files in this item: 1
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En analyse af gevinster og omkostninger ved miljømærkningRahbek Pedersen, Esben; Neergaard, Peter; Andersen, Mette; Bech, Line; Olsson, Marie-Louise (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The overall objective of this project is to analyse how companies perceive the costs and benefits from environmental labelling. The project only covers two labels: - the Nordic ‘Swan’ and the European ‘Flower’. The majority of the companies have to high or some extent achieved their objectives regarding the labels. Moreover, most companies believe that environmental labelling improves image. One third of the companies state that the benefits from labelling exceed the costs they have encountered. However, more than half of the companies do not feel that they have gained important advantages from environmental labelling, e.g. from additional sales and earnings. With regards to the costs, environmental labelling does not necessitate high investments in new technology, recruitments, education etc. In other words, the cost barriers are in general small and most companies are able to defray the costs of environmental labelling. In conclusion, most companies have at least to some extent achieved their goals, whereas the economic impacts from environmental labelling have so far been limited. This does not necessarily imply that environmental labelling is without importance. On the contrary, environmental labels hold a number of potentials that make them attractive to companies. However, the prospects of environmental labelling depend on the values, attitudes and behaviour of all relevant stakeholders. Based on the results from the project, we have listed a number of recommendations for the companies, the customers and the administrators, which might stimulate the future development of environmentally labelled goods and services: * Companies. Even though companies in general do not experience substantial advantages from environmental labelling, the labels might have a number of indirect effects, which might increase the companies’ competitiveness in the long run. For instance, environmental labelling might improve the companies’ image and serve as a door opener for Side 5 Miljømærker og effekter new markets. Furthermore, the costs of environmental labelling are very limited. However, companies also have to realise that environmental labelling is not a panacea, which automatically generates a number of positive impacts. * Customers. It is often concluded that customers care about the environment and are willing to pay a price premium for environmentalfriendly goods and services. However, this is not always the case. The results indicate that the customers’ actual purchasing behaviour is not necessarily in accordance with ‘green’ purchasing policies. For instance, a number of companies have experienced that the public procurement practises are inconsistent with formal policies. Realising that the public sector is the driver of environmental labelling much has to be done in order to improve the public procurement: - e.g. through education, campaigns and political action. * Administrators. In general, companies are not pleased with the fee structure of the labelling schemes. They think it would be fairer to impose the fees on the companies who do not produce eco-labelled products. Moreover, when eco-labels in general do not increase profit of products and services, the fees inevitable become an impediment to the future growth of environmental labelling. In general, there is a need to align the fee structure as well as the administrative procedures to the actual costs and advantages of environmental labelling. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6288 Files in this item: 1
wp2004-04.pdf (684.3Kb) -
Toward a General TheoryMikkola, Juliana Hsuan (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The focus of this paper is to integrate various perspectives on product architecture modularity into a general framework, and also to propose a way to measure the degree of modularization embedded in product architectures. Various trade-offs between modular and integral product architectures and how components and interfaces influence the degree of modularization are considered. In order to gain a better understanding of product architecture modularity as a strategy, a theoretical framework and propositions are drawn from various academic literature sources. Based on the literature review, the following key elements of product architecture are identified: components (standard and new-to-the-firm), interfaces (standardization and specification), degree of coupling, and substitutability. A mathematical function, termed modularization function, is introduced to measure the degree of modularization embedded in product architectures, by taking the key elements as the main variables. Various managerial and theoretical implications of the modularization function are drawn. For instance, the function can be used as a framework to aid to examine various leveraging forces behind new product development, manufacturing, and supply chain management policies of a firm. The modularization function also allows us to study the implications of modularization from different theoretical perspectives, such as resource-based view of the firm and transaction cost economics. Finally, the application of the modularization function and its limitations are discussed. Key words: modularity, product architecture URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6287 Files in this item: 1
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Red thread from a WorkshopProckl, Günter; Gammelgaard, Britta (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Sustainability in business is clearly recognized as a very important topic which is intensively discussed in theory and practice. (When it comes to the social and ecological aspects of sustainability, the logistics and transportation industry is often considered one of the prime suspects to be identified as a major polluter reluctant to implement changes and improvements. A workshop was designed and organized in the fall of 2011 to start a discussion on the role that the logistics service industry plays or should play in the sustainability business. The clear objective was to work on the issue – not from the viewpoint of politics and society, not from the viewpoint of industry and the retail sector, and not from that of academia ‐ but from the view of the logistics service providers. In other words, the workshop was designed to help develop a clear statement of the role of the logistics industry. A statement of the logistics industry’s role as the logistics industry understands it. This short paper recapitulates the red thread of the workshop discussions and ends with a summary. This summary is meant as a first draft of a manifest of the industry regarding their view towards the topic of sustainability. It provides statements in response to four basic questions regarding sustainability. As this manifest is made by a focused, but in size and geography limited group, it is of course not representative. Therefore we would like to encourage everyone from the industry in addition to those from outside the industry to support us with comments. Tell us if and why you agree or not, and how we could improve and augment the statements made. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8585 Files in this item: 1
Prockl_Gammelgaard.pdf (405.4Kb) -
Nielsen, Steen; Melander, Preben; Jakobsen, Morten (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Artiklen er resultatet af en undersøgelse af 154 virksomheder foretaget indenfor et samlebegreb, der her benævnes 'Moderne Økonomistyrings-Værktøjer' (MØV). MØV omfatter her: Activity Based Costing, Activity Based Management, target costing, lifecycle- costing, kaizen costing, Total Quality Management, ikkefinansielle performance mål, quality costing, cost of engineering, strategic costing, Business Excellence Modellen, Balanced Scorecard, videnregnskab, Economic Value Added, samt Shareholder Value. Disse begreber er udvalgt, da de vurderes at være de mest kendte og mest omdiskuterede såvel i teorien som i praksis. De inkluderede værktøjer er således ikke udtømmende for listen af nyere økonomistyringskoncepter og ledelsesmodeller. Data er indsamlet ved hjælp af et spørgeskema udsendt dels postalt dels via e-mails. Formålet har været at få en form for state-of-the-art viden på området. Dette betyder, at der kun er få forklarende virksomhedsvariable inddraget. Undersøgelsen viser bl.a., at økonomistyringen i disse år bevæger sig ind på nye områder, men at dette kun sker langsomt og med et rimeligt stort time-lag til følge, i forhold til hvornår et given koncept første gang blev eksponeret i litteraturen. Et andet resultat er, at ABC og Balanced Scorecard rangerer på et højt niveau, når man ser på kendskab, hvorimod Kaizen Costing og Strategic Costing ligger forholdsvist lavt, trods det faktum, at disse i teorien har været kendt i langt længere tid. Dog ser det ud til, at de sidstnævnte mere tekniske og mere veldefinerede koncepter umiddelbart giver en større nytte. Et tredje resultat er, at trods relativt godt kendskab og en positiv holdning,er den konkrete anvendelse af koncepterne langt mindre end først antaget. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6297 Files in this item: 1
moev-artikel-1.pdf (372.7Kb) -
Understanding ERP Usage as Complex Responsive Processes of Conversations in the Daily Practices of a Special Operations ForceChristiansen, Ulrik; Kjærgaard, Annemette; Hartmann, Rasmus Koss (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Organizations are met with increasing demands for being in strategic control. According to conventional managerial wisdom, clearly defined tasks, uniform processes, thorough documentation and strategic oversight are all perceived as part and parcel of making large and unwieldy organizations manageable, transparent and efficient (Johnson, Scholes, & Whittington, 2008; Kaplan & Norton, 2008). To live up to these demands, numerous efforts have been undertaken, including the design and implementation of management information systems. These systems, as epitomized in Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, seek to bring the organization under strategic control by creating a unified infrastructure for collecting and analyzing data from virtually all fields of organizational operations to enable planning and monitoring of activities (Kallinikos, 2006). Expectations of these systems at all levels of the organization are high as they are expected to create organizational transparency and oversight for decision making (Hanseth, Ciborra, & Braa, 2001). In this paper, we explore how ERP systems are used and impact local practice in a specialized unit within The Danish Defense. Specifically, we ask what role SAP R/31 plays in enabling and constraining everyday local practice and the handling of complexity and uncertainty at the organizational front‐line. We draw on a case study conducted in a special operations force unit within the Danish Defense, “The Frogman Corps”. The case illuminates the difficulties of using ERP systems for management control in organizations experiencing complex operational conditions, including tension between centralized control and uniformity on the one hand and unpredictability and need for decentralized decision making on the other hand. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8364 Files in this item: 1
Ulrik_Christensen_SJM working paper.pdf (273.6Kb)
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