Browsing Department of Intercultural Communication and Management (ICM/IKL) by Year Published
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Adaptive Appropriation in Japanese Labor Law and the Roman Catholic Social QuestionTackney, Charles (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
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An Ethnography of a Juried Ceramic Art Exhibition in JapanMoeran, Brian (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This article discusses the social processes among members of a panel of jurors required to award a major prize to one of the submissions to a national ceramics exhibition in Japan. Uniquely based on participant observation-style fieldwork, the article details the voting procedures and (inconclusive) results, before analysing why one particular potter’s submission was selected for the Princess Chichibu Cup. It shows how social relations, rather than aesthetic taste, influenced the final choice, since jury members operated according to an informal pecking order that depended on pre-existing networks and reputations, themselves determined by seniority and age. The fact that judges did not overtly resort to aesthetic criteria when making their evaluations meant that they considered each submission in relation to other submissions, rather than on their own particular merits. They thus ended up comparing ‘incommensurate flaws’, rather than making a selection according to agreed ‘merit’. And yet ‘meritocratic principles’ seem to prevail in the longer term cumulative recognition of potters who are awarded prizes at such exhibitions. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8510 Files in this item: 1
Brian_Moeran_2012.pdf (266.7Kb) -
Enhancing Social Entrepreneurship and Stakeholder TheoryDacanay, Marie Lisa (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This thesis develops a framework for understanding how social enterprises engage the poor and address poverty, a pressing global problem of the 21st century. Using casebased theory building, it studies a theoretical sample of three pairs of Philippine-based social enterprises, where the poor were suppliers, workers, and customers. In half of the cases, the poor were also owners. The research studies the roles and role changes of the poor in these social enterprises, how and why these roles changed, or did not change, and the impact of the roles and role changes, if any, on the social enterprises and the poor. Data for the research was gathered mainly from key informant interviews, published and unpublished organizational documents as well as previous studies done by external consultants on the case subjects. Based on a cross case analysis of the data from the theoretical sample, the thesis develops three models of stakeholder engagement among social enterprises with the poor as primary stakeholders or SEPPS, namely: control, collaboration and empowerment. This thesis provides insights and develops propositions about the importance of stakeholder engagement and the power and limitations of these three models in bringing about social inclusion and poverty reduction. These propositions are suggested to be applicable in countries in the South other than the Philippines where systemic poverty and inequality are exacerbated by the failure of state and market institutions to address the needs of the poor. This thesis makes a contribution to social entrepreneurship and stakeholder theory. It does so by sharing a perspective from the South and giving a voice to the poor as stakeholders. The researcher notes that overall, the poor and the South are under-represented in these discourses. On the whole, social entrepreneurship theorizing has been characterized as embryonic as a topic of academic inquiry. Stakeholder engagement is considered an under-theorized area in stakeholder theory. In developing a framework for understanding stakeholder engagement models involving the poor, this thesis makes a first step towards applying and extending stakeholder theory in SEPPS. The thesis likewise enriches social entrepreneurship theory by conceiving of SEPPS as a global social enterprise model that catalyzes South-North cooperation to address poverty and inequality. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8513 Files in this item: 1
Marie_Lisa_Dacanay.pdf (2.477Mb) -
Kjærgaard, Annemette (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Vi afholdt i efterårssemestret 2012 en fastholdelsesworkshop for de nye studerende på HA(it) med økonomisk støtte fra uddannelsesdekanen. I denne rapport vil vi kort gøre rede for forløbet samt de umiddelbare reaktioner fra de studerende som deltog. Det er først muligt at sammenligne tal for frafald med tidligere årgange til sommer 2013, når de studerende aktivt skal semestertilmelde sig, så denne rapport har ingen resultater ift fastholdelsesmålet. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8652 Files in this item: 1
Kjaergaard.pdf (1.317Mb) -
The case of municipal parking officesDahl, Dorte Boesby (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper is about the work and management of parking patrol officers in a Danish municipal department responsible for parking law enforcement. The job as a parking officer is un-skilled and fairly light in terms of physical demands, but quite demanding in terms of contact and coping with disgruntled car-drivers. In recent years the municipality has developed a strict policy in regard to parking, increasing both the enforcement of parking rules and the prices for parking. Alongside this development, the municipal department has become renowned for management’s active and ambitious work to improve the working environment for parking officers, and to employ diversity management. Regarding parking officers as street-level bureaucrats (Lipsky 2010), the paper addresses the characteristics of their work and the challenges posed to the individual employee and manager. Becoming a parking officer is not only a matter of being able to cope with people on the street, but also being able to cope with colleagues and managements’ particular expectations to your personality. Since the department of parking is part of a public organisation these expectations become all the more complicated (Hoggett 1996). They rely not only on the revenue from parking tickets and organizational credibility, but also on the availability of unskilled work for job-seekers and integration and retention efforts in staff-management. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8605 Files in this item: 1
Boesby_2012.pdf (229.1Kb) -
Kulturanalytisk casestudie om udfordringer og dilemmaer med at forankre Coops CSR-strategiRosenstock, Maja (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Ph.d.-projektet handler om forankringen af Coops CSR-strategi. Coop er, med sine 35.000 ansatte og 1200 butikker spredt ud over hele landet, Danmarks største dagligvarevirksomhed. Coop driver kæderne SuperBrugsen, Kvickly, Dagli’Brugsen, Irma og Fakta. De er ejet at Fællesforeningen for Danmarks Brugsforeninger (FDB), der igen ejes af 1,6 mio. danske forbrugere. Coop blev for nyligt udråbt som "CSR-områdets mediedarling", da de var den virksomhed i Danmark, der havde fået mest positiv CSR-omtale i medierne. Denne afhandling illustrerer, hvor svært det kan være, at praktisere CSR - selv for en virksomhed som Coop. Et af afhandlingens væsentligste bidrag er at undersøge forankringen af CSR-strategien, set indefra virksomheden selv, og på denne måde illustrere de mange udfordringer og dilemmaer, der er forbundet med at praktisere CSR. Netop kompleksiteten og de mange udfordringer og dilemmaer ved CSR-arbejdet beskrives sjældent. Tværtimod hører virksomhederne gang på gang om, hvordan CSR er en oplagt ’business case’, og om hvordan arbejdet med CSR skaber win-win situationer og giver konkurrencemæssige fordele. Afhandlingen kan dermed ses som en modvægt til de mange flatterende beskrivelser af CSR, som den direkte vej til bedre bundlinje og øget vækst. Således følger afhandlingen op på den strategiske tilgang til CSR og sætter denne under nærmere belysning. I afhandlingen diskuteres fordele og ulemper ved den strategiske CSR tilgang, ligesom det illustreres at implementeringen og forankringen af CSR-strategier langt fra er så ligetil, som det umiddelbart kan lyde, når CSR kontinuerligt beskrives som win-win situationer og konkurrencemæssige fordele. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8550 Files in this item: 1
Maja_Rosenstock.pdf (5.783Mb) -
Strand, Robert Gavin (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In this dissertation I examine the establishment of corporate social responsibility (CSR) bureaucracies at corporations and I come to consider the CSR bureaucracy as a space for reflection within the corporation. In the face of charges that bureaucracies are inherently unethical and devoid of consideration for humanistic concerns, I argue that within the large bureaucracy that is the corporation, the CSR bureaucracy can create a space in which tensions that arise from conflicting values and purposes can be identified, negotiated, and actions coordinated. I position this dissertation within the field of CSR, to which I introduce the Weberian distinction between formal and substantive rationality as means through which to identify and describe tensions that become apparent with the CSR agenda. This dissertation contains four articles, two of which draw from the engaged scholarship approach. One includes findings from a study I conducted as an action/intervention researcher with a U.S. corporation during the period in which a CSR bureaucracy was established. The other includes findings from a study of CSR focused MBA courses I instruct in which reflection is a primary learning objective. The other two articles include findings from studies I conducted to explore the establishment of a CSR position to the top management teams of U.S. and Scandinavian corporations. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8462 Files in this item: 1
Robert_Strand.pdf (3.503Mb) -
Moeran, Brian (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This working paper, delivered at the ©reative Encounters workshop on the Business of Ethnography in June 2012, and in part (the sections on advertising and anthropology) at the American Anthropological Association’s annual meeting in San Francisco in November the same year, recounts the author’s personal experiences as a fieldworker to consider what it is that defines the newly emergent sub-discipline of business anthropology. The underlying argument is that all kinds of ethnographic research not overtly conducted on ‘business organizations’ may be counted as an anthropology of business, which itself is not strictly defined by the word ‘business’ per se, but includes such features as kinship and household organization, creative and craft practices, community structures, and so on. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8511 Files in this item: 1
Brian_Moeran_2012_2.pdf (201.0Kb) -
A Qualitative Case StudySøderberg, Anne-Marie (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Previous research tends to overemphasize frictions, cultural clashes and communication breakdowns in virtual teams. The author aims at exploring positive aspects of cross-cultural collaboration and identifying some of the conditions underlying trust-building, employee motivation and team effectiveness. Whereas much research on virtual teams has taken its point of departure in Western MNCs and primarily addressed headquarter concerns, this case study of a Danish MNC´s Indian R & D site gives voice to Indian managers and employees and explores through semi-structured interviews and observations how they perceive communication and collaboration within multinational and multicultural R & D teams, and how they try to find common ground. Based on the interviews accounts, there are several enablers of virtual team collaboration: advanced information and communication technology facilitated virtual communication, and high English-language proficiency among the engineers at different R & D sites made dialogue and knowledge exchange feasible. Moreover, team members shared a strong professional identity as engineers and technicians, and they displayed a strong identification with the MNC, a world leader in the wind power industry. Perceived national differences in leadership and communication style played a minor role, maybe because the majority of Indian managers and employees had previous experience working in other Western MNCs. Some of the Indian managers and employees were even able to act as boundary-spanners between headquarters and the Indian R&D site due to their study and work experiences in other business environments. Culture courses that introduced the Danish and Indian team members to a North European communication and management style, and to an Indian respectively, were introduced on the initiative of the Danish managing director, who - in contrast to the HR department - recognized the importance of facilitating the virtual teamwork through cultural awareness training. Suggestions for further cultural learning processes are given. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8566 Files in this item: 1
Søderberg IHRM 2012 conference paper.pdf (98.55Kb) -
Diversity work in a Swedish MunicipalityRisberg, Annette (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper builds on a case study of diversity work in a Swedish municipality, Malmö. It focus on one aspect of the diversity work done in the municipality, that of a gender and diversity committee and its members – so called diversity ambassadors. I will describe the work of the diversity ambassadors and discuss what impact they could possibly have on the organization. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8558 Files in this item: 1
Annette Risberg paper SCOS 2012.pdf (148.0Kb) -
Danish Foundations, CSR Legislation, and how Tradition Facilitates Compettive AdvantageBlom, Karen Sofie; Kaus, Kristine; Biering-Sørensen, Anna Sophie; Tackney, Charles T. (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In stark contrast to other national settings, the commercial foundation is a rather common form of ownership of enterprises in Denmark. Today, there are around 1,300 Danish commercial foundations. Familiar foundations include AP Møller Mærsk, Carlsberg, Egmont, and Novo Nordisk. Our paper aims to facilitate an understanding of this unique Danish tradition and explore its profound contemporary relevance.The significance of Danish commercial foundations, their societal and compassionate role, has manifested itself through philanthropic projects for centuries. We explore the dual identities that inhere in contemporary Danish commercial foundations, and how these impact contemporary society. There are also challenges and opportunities for such foundations in light of recent Danish corporate social responsibility (CSR) legislation. We explore these through a contextual analysis of legal structures that govern Danish commercial foundations. Extended Foundational Corporate Citizenship (EFCC) is presented in the paper as a communications model or tool to help resolve the inherent tension between a commercial foundation’s contemporary business and philanthropic units, offering an aid to strategic advantage identification. The EFCC model and associated modes of communication proposed may further serve to manage legislative pressures presented to commercial foundations. Moreover, the traditional commercial foundation structure, coupled with EFCC model deployment, appears theoretically and strategically anticipatory of emerging Danish legislative obligations. Isomorphic processes within commercial foundations shed light on the links between the internal communicative challenge and CSR legislation. Such isomorphism appears between the business - philanthropic configuration and the company - CSR configuration. These processes aid recognition of the potential benefit of the inherent structure of a commercial foundation in relation to the emerging focus on CSR legislation. An additional purpose of illustrating the isomorphic processes was to facilitate clarification of a potential strategic advantage of commercial foundations, indicating how such traditional foundations may not only exist in society but operate “ahead of” emerging CSR legislative reporting obligations. The contemporary proliferation of CSR, as a legal matter, is a potent source of consumer interest. It is also a research field that provides commercial foundations with a number of opportunities to explore. Legislative obligations may appear to be little more than a reporting obligation for commercial foundations’ business units. Yet, our research suggests the structure of a commercial foundation already contains a latent communicative advantage for the good, not only of commercial foundations, but also contemporary society. We believe that our research findings in the Danish case of foundation organization and management theory may be of interest to an international audience. Within the structure of a commercial foundation one may find inherent notions of compassion coupled with authentic commercial and profit-making intentions. Indeed, we hope the results offer a path to successfully anticipate current, as well as future, stakeholder and public expectations for an organizational form of historical interest and future merit. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8612 Files in this item: 1
Tackney_2012_1.pdf (541.6Kb) -
Built-in cooperation with business communityMadsen, Dorte (, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to present the design of a three year bachelor’s programme in information management. In 2006, a new educational programme in Information Management was launched at Copenhagen Business School (CBS) in Denmark: BA in Information Management (http://www.cbs.dk/im). Developing this programme was motivated by a wish to launch a programme with a specific focus on the emerging digital, global information world in which we live, and the initiation of the programme was motivated by a strong demand from the business community calling for graduates with a holistic view of information processes and practices in organisations. The paper focuses on the underlying model for curriculum design which has been developed at CBS. The model takes its starting point in the business community’s perception of the graduates’ future practice. In the bachelor’s programme in information management, the cooperation with the business community has been built into the curriculum design in the form of problem-based projects and an internship. On the basis of a survey of the business community’s perception of future practice, a qualifications profile for the programme was formulated. The importance of problem-oriented work is discussed, as well as the interplay between problem-based and discipline-based elements in the curriculum design. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8639 Files in this item: 1
Madsen2012_Curriculum design.pdf (270.2Kb) -
Cultural Cognition and U.S. Labor RelationsTackney, Charles T.; Sato, Toyoko (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Our study explores cultural cognition in comparative U.S. – Japan employment relations through interdisciplinary analysis of Japanese Supreme Court regulation of the post-World War II lifetime employment system and the latest data available on Japan's collective bargaining-based approach to employee participation in managerial prerogative. The comparative social policy aim is to examine and account for observed employment relations variance in the U.S. and Japan, given their similar labor legislation. Japan’s Supreme Court recognizes lifetime employment as an institutionalized practice and we report all 236 references to the term “lifetime employment” in Japanese case law: 178 regional cases, 43 regional superior cases, and 15 Supreme Court cases. Quantitative analysis of Supreme Court cases contextualizes these references in post-World War II history; qualitative analysis focuses on the Court's discourse. Causally related to this recognition, management councils (a form of employee participation in managerial prerogative) are also a defining feature of Japanese employment relations at the enterprise level. Despite unionization rate declines in both nations, the persistence of Japan's participatory employee relations system contrasts sharply with recent U.S. state-based legislative assaults on long-standing collective bargaining, particularly for public sector unions. The concept of cultural cognition, recently deployed in legal studies to account for domestic U.S. risk, public policy and voting preferences, offers theoretical grounds for better understanding of the observed comparative variance in employment practices. We conclude with proposals for organized labor in the U.S. to strengthen prospects for informal network proliferation and employee participation, with the goal of enhancing national competitiveness. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8613 Files in this item: 1
Tackney_2012_2.pdf (531.3Kb) -
Tackney, Charles T. (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This is an exploration, using Japanese language primary sources, of management policies and relat-ed industrial sector ecology of the post-World War II machine tools industry. From postwar devas-tation to global leader in worldwide market share by the mid-1980s, remarkably little is know of the factors that contributed to this sucess. Paralleling Max Holland’s 1989 Burgmaster case study method of the U.S. firm’s and industry failure, this study examines the history of Okuma Corpora-tion, an Aichi Prefecture machine tools producer. The role of management leaders and government support for viable firms is shown to provide the necessary industrial ecology for machine tools pro-ducers to recover, innovate, deal with successive oil shocks, and achieve a leadership role in the machine tools sector. Comparative reflections on the parallel decline of the U.S. machine tools in-dustrial sector conclude the paper. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8614 Files in this item: 1
Tackney_2012_3.pdf (505.2Kb) -
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Abstract: Tourism policy matters in cultural tourism. The starting point of this paper is the observation that many tourism policy studies draw three inter-related conclusions. One, tourism policy must be inclusive and require the support of different stakeholders (Baker 2009; Bernhard Jørgensen and Munar 2009). Two, a balanced approach to tourism policy is needed to harness the benefits of tourism while mitigating negative effects (Budeanu 2009; Chang 1997; Jenkins 1997; Leheny 1995, Newby 1994; Teo and Yeoh, 1997). Three, tourism policies should accentuate and maintain the cultural uniqueness and authenticity of the destination (Morgan et al. 2011). It seems that many tourism authorities are ignorant of local interests, unaware of the touristification of local cultures and uninterested in promoting local cultures. But local cultures and communities are what that constitute cultural tourism. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8394 Files in this item: 1
Can-Seng_Ooi_WP_2012.pdf (37.99Kb) -
Et casestudie om styring og meningsskabelse i relation til CSR ud fra en intern optikSkovmøller, Carina Christine (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Ph.d.-afhandlingen undersøger betydningen af ledelsens styringsform i forhold til medarbejdernes meningsskabelse omkring CSR. Herunder hvorvidt CSR som koncept påvirker medarbejderes forventninger til ledelsens styringsform og sensegiving, og i givet fald hvordan. Ligeledes hvilke virksomhedsinterne processer der viser sig at have indflydelse på ledelsens styringsform og medarbejdernes meningsskabelsesproces i relation til CSR. Afhandlingen er baseret på et longitudinelt studie i VELUX hovedkontor i Hørsholm, Danmark, i forhold til implementeringen af Sustainable Living, som er det overordnede mål for VELUX’ arbejde med bæredygtighed såvel internt som eksternt. Data er indhentet med to års interval i henholdsvis 2008 og 2010 og er baseret på 70 interviews med medarbejdere, mellemledere og ledelse i 2008 og 2010 samt observationsstudier i sammenlagt 2½ år. Sideløbende med disse undersøgelser har jeg deltaget i seminarer, projekter & møder, fulgt presseomtale om CSR i VELUX og undersøgt interne dokumenter med relation til CSR området. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8421 Files in this item: 1
Carina_C_Skovmøller.pdf (1.402Mb) -
CPH Kids and Danish Children's FashionCsaba, Fabian Faurholt; Larsen, Frederik (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: During the Copenhagen Fashion Week A/W 2010, CPH Kids opened as the first independent trade fair for children’s clothing. Despite considerable resistance, the fair managed to establish itself and challenge the established order by providing a venue devoted fully to children’s clothing and luring away exhibitors and visitors looking for change. In this paper, we analyze the dynamic development and distinctive traits of the children’s clothing sector symbolized at the new fair. Our study contributes to inquiry into the role of fairs and festivals in the creative industries by examining the special case of coinciding, competing trade fairs. We introduce and build on three closely related, but in our view complementary, concepts applied and developed in analyses of festivals, trade shows and other kinds of temporary, usually competitive events, namely tournament rituals, field configuring events and tournaments of value. We establish the common ground of the three approaches, particular their assertion of the rich research potential and vital significance of festivals, fairs and similar events for many fields, whether deemed creative or not. We also single out particular strengths of each approach, which inform our inquiry. They review of theory, points to how existing work has explored fairs as arenas of conflict between exhibitors as well as the rivalry between events separated in time and/or place. In our case, we demonstrate how the emergence of a rival fair both incites and exposes division or segmentation of a field. This observation in our view, challenges prevailing understandings of the relationship between fields and the events, we assume represent and shape them. We argue that it is more complicated than extant theory suggests, and this has implications for the analysis of the fairs and to their role in configuring field. We raise questions about the precise manner in and extent to which events configure field, and point to the agency of event organizers, the fair context and the fair as medium as factors that need to be factored in. The reflections on the field configuring capacity of fairs and similar event, inform our explorations of Danish childrenswear. Following the tournament of value-approach, we place values – more specifically how different values are affirmed and negotiated at the fairs – at the center of our analysis. The approach suggests, that symbolic value, and ultimately the (economic) value exchange value, of cultural products are established through judgments of their technical/material, social, situational, appreciative and utility values. However, we do not focus as much on specific evaluative practices in the field, as the cultural values and norms around which childhood is constructed. These values are vital for the field of children’s clothing, so we address contemporary concerns about childhood placing a particular emphasis on the Nordic context with its the notion of “the competent child”. While our analysis only offers only selected snapshots of the many activities at the two fairs, we have pointed to some of the ways in which positions are staked, values are addressed, forms of capital built and exchanged, and different field configuring mechanisms operate. We conclude, that while further research is required to gauge the field configuring impact of CPH Kids and explore the values, identities and structures of Danish children’s fashion in more depth, our investigation points to the field dividing impact that fairs might have. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8254 Files in this item: 1
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2011 First Global Lonergan SurveyTackney, Charles T. (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8296 Files in this item: 1
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The Careers, Survival Functions and Income of ArtistsBille, Trine; Jensen, Søren; Vestergaard, Trine (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Many studies on the creative labor market have been done with the purpose to get knowledge on the creative workers employment, working conditions, income etc. (e.g. Alper and Wassall (2006), Throsby (2001), Throsby and Hollister (2003), Heian, Løyland and Mangset (2008), Abbing (2002). Most studies have been based on interviews and this approach has of course its pros and cons. Very few studies are based on true longitudinal data making it possible to study artists income development and survival in the professions (one exception is Coulangeon et al., 2005) The aim of this study is to analyze, comparatively for different groups of artists, the factors that affect 1) the income of artists, and 2) the probability of an artist exits the artists labor market. The paper compares different groups of artists, by looking at income functions and survival functions concerning risks to exit the labor market, using event history techniques (survival functions and Cox regressions). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8378 Files in this item: 1
Trine Bille_ Creative Encounters_63.pdf (308.9Kb) -
Imellem nyt og gammeltSkov, Lise; Larsen, Frederik; Nette, Sarah (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Formålet med denne rapport er at afdække markedet for kommissionsgenbrugstøj i København. Gennem en række kvalitative interview med forretningsindehavere og observationer i kommissionsgenbrugsforretninger, forsøger vi at karakterisere kommissionsgenbrugstøjforretningerne, deres forhold til henholdsvis genbrugsforretninger og førstehånds tøjforretninger samt deres indbyrdes placeringer. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8280 Files in this item: 1
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