Browsing Department of International Economics and Management (INT) by Title
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A framework for analyzing innovation in the context of holiday package industryBudeanu, Adriana (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper has the starting point in the acknowledgement that a closer examination of the operational elements related to holiday packages may reveal advanced opportunities for advanced innovation. The investigation confirms that such opportunities exist in the intangible aspects of tourism products and production. Summarizing these findings, the paper proposes a framework that enables better insights into the nature of tourism innovation. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8545 Files in this item: 1
Budeanu_WP2_2012.pdf (53.29Kb) -
Some lessons from German FDI in HungaryDörrenbächer, Christoph (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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Petersen, Bent; Welch, Lawrence S.; Liesch, Peter W. (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Hobdari, Bersant; Jones, Derek C.; Mygind, Niels (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Unlike previous empirical work in analyzing investment behavior and the determinants of liquidity constraints, we use a switching regression framework when sample separation is unknown and endogenous and firms are assumed to operate either in the financially constrained or in the financially unconstrained regime. The actual regime the firm is in is determined by a switching or selection function, which depends on those variables that theoretically determine the wedge between internal and external finance, the severity of information and agency problems and time-varying firm characteristics. By using new panel data for Estonian companies during 1993 through 1999 we find that: (i) separate regimes exist in investment behavior; (ii) the likelihood of being financially constrained is higher in firms that are recently privatized, small and where ownership is concentrated in the hands of insiders and the state; (iii) soft budget constraints lower the probability of a firm being financially constrained; (iv) the actual probabilities of operating in the financially constrained regime are calculated to be quite high and essentially stable during 1993-1999: 0.52-0.57 for state owned firms, 0.40-0.46 for domestic owned firms and 0.53-0.57 for employee owned firms; (v) ownership structure affects investment beyond its indirect effects through financial constraints. Corporate Investment, Liquidity Constraints, Insider Ownership, Switching Regression, Soft Budget Constraint. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6626 Files in this item: 1
switchingregressionpaper-1.pdf (418.7Kb) -
The Absorptive Capacities of South African Automotive Component SuppliersLorentzen, Jochen (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Innovative firms in developing countries have the odds stacked against them in more than one way. They must contend with the objective difficulties of all sorts of capital shortages and deficient infrastructures. Highly-trained scientists, well-endowed labs, seed funding, and institutions that test and certify prototypes and protect the resulting intellectual property are few and far between in the South. They must also come to terms with global value chains in which for different reasons both multinational corporations and smaller, knowledge-intensive firms typically keep R&D close to home. And finally, they are up against the broad brush of academic thought on industrial development which essentially holds that because of the technology gap between developed and developing countries, innovation proper can only really happen in the North. Thus if innovative firms appear on the radar screen at all, they are likely to register but an errant blip, the exception to the rule, that do not warrant systematic analysis. This paper analyses the absorptive capacities of automotive component suppliers in South Africa. It shows that some firms design and manufacture innovative products, while others upgrade their technological capability or merely strive to attain execution competence. It suggests that the reason for the differential performance lies in the strategic use of advanced technical skills and the kind of learning about frontier technology engendered by R&D. It further discusses the ways in which foreign-owned technology is internalised more or less easily depending on whether or not it is controlled by multinational firms or by passive investors. Section 2 reviews the literature on absorptive capacities in developing countries. Section 3 discusses innovation and the technology frontier in the automotive industry, and Section 4 briefly outlines why this is relevant to firms in South Africa. Section 5 presents data and methodology. Section 6 discusses the findings. Section 7 concludes with suggestions for further research. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6622 Files in this item: 1
itsr&dstupidapril2004.pdf (358.6Kb) -
Exploring a New Indicator to Predict Financial PerformanceHallin, Carina Antonia; Tveterås, Sigbjørn; Andersen, Torben Juul (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper explores a new judgmental forecasting indicator, the Employee Sensed Operational Capabilities (ESOC). The purpose of the ESOC is to establish a practical prediction tool that can provide early signals about changes in financial performance by gauging frontline employees’ sensing of changes in the firm’s operational capabilities. We present the first stage of the development of ESOC by applying a formative measurement approach to test the index in relation to financial performance and against an organizational commitment scale. We use distributed lag models to test whether the ESOC can predict financial performance. Monthly data were collected from frontline employees in three different companies during an 18-month period, and the initial results indicate that the ESOChas predictive power. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8507 Files in this item: 1
Hallin .pdf (479.4Kb) -
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URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6538 Files in this item: 1
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Gammelgaard, Jens; Ritter, Thomas (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Previous discussions of knowledge transfers within multinational corporations (MNC’s) tended to focus on the process as an isolated phenomenon, and the factors that impede these transfers. Less attention has been given to the identification and personal codification processes of knowledge prior to transfer. A model for understanding how knowledge is retrieved in MNC’s is proposed in this paper, with a specific focus on the retrieval of information located in information technology (IT) systems. The model is derived from (1) a critical examination of knowledge management theory, and (2) the empirical research results gathered from Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC). Our survey of CSC reveals that the company is able to overcome the problem of identifying valuable knowledge in a geographical dispersed organization by establishing virtual communities of practice via its portal system. Virtual communities of practice are seen as a combination of the codification and the personalization strategies in this paper. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6551 Files in this item: 1
jg-3.pdf (260.9Kb) -
Gammelgaard, Jens; Husted, Kenneth; Michailova, Snejina (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Pedersen, Torben; Petersen, Bent; Sharma, Deo (, 2003)[More information][Less information]
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Are Entrant Firms Exposed to a 'Shock Effect'?Pedersen, Torben; Petersen, Bent (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
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implication of growing cross-border interdependenceNarula, Rajneesh (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Barnes, Justin; Lorentzen, Jochen (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper addresses the innovation activities of automotive component manufacturers in South Africa. It looks at the technological trajectory of a handful of firms that stand out from the crowd and analyses the results of their endeavours in the context of their interaction with foreign capital, their internal upgrading and R&D agenda, and their interface with South Africa’s national innovation system (NIS). The analysis makes use of eight case studies, and illustrates the conditions under which indigenous innovation in the automotive industries can happen in a developing country. This finding contradicts at least part of the conventional wisdom concerning the location of innovation activities in global car value chains. Results also point to a deficient NIS insofar as there appears to be a disjuncture between the demand for engineering competence in the manufacturing sector on the one hand and output from the tertiary education sector on the other. Open questions that need further attention include among others the overall functioning of the NIS, and changes over time in the perception of local innovation potential by car assemblers. Keywords: automotive industry, developing countries, technology transfer, technology accumulation, innovation. JEL Classification: L62, O31, O32. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6546 Files in this item: 1
lorentzen_text_nov2003.pdf (547.2Kb) -
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Abstract: This paper describes the current state of the management academia as a naked carnival, namely, most of the management researches have no such a clothes called practical relevance. It is intended to provide an explanation why management research has become irrelevant to the real management practice. It argues there are three factors behind the irrelevance problem: first, the ‘scientific model’ of management studies generates an initial and internal force which pushes the management research away from practice management studies supposed to serve; second, paradigm maintenance effort of the mainstream management scholars prevents the irrelevant management academia moving back towards management practice; third, the surrounding environment provides the management academia anything but a strong counter force to change the irrelevance reality. This paper also argues any solutions under the ‘scientific model’ are doomed to failure; and the only way out is to completely abandon the ‘scientific model’ and adopt a ‘professional model’ of management studies. Unfortunately, this paper argues such a radical change from within is highly unlikely to happen. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7826 Files in this item: 1
wp1-2009-xl.pdf (264.4Kb) -
an explanationPatibandla, Murali; Phani, B.V. (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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Promoting Rule Compliance and Good Governance PracticeGregoric, Aleksandra; Zajc, Katarina; Simoneti, Marko (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The paper re-examines the concerns on the rule-based governance in poor institutional environment. By relying on the theories and research vehicles of social psychology, we show that under certain conditions, the ‘law on books’ may still play role in governing market transactions, even though no formal enforcement applies. We furthermore expose the potential of the Corporate Governance Code as the ‘signaling device’ and provide arguments as to why this potential may be even stronger in an environment with relatively weak institutions in comparison to the developed market economies. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6531 Files in this item: 1
wp9-2007.pdf (234.5Kb) -
The Role of Technology in Sustainable Tourism GovernanceBudeanu, Adriana (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Tourism has a dualistic nature characterised on the one hand by a high resilience and constant growth and on the other hand by a short-term greed of “consuming” its own life support systems: nature, culture and communities (Snepenger, Snepenger, Dalbey, & Wessol, 2007). Both aspects are constantly spurred by the rapid changes in demand and the diversity of supply, and the intrinsic importance that tourism has gained in individual lifestyles and in national economies. In addition, the strong influence of globalization on the institutional, organizational and policy formulation (Hall, 2005), determines three major aspects of tourism: the expansion of demand, the concentration of supply and increased similarities in demand. (Cornelissen, 2005) Consequently, the fragile balance required by a sustainable tourism development (European Commission, 2003a), (UNEP / UNWTO / WMO, 2008) is often at risk from conflicting goals of conservation versus development plans for tourism. Mixed approaches that combine top-down governance models with bottom-up collaborative strategies and policy networks are considered able to provide resilient decision making systems able to cope with unexpected challenges or conflict situations. These are characterized by shared rule-making and agreements between interdependent actors with divergent opinions and goals (Elzen, Geels, & Ken, 2004). Ultimately, a significant progress towards sustainability can be achieved by fostering changes of meaning and concepts, infrastructures and user-learning processes (Ehrenfeld, 2001). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8508 Files in this item: 1
Budeanu.pdf (222.2Kb) -
a comparisonSteen Knudsen, Jette; Dylla, Bronwyn (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Determinants and MotivationsHobdari, Bersant; Sinani, Evis; Papanastassiou, Marina; Pearce, Robert (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Using a sample of 603 subsidiaries Chinese Multinational Corporations (MNCs) and 174 subsidiaries Indian MNCs, we explore the regional and industrial pattern of their direct investment strategies. Our analysis reveals several important facts. First, most of outward foeign direct investment (FDI) is directed in finance and real estate and services. Second, by far the majority of investment projects are carried out in the home region of Asia-Pacific. Third, outward FDI is highly concentrated geographically and the average investment project is relatively small. Fourth, establishment of subsidiaries is the most preferred way of carrying out FDI. Finally, firm-specific and location-specific characteristics are important drivers of FDI strategies. Last but not least, a large proportion of Chinese and Indian investments is conducted mainly within those countries themselves, revealing a strong multi- domestic character. Outward Foreign Direct Investment, Chinese Multinational Corporations, Indian Multinational Corporations, Market Seeking, Resource Seeking, Efficiency Seeking, Risk Diversification URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6548 Files in this item: 1
chinaindiainvestmentstrategies.pdf (266.2Kb)