Browsing Centres by Title
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Braun, Sebastian (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The paper presents first empirical evidence on the effect of foreign ownership on the union wage premium. Using matched employer-employee data for Denmark, the positive effect of plant-level unionisation on wages is found to vanish in foreign-owned firm. While the estimation establishes a positive wage effect of foreign ownership of between two and four per cent for workers employed in non-unionised firms, the foreign ownership premium is close to zero for workers in highly unionised enterprises. This result might help to understand why trade unions frequently resist foreign take-overs even though the existence of a positive foreign ownership wage premium is widely acknowledged in the literature. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7715 Files in this item: 1
dp 2008-07.pdf (181.2Kb) -
Lando, Henrik (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The paper argues that society should vary the sanction applied to a criminal defendant with the weight of the evidence against him or her. This is optimal when it is costly for society to apply sanctions, since it can yield the same degree of deterrence while requiring fewer resources to be spent on sanctioning. Furthermore, when the unfairness of convicting an innocent defendant increases with the size of the sanction, this provides a further rationale for graduating sanctions with the probability of guilt. Some objections are briefly discussed, mainly that it is inherently unfair to apply different sanctions on people, who have committed the same offense, and that the legal system will lose legitimacy if it allows sanctions to vary in the way suggested. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6820 Files in this item: 1
wplefic082004.pdf (289.7Kb) -
Country-of-Origin or End-Use of Products.Sørensen, Anders (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper investigates the empirical consequences for the relationship between skill upgrading and internationalization by decomposing import after country-of-origin and after the end-use of products. I find that the break-down after country-of-origin is of crucial importance, implying that international trade with low-wage countries leads to comprehensive skill upgrading, whereas international trade with high-wage countries leads to skill downgrading in Danish Manufacturing. The empirical literature on skill-upgrading and internationalization has mainly focused on international outsourcing and has to a large extent disregarded import penetration. By splitting import after country-of-origin, this reintroduces import penetration as an important explanation for skill upgrading. skill upgrading, import, country-of-origin, end-use of products URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7686 Files in this item: 1
artikel 19.pdf (143.0Kb) -
Poutvaara, Panu; Siemers, Lars (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We study the social interaction of non-smokers and smokers as a sequential game, incorporating insights from social psychology and experimental economics into an economic model. Social norms a®ect human behavior such that non-smokers do not ask smokers to stop smoking and stay with them, even though disutility from smoking exceeds utility from social interaction. Overall, smoking is unduly often accepted when accommodating smoking is the social norm. The introduction of smoking and non-smoking areas does not overcome this speci¯c ine±ciency. We conclude that smoking bans may represent a required (second-best) policy. smoking policy, health, social norms, guilt aversion, social interaction URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7702 Files in this item: 1
artikel 14.pdf (283.5Kb) -
The role of equity in the transition from egalitarianism to capitalismRutten, Koen (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The ‘Scientific Development Concept’, promulgated by Hu Jintao in 2007 articulated the increased eminence of social development in official ideology. The shift from political and economic objectives towards social factors can be explained by growing concerns over the current negative externalities of China’s economic growth, the long and midterm sustainability of its economic development model and the implications thereof for social stability and political legitimacy. An immediate priority has been to formulate and implement a response to mitigate the disruptive effects of the transition to a market economy. Such a response must cover a wide array of social issues, ranging from provision of health, education and infrastructure, pension to unemployment insurance and poverty alleviation. The welfare issue is characterized by high degrees of complexity and interdependency between endogenous factors and exogenous political and economic variables. Improvements are further confounded by the high decentralization of administration, regional disparities and the sheer size of operations. Although progress has been made on most fronts, it remains to be seen whether recent initiatives will prove sufficient to meet China’s social challenges. In this paper, I provide a summary of the academic literature on post-reform development of the welfare system. I will give an overview of its most salient problems, initiatives and their preliminary outcomes. Finally, I will present some concluding remarks and provide suggestions for future research. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8018 Files in this item: 1
Koen.pdf (152.8Kb) -
A Single User-Action Solution to Creating, Tagging, Geo-Coding, Archiving, Sharing, and Streaming of Digital Artifacts, Objects, and ContentVatrapu, Ravi; Joseph, Sam (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The Socio-Spatial History Recorder system provides a one-stop single-user action solution to creating, tagging, geo-coding, archiving, sharing and streaming of digital artifacts. Users of this solution will no longer need to perform intermediary actions to edit, prepare, and publish their digital artifacts to the Internet or their social networks. For example, in the case of digital still images, this system offers a one-click solution to sharing a digital artifact. An user can shoot a picture, geo-code the picture, display the picture in a mapping application, and share it with another user all by one and only one shutter click on the digital still image capturing device. Social sharing rules and rights can be set up in advance or dynamically configured and the digital artifacts can be encrypted if desired or required. Practical uses of this system in the social domain include unobtrusive social sharing of digital artifacts embedded in their rich interactional contexts. Practical uses are also in application domains that require or would benefit from unobtrusive collection of rich ecological data without disrupting and/or interrupting the user's primary activity cycle. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7974 Files in this item: 1
2009-CAICT_Com_62009-SA-Paper.pdf (618.5Kb) -
Yenching University, St. John’s University and Yale in ChinaGjedssø Bertelsen, Rasmus; Thybo Møller, Steffen (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper analyses the historical ‘direct’ soft power of American missionary universities in China and their ‘reverse’ soft power towards American society until their nationalization in the early 1950s. The paper also addresses the soft power of the legacies of these historical universities. This analysis is based on the cases of St. John’s University, Yale-in-China and Yenching University. American missionary universities were founded with the clear ‘direct’ soft power purpose of attracting the Chinese ‘other’ to Christianity. However, soft power resources often have unintended behavioral consequences and a particularly interesting one is ‘reverse’ soft power: Where the intended object society of soft power influences the originator society of soft power, for example, through education and advocacy. American missionary universities exercised substantial soft power both toward the Chinese host society and toward the American society. The institutions in China also left institutional legacies at American—and Canadian—universities which continue to hold soft power in the relationship between American and Chinese society. The extent and limitation of this bidirectional soft power can be discerned from what attracted different actors to these universities and what those and other actors rejected about these universities; this is based on a detailed analysis of the relations between the universities and different public and private actors in the host society and the society of origin. These relations were characterized by the role of the universities as bridges between host society and society of origin carrying much information between societies, raising awareness and interest about the other society, moving elite-level human resources back and forth and raising large financial resources in the USA for education and research in China. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8202 Files in this item: 1
revised CDP 2010-34.pdf (178.4Kb) -
Wihlborg, Clas (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The democratic deficit in the so-called bargaining democracy provides the motivation for constitutional efforts to limit the ability of different groups to form coalitions that are able to grant benefits to themselves through legislation that more or less directly benefit identifiable groups. A constitutional hierachy of laws that stand in conflict is proposed. In this hierarchy more "rule-oriented" legislation dominate less "rule-oriented" legislation. The main purpose of the proposal is to create a momentum of the political process towards more rule-oriented policy actions and legislation, and to inspire the policy debate to focus on principles and rules to an increasing extent. At the same time, the difficulty of defining a rule as opposed to an outcome-oriented directive is avoided by limiting the task of a constitutional court to simply rank conflicting policy actions with respect to the degree actions satisfy criteria for rules. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6791 Files in this item: 1
wplefic052004.pdf (195.8Kb) -
Vatrapu, Ravi (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7976 Files in this item: 1
2009-CAICT_Com_42009-ER-Paper.pdf (698.4Kb) -
A Space Indexed Song Selector, Mapper, and VisualizerVatrapu, Ravi; Joseph, Sam (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The Songs+Spaces system supports dynamic song selection and visualization based on the digital artifacts associated with a particular location. Songs+Spaces allows the user to select between different channels that filter out sets of digital artifacts associated with their current location. The Songs+Spaces system chooses songs based on user (self or other) preferences, geo-coded photos, videos, text annotations, and graphics associated with a particular place and uses them to provide visual accompaniment on the screen of a personal media player or heads up display. This application makes use of GPS or other location based services, and will run on any device that has access to such services URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7975 Files in this item: 1
2009-CAICT_Com_72009-SS-Paper.pdf (405.6Kb) -
exploring the role of local externalities and global networksJensen, Camilla (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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a matter of contractual failuresRose, Caspar (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Abstract: This article analyzes the conflict of interests between shareholders and other stakeholders, including when such conflicts of interests may arise. It is argued that shareholder value cannot be justified simply by referring to any prerogative property rights of the shareholders. Instead, shareholder value coincides with the efficient hypothetical perfect contract. However, due to contractual failures in certain bargain situations, management may be unable to "internalize the firms externalities". This means that in these situations there is a tradeoff between a broad duty of loyalty for management in listed firms and other traditional remedies. The theoretical insights are applied on a case from the Danish Supreme Court (Louis Poulsen A/S) where the interests of the stakeholders were decisive. However, it is shown that the verdict may instead harm the relevant stakeholders illustrating how cautious the legal system should use a doctrine based on the "company’s interests". In addition, the notion of a firm’s social responsibility is critically evaluated together with the associated pitfalls of accepting this concept. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6796 Files in this item: 1
wplefic162003.pdf (375.9Kb) -
Chong, Sabrina; Wad, Peter (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Offshore outsourcing of business activities from the Global North to the Global South does not only relocate investments and jobs, but has also brought about new business demands on suppliers activities and their social and environmental impact. The article explores whether, how and why offshore outsourcing transactions between foreign firms and Malaysian firms affect the upgrading of the CSR activities of Malaysia incorporated firms, taking the particular institutional context of Malaysia into consideration. The focus is on recipient country vendors, contract manufacturers or subcontractors and their reception of and strategising about corporate social responsibility. The findings of the study indicate, firstly, that the amount of foreign (sub)contracting influences the CSR strategising of domestic firms while the global value chain position is only conditioning the offshore outsourcing portfolio. Secondly, both the corporate governance of Malaysian affiliate and the Malaysian government play an important role shaping the perception, rhetoric and organisation of CSR activities by firms in Malaysia with a domestic value chain position. Hence, firms in Malaysia are squeezed by international business linkages and the local institutional context. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6757 Files in this item: 1
wps-2007_no.7.pdf (420.9Kb) -
The Case of Roshan, An Afghan Telecommunication CompanyAzizi, Sameer A. (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: CSR is a rising phenomena in Afghanistan – but why are firms concerned about CSR in a least-developed context such as Afghanistan, and what are the strategic benefits? This paper is one of the first to explore these CSR issues in a least-developed country. It does so by focusing on CSR in the Afghan telecommunication sector and in particular on ‘Roshan’ as a case company. The findings of this paper are two-folded. First, it provides an overview of the CSR practices in the telecommunication sector in Afghanistan. Second, it focuses on one case and explains whether Roshan can gain strategic advantages through CSR in Afghanistan, and if so which and how these strategic benefits are gained. The paper shows that the developmental challenges of Afghanistan are the key explanations for why companies engage in CSR. Roshan has engaged in proactive CSR to overcome the contextual barriers for growth. Based on an analysis of five CSR projects, it can be assessed that Roshan enhances its competitive advantage through CSR in internal, external, and wider- society levels. It is analyzed that Roshan influences its competitive context both from inside-out and out-side in dimensions, and that the CSR projects could all live up to the strategic CSR criteria drawn from the academic work of Porter and Kramer, Burke and Logsdon and Blowfield. Finally, the paper discusses how in a context of a weak state and civil society, and massive developmental challenges, CSR is not a matter of an ‘add-on choice’, but is based on a ‘license to operate’ motivation, where businesses have free room for maneuvering CSR towards their strategic priorities and business goals. Whether this creates a ‘shared value’ for both business and in particularly for the society is however still questionable. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8444 Files in this item: 1
Azizi_CBDS_nr _1_2012.pdf (704.0Kb) -
the case of TAMIV S.A.Arens, Patrick (København, 1998)[More information][Less information]
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Duus, Henrik Johannsen (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Current changes in business conditions may increase interest in environmental scanning and external analysis within the area of corporate strategy. Thus, strategic forecasting is gaining prominence. Strategic forecasting can be defined as the area of business economics that deals with the study and the practical application of methods, theories, models and techniques for long-term analysis of the non-proximate environment of the firm with the purpose of conducting strategic innovation. This paper distinguishes strategic forecasting from other analytical approaches and develops its theoretical basis. Finally, challenges in future theoretical development and implications for business economic theory and practices are elaborated. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7674 Files in this item: 1
cme 2008-017.pdf (200.8Kb) -
Duus, Henrik Johannsen (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Der kan forventes en øget interesse for virksomhedens eksterne omgivelser i strategilægningen i forbindelse med ændringer i virksomhedernes erhvervsbetingelser. Dette aktualiserer Strategisk Forecasting, som kan defineres som det område af erhvervsøkonomien, der omhandler studiet og anvendelsen af metoder, teorier og teknikker, som understøtter langsigtede analyser af virksomhedernes fjernmiljø i forbindelse med den strategiske iværksættelse af innovative aktiviteter. Dette paper afgrænser området i forhold til andre typer af analyser og udvikler det teoretiske grundlag bag området. Afslutningsvis specificeres udfordringerne i den fremtidige teoretiske udvikling og implikationerne for den erhvervsøkonomiske praksis i virksomhederne. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7680 Files in this item: 1
cme 2007-014.pdf (257.2Kb) -
Lyck, Lise (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The long term tendencies for the EU economic development is not particular prosperous. The reason is found in the fact that both the GDP in the EU countries in relation to the world GDP as well as the size of the EU population in relation to the world population are decreasing. This implies relatively lower incomes in the EU and a change in the average age of the population with relatively more elderly people and an increased need for public services and a relatively smaller labor force. This long term development is also distinctive for the development in the Baltic Sea Region countries. The development implies that more export to the rest of the world as well as more tourists coming from the rest of the world to the EU should be on the main EU political agenda as well as on the agenda for the Baltic Sea countries. It is simply needed if the Baltic Sea Region countries shall continue to have an economic development with economic growth. The economic and financial crisis since September 2008 has deepened the problematic situation. It was seen in the press release after the G20 meeting in June 2012. Here, tourism was mentioned for the first time by the G20 countries and it was stressed that tourism development worldwide has to be given priority, as a policy to create jobs and to create economic growth as well as a recovery policy (WTTC, 2012). Tourism in this context includes transportation, shopping, attractions and events, accommodation and meals, i.e. all elements in leisure and business tourism. EU had already given more attention to tourism by including tourism in the Lisboan Treaty, approved during 2007 and ratified in 2008. Part One of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union provides that tourism falls within those actions designed to ‘support, coordinate or supplement the actions of the Member States’, i.e. within the EU’s powers to support the Member States (Article 6(d)). The new legal basis (Article 195, Part 3) develops this concept, by stipulating that the Union shall complement the action of the Member States in the tourism sector, in particular by promoting the competitiveness of Union undertakings. There is thus no standalone European policy on tourism; instead, the EU tries to encourage a favorable framework for economic development and facilitate cooperation between Member States in that area, through the exchange of good practices. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8716 Files in this item: 1
Lise_Llyck_4.pdf (1.328Mb) -
past debates, central questions, and future research possibilitiesFoss, Nicolai Juul (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The role of transaction cost economics in developing research in strategy has been a hotly debated topic over the last decade. This paper presents the radical argument that transaction cost insights are more than merely useful complements to existing approaches to strategy. Rather, they are necessary for adequately understanding the nature of strategizing. This is because transaction costs are essential aspects of processes of creating, capturing and protecting value. If transaction costs are zero, these processes do not pose any strategic problems; strategizing is trivialized in such a world. When transaction costs are positive, on the other hand, opportunities for value creation through the reduction of inefficiencies caused by transaction costs exist, and protecting and appropriating value are costly activities that dissipate value. Also, contracting and expectations enter as central aspects of strategizing. Arguments are provided for why economizing (with transaction costs) is more fundamental than strategizing (in the sense of exploiting market power). Thus, the paper argues that models in which the fullest possible account of transaction costs is made be used as the proper foundations and benchmarks for economics-based strategy research, rather than the patched-up competitive equilibrium models that are now used, more or less implicitly, as the benchmark in important parts of strategy research, most notably in the resource-based view. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6911 Files in this item: 1
druid02-04.pdf (448.9Kb) -
Mahnke, Volker; Foss, Nicolai J. (Frederiksberg, 1998)[More information][Less information]