Browsing Department of Strategic Management and Globalization (SMG) by Title
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Juul Andersen, Torben (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Previous research found that capital structure affects performance when it is adapted to the level of environmental dynamism and pursuit of an innovation strategy. The current study reproduces some of these relationships in a more recent dataset but also identifies significant nuances across industrial environments. Analyses of a large cross sectional sample and various industry sub-samples suggest that other factors have influenced capital structure effects in recent years including flexibilities in multinational organization and effective strategic risk management capabilities. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7440 Files in this item: 1
smg wp 2005-002.pdf (601.2Kb) -
A Learning PerspectiveLyles, Marjorie A.; Pedersen, Torben; Petersen, Bent (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The study explores how firms close their knowledge gaps in relation to business environments of foreign markets. Potential determinants are derived from traditional internationalization process theory as well as more recent literature on organizational learning processes, including the concept of absorptive capacity. Building on these two literature streams a conceptual model is developed and tested on a set of primary data of Danish firms and their foreign market operations. The empirical study suggests that factors considered essential in traditional internationalization process theory, such as experiential learning, explains only a very limited part of perceived knowledge gaps. When factors pertaining to the concepts of absorptive capacity and superstitious learning are added, the explanatory power improves significantly. Apparently, our understanding of firms’ internationalization processes can be enriched by insights from organizational learning literature. Key words: Internationalization, knowledge gap, absorptive capacity, superstitious learning. JEL Codes: D21, F23, M10 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7434 Files in this item: 1
cbs forskningsindberetning smg 26.pdf (671.8Kb) -
Knudsen, Line Gry; Nielsen, Bo Bernhard (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Collaborative capability has predominantly been conceptualized and analyzed from a firm-level perspective, paying inadequate attention to the individual level mechanisms that enable this ability to develop and flourish. Utilizing the dynamic capabilities perspective, we suggest that antecedents of collaborative capabilities can be found at the organizational and individual level. Hence, this study examines the role of collaborative capability in R&D alliances with particular focus on the interplay between organizational and individual level mechanisms. We explore the development of Novozymes’ "Partnering Project” and show how individual level factors work in concert with organizational level mechanisms in creating collaborative capability. Based on the in-depth case study and a review of the extant literature, we propose a framework for explaining the multi-dimensional nature of collaborative capabilities in R&D alliances and show how firms can benefit from increased attention to the interaction between individual and organizational level issues when designing R&D alliances. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7420 Files in this item: 1
smg wp 2008-10.pdf (856.9Kb) -
Nell, Philip C.; Andersson, Ulf (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Many studies have focused on the effects of MNC subsidiaries’ external relational embeddedness. Little attention has been given to its antecedents and especially to the potential effect that the business network context might have. We try to fill this gap and attempt to explain variation among subsidiaries’ degree of relational embeddedness. Our results show a strong and robust effect of the business network context -- i.e. the network context in which the direct business relationships between the subsidiary and its partners are embedded -- on the degree of relational embeddedness. However, contrary to previous literature, we find an inverted u-shaped relationship. We discuss our findings with regard to the issue of over-embeddedness and the literature on the strength of weak versus strong ties. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8402 Files in this item: 1
Philip_Nell_SMG_WP.pdf (202.1Kb) -
Juul Andersen, Torben (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: How was CSR effectuated by Scandinavian management; does CSR make a difference/corporate relationship management drove CSR, as corporations grow and internationalize the need for CSR increases, there has been a shift towards in CSR requirements over the past decade/CSR can extend the scope of corporate risk management, corporate relationship management is good risk management, CSR can pay off in the long run. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8551 Files in this item: 1
Torben_Juul_Andersen_SMG.pdf (174.4Kb) -
An econometric study of an Italian bankGritti, Paola; Foss, Nicolai J. (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We empirically address how customer satisfaction and loyalty in the banking industry may affect profitability. This helps to identify the strategy and competencies necessary to benefit from customer relationships which are important sources for improved performance in the banking. We do this by analyzing data collected on 2,105 customers of 118 branches of one of the biggest banks of an Italian banking group. We find that customer satisfaction impacts loyalty, which in turn has a direct effect on financial and non-financial customer value/total customer value/complex customer value. Moreover, loyalty is a mediator between financial and not-financial customer value and two sources of customer satisfaction, namely relationships with the front office and the branch, on the one hand, and the products offered, on the other. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7484 Files in this item: 1
cbs forskningsindberetning smg 113.pdf (217.2Kb) -
Pedersen, Torben (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Subsidiary development is a multi-dimensional construct that cannot be captured just by looking at subsidiary roles, activities, etc. Three distinct dimensions of subsidiary development are identified and these are: scope of subsidiary (the breadth of activities), level of subsidiary competence (the depth of activities) and level of integration in the internal MNC-network. Birkinshaw and Hood (1998a) have in their seminal paper proposed a model where subsidiary development is determined by three factors: Headquarter assignment, dynamism of local business environment and subsidiary initiatives. This paper is the first to conduct a statistical test of this model on a large-sample data set including data of more than 2.100 subsidiaries located in seven different countries in Europe. The effect of the three determining factors on subsidiary development is tested simultaneously in a LISREL model. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7465 Files in this item: 1
cbs forskningsindberetning smg 40.pdf (2.251Mb) -
An Empirical StudyHeimeriks, Koen H.; Duysters, Geert; Vanhaverbeke, Wim (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper assesses the differential performance effects of learning mechanisms on the development of alliance capabilities. Prior research has suggested that different capability levels could be identified in which specific intra-firm learning mechanisms are used to enhance a firm’s alliance capability. However, empirical testing in this field is scarce and little is known as to what extent different learning mechanisms are indeed useful in advancing a firm’s alliance capability. This paper analyzes to what extent intra-firm learning mechanisms help firms develop their alliance capability. Differential learning may explain in what way firms yield superior returns from their alliances in comparison to competitors. The empirical results show that different learning mechanisms have different performance effects at different stages of the alliance capability development process. The main lesson from this paper is that firms can steer the creation and speed of their alliance capability development as different learning mechanisms have differential performance effects and are more appropriate at different levels of alliance capability. Key words: learning mechanisms, alliance capabilities and competitive heterogeneity. JEL classification: L14 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7459 Files in this item: 1
smg-wp-13-2005.pdf (603.5Kb) -
Bjørnskov, Christian; Foss, Nicolai J. (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The economics of growth has shown that countries not only grow by deploying higher levels of inputs to production, but also by better allocating whatever resources are at their disposal and by introducing productivity-enhancing innovations. We proffer arguments as to why and how entrepreneurship as well institutions of liberty (i.e., economic freedom, including the rule of law, easy regulations, low taxes and limited government interference in the economy) positively impact total factor productivity (TFP): These institutions allow entrepreneurial experimentation with the combination of factors to take place at low transaction costs. We test these ideas on a unique panel data set derived from Compendia, World Bank data and the Fraser Institute’s economic freedom data. We find that while entrepreneurship positively impacts TFP, the marginal contribution of entrepreneurship to TFP is strongest in economies with substantial government activity. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8174 Files in this item: 1
CBS Forskningsindberetning SMG 263.pdf (373.1Kb) -
An MNC Subsidiary Perspective on Knowledge OutflowsMahnke, Volker; Pedersen, Torben; Venzin, Markus (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This empirical paper explores knowledge outflow from MNC subsidiaries and its impact on the MNC performance. We develop and test hypotheses derived from literature on MNC knowledge flows integrated with the perspective of knowledge-creating, self-interested MNC subsidiaries. The hypotheses are developed using a simultaneous equation model applied to a unique dataset encompassing a German MNC, HeidelbergCement. Enablers and impediments of knowledge outflows are assessed in order to explain why subsidiaries share their knowledge with other MNC units. Implications are examined by studying the link between knowledge outflows and subsidiary performance. Our findings suggest that knowledge outflows increase a subsidiary's performance only up to a certain point and that too much knowledge sharing may be detrimental to the contributing subsidiary's performance. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7464 Files in this item: 1
cbs forskningsindberetning smg 41.pdf (3.066Mb) -
Insights for International Strategic ManagementBenito, Gabriel R.G.; Petersen, Bent; Welch, Lawrence S. (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Companies’ choice of foreign operation modes (FOM) has been a core subject of international business studies basically from its beginning (Hymer, 1960 [1976]; Root, 1964). A halfcentury of research has brought us a set of established perspectives on companies’ foreign operation mode choices; the most important being the economics based approaches of internalisation and transaction cost theories (Anderson and Gatignon, 1986; Buckley and Casson, 1976; Hennart, 1982), evolutionary and resource based approaches (Andersen, 1997; Kogut and Zander, 1993; Madhok, 1997), institutional approaches (Kostova and Zaheer, 1999; Meyer and Peng, 2005), and process models based on learning and decision behaviour theories (Johanson and Vahlne, 1977, 2009).... URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8363 Files in this item: 1
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Some Cross-Country EvidenceBjørnskov, Christian; Foss, Nicolai J. (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: While much attention has been devoted to analyzing how the institutional framework and entrepreneurship impact growth, how economic policy and institutional design affect entrepreneurship appears to be much less analyzed. We try to explain cross-country differences in the level of entrepreneurship by differences in economic policy and institutional design. Specifically, we use the measures of economic freedom to ask which elements of economic policy making and the institutional framework that are responsible for the supply of entrepreneurship (our data on entrepreneurship are derived from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor). The combination of these two datasets is unique in the literature. We find that the size of government is negatively correlated with entrepreneurial activity but that sound money is positively correlated with entrepreneurial activity. Other measures of economic freedom are not significantly correlated with entrepreneurship. JEL CODE: M13, O31, O50 KEYWORDS: Economic freedom, entrepreneurship, cross-country variation. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7475 Files in this item: 1
smg wp 2006_15 - registrering.pdf (355.8Kb) -
A model of integrative strategy making processesJuul Andersen, Torben; Bernhard Nielsen, Bo (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: There is general consensus that coordination and integration are needed to achieve efficient outcomes while distributed decision power and autonomous actions are essential to develop innovative responses. These dual requirements for operational optimization and ongoing business innovation capture the essence of organizational ambidexterity as the means to sustain performance over time when environmental conditions change. This paper incorporates strategic management and organization theoretical rationales in a model that combines elements of integration and experimentation in the strategy making process and thereby extends the evolving literature on the ambidextrous organization. The performance relationships of the ambidextrous integrative strategy making model are investigated on the basis of a cross-sectional sample of 185 business entities operating in different manufacturing industries. Results of structural equation analyses indicate that superior performance in the ambidextrous organizations is associated with efficiencies derived from adherence to centralized strategic planning and effectiveness generated by decentralized innovative behavior through participation and autonomous actions. The study enhances our understanding of ambidexterity as the result of combined strategy making processes that balance the needs for economic efficiency and organizational adaptability. Key words: Ambidexterity, Dispersed decision-making, Innovation, Participatory decision-making, Strategic planning URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7424 Files in this item: 1
2007-12.pdf (477.9Kb) -
Foss, Nicolai J.; Klein, Peter G. (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We discuss the emergence of the theory of the firm (in the Coasian sense); survey and discuss the main currents of the theo~y of the firm, and discuss what has determined the emergence of the theory of the firm. We argue that advances in the theory of the firm have been strongly influenced by conceptual innovations in (mainstream) economics in general and by the ongoing division of labour in economics in tandem with a recognition of the importance of a number of empirical anomalies The substantive borrowing from neighbouring disciplines, such as business history, law, psychology, organizational sociology and business administration has been relatively limited and ad hoc (although some scholars, notably Williamson, have made more substantive use of these disciplines than othe~s) The fact that the theory of the firm has stayed relatively close in to the (changing) economic mainstream and that its substantive borrowing from neighbouring disciplines has been relatively limited unde~lie and explain much of the "external" critique of the theory (i.e., the critiques of sociologists, heterodox economists and management scholars). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7444 Files in this item: 1
cbs forskningsindberetning smg 38.pdf (6.112Mb) -
Origins, Key Tenets and Research GapsFoss, Nicolai J.; Lyngsie, Jacob (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The field of strategic entrepreneurship is a fairly recent one. Its central idea is that opportunity-seeking and advantage-seeking—the former the central subject of the entrepreneurship field, the latter the central subject of the strategic management field— are processes that need to be considered jointly. The purpose of this brief chapter is to explain the emergence of SE theory field in terms of a response to research gaps in the neighboring fields of entrepreneurship and strategic management; describe the main tenets of SE theory; discuss its relations to neighboring fields; and finally describe some research gaps in extant theory, mainly focusing on the need to provide clear microfoundations for SE theory and link it to organizational design theory. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8249 Files in this item: 1
SMG WP 7_2011.pdf (278.0Kb) -
Grøgaard, Birgitte; Gioia, Carmine; Benito, Gabriel R.G. (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Research on companies’ internationalization has mainly focused on firm-level and country-level factors in order to explain firms’ cross-border activities. With the exception of a limited number of studies emphasizing rivalistic behavior in oligopolistic industries, industry factors have been neglected as potential determinants of companies’ internationalization. We argue that differences across industries with regard to competition level, research intensity, tangibility of the products, and the existence of clusters should influence the impetus and opportunities to internationalize. This study examines the role of such factors using data covering the internationalization patterns of the 100 largest non-financial Norwegian companies over the period 1990 to 2000. We find that industry factors contribute significantly to explaining the internationalization of these companies, and that the effects of industry factors remain strong when firm-level characteristics are taken into account. Key words: Internationalization, multinational companies, industry factors, Norway JEL classification: F21, F23, L10 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7477 Files in this item: 1
cbs forskningsindberetning smg 29.pdf (799.1Kb) -
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Origins, Attributes, CritiqueFoss, Nicolai J.; Klein, Peter G. (, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Israel Kirzner’s concept of entrepreneurship as alertness to profit opportunities is one of the most influential modern interpretations of the entrepreneurial function. Shane and Venkataraman’s (2000: 218) influential assessment defines entrepreneurship research as “the scholarly examination of how, by whom, and with what effects opportunities to create future goods and services are discovered, evaluated, and exploited.” As such, “the field involves the study of sources of opportunities; the processes of discovery, evaluation, and exploitation of opportunities; and the set of individuals who discover, evaluate, and exploit them.” Shane’s General Theory of Entrepreneurship (2003) cites Kirzner and “Kirznerian opportunities” more than any writer other than Joseph Schumpeter. More generally, the entrepreneurial opportunity, rather than the individual entrepreneur, the startup company, or the new product, has become the centerpiece of the academic study of entrepreneurship. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7755 Files in this item: 1
SMG WP 2009-02.pdf (317.2Kb) -
Moberg, Kåre (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In this book chapter I present a multidimensional entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) scale. The scale builds on three established ESE-scales, but the reliability of it is improved compared to the original three scales as the highly discipline-specific jargon is transformed to a more neutral wording of the items. The scale has been tested in a large scale survey including 445 students from twelve different programmes at three universities in Denmark and one university in Sweden. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) has been applied in order to investigate the multidimensionality of the items in the scale, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) has been applied to investigate its convergent, discriminatory and nomological validity. The results demonstrate support for a multidimensional ESE-scale with high predictive validity regarding entrepreneurial behaviours and with high reliability as the items are comprehensible to respondents, regardless if they have entrepreneurial experience or not. The scale can thus be used in programme evaluations that include control groups or other type of individuals that lack entrepreneurial experience. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8565 Files in this item: 1
Moberg_SMGWP2012_6.pdf (855.5Kb) -
From opportunity discovery to judgmentFoss, Nicolai J.; Klein, Peter G. (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Entrepreneurship has become a fast-growing subfield in management research, and is increasingly appearing in economics, finance, and even law. We survey a number of approaches to entrepreneurship in the economics and management literatures, and argue that modern research in this area need to be focused around ideas from Austrian economics and Frank Knight on entrepreneurial judgment. We critically discuss the recent opportunity discovery literature in management, and argue that it has partially misunderstood the Austrian origins of the theory, and fails to ade-quately distinguish between opportunity identification and opportunity exploitation. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7485 Files in this item: 1
smg wp 2008-05.pdf (347.1Kb)