Browsing Department of Business and Politics (DBP) by Title
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Pedersen, Ove K. (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: I århundreder har formuestand sat grænser for normalsubjektivitet. Fra 1500-tallet var alle besiddelsesløse frataget retten til at råde over egen arbejdsevne uanset køn og alder. Deres personlige myndighed omfattede alene pligten til at indgå i et arbejdsforhold; ikke retten til at lade være. I århundreder blev de pålagt at finde arbejde; og hvis de ikke kunne eller ikke ville, blev de straffet, spærret inde, sat i tvangsarbejde. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7359 Files in this item: 1
wp cbp 2008-52.pdf (189.5Kb) -
Pedersen, Ove K. (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Bønder med fæste og tyende i hus var ikke løsgængere. De var heller ikke privilegerede. De var i arbejde”; men havde ingen formue, var ikke født til stands eller rang og udgjorde således en gruppe mellem løsgængere og de privilegerede. Det samme gjorde håndværkersvende og lærlinge i forhold til mestre og borgere og næringsdrivende kvinder i forhold til andre kvinder. Gennemgangen af landboforholdet indebærer et skift i perspektiv i forhold til gennemgangen af de besiddelsesløse. I stedet for arbejdspligtens arkæologi, skal jeg nu give et rids over hvilke forpligtigelser bonde og husmand, tyende og tjener blev pålagt ved fæste, stavnsbinding eller på anden vis. Perspektivet skifter til, hvilke rettigheder de privilegerede havde over deres bonde og husmand; og derigennem hvilke begrænsninger disse rettigheder satte på bondens og husmandens personlige myndighed og retlige evner, men også hvilke former og grader for myndighed bonde og husmand opnåede i forhold til adel og proprietær. Jeg beskriver de besiddelsesløses situation i arbejde”, i modsætning til de besiddelsesløses situation uden arbejde”. Det er stadig arbejdsevnen, eller evnen til at påtage sig arbejde og retten til at lade være, der står i centrum. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7375 Files in this item: 1
wp cbp 2008-53.pdf (132.8Kb) -
Pedersen, Ove K. (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Også i byen var standssamfundet struktureret ved hjælp af privilegier; ligesom forholdet mellem by og land var det. Købstaden havde eneret på handel og næring; kun købmænd måtte drive handel; kun håndværkere måtte drive håndværk; og ingen undtagen byens borgere måtte udøve håndværk eller afsætte håndværksprodukter inden for byens grænser. Håndværkere fra byen måtte ikke drive håndværk på landet; håndværkere fra landet måtte ikke arbejde for byerne. Indenfor byen var håndværkernes arbejdsevne bestemt af laugens privilegium på næring. Både adel og borger var således indplaceret i et symmetrisk forhold, ligesom bonde og håndværkersvend, og husmand og håndværkerdreng. Den ene stands privilegier satte grænser for den næste. De vigtigste forskelle var mellem by og land, og her indenfor mellem borger og ikke-borger. Sammen med forskellene mellem de besiddelsesløse og de privilegerede, og adel og bonde udgjorde forskellen mellem by land samt borger og ikke-borger grundstrukturen i den absolutistiske regulering. De privilegerede havde for-rettigheder i forhold til stand eller formue og i forhold til om de boede på land eller i by. Købstadsprivilegiet var oprindeligt naturgroet; senere blev det delegeret af kongen som privilegium; det var både før-moderne og tidligt-moderne. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7366 Files in this item: 1
wp cbp 2008-54.pdf (248.8Kb) -
Pedersen, Ove K. (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Dette udgør kapitel 1, afsnit 5 i manuskript om Arbejdets Institutionelle Historie. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7336 Files in this item: 1
wp cbp 2008-55.pdf (61.92Kb) -
Pedersen, Ove K. (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Diskursanalysen har afdækket den juridiske diskurs; dens form, forestillinger og idealer. Analysen har også vist, at den juridiske diskurs udgør en kontekst for rationel handling og dermed et sæt af betingelser for, hvordan diskursen kan sættes i tale og i værk. Som sådan udgør diskursen både en ontologi og en epistemologi. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7367 Files in this item: 1
wp cbp 2008-56.pdf (119.7Kb) -
Pedersen, Ove K. (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Hvad vi nu skal følge er et drama. Gennem menneskelige lidelser og politiske konflikter er der skabt en ny forestilling om individ og stat. Dette kapitel viser, hvilken form denne opfattelse får og hvordan den kommer til udtryk, dvs. hvor og hvordan vi kan konstatere, at en ny statsform er blevet til. Desværre må jeg skuffe de, som er tilhængere af dramaets social-historiske beskrivelse. Dette er ikke historien om, hvorfor og hvorledes en statsopfattelse blev kæmpet igennem. Mit formål er mere begrænset og slet ikke egnet til social-historisk beskrivelse. Desværre må jeg også skuffe de, der er tilhængere af at beskrive den ny stats tilblivelse gennem kampen for en demokratisk styreform. Jeg har ikke til sinds at beskrive kampen mod enevoldsmagten og for det konstitutionelle demokrati og dets menneskerettigheder. Også her er mit formål mere begrænset. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7357 Files in this item: 1
wp cbp 2008-57.pdf (89.49Kb) -
Pedersen, Ove K. (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Kollektive overenskomster er i dag en selvfølge. Sådan har det selvsagt ikke altid været. Den kollektive overenskomst indebærer forandringer i forhold til den individuelle arbejdslejeaftale. Kampen om retten til at organisere arbejdere med det formål at indgå kollektive overenskomster var langvarig. Til tider kostede den menneskelige lidelser og afsavn. Fra 1862 til midten af 1870`erne gjaldt der en tilnærmelsesvis liberalisme i forholdet mellem mester og svend. De ordnede og bandt sig uden mellemmænd og uden indblanding. Det var først fra 1880`erne at et antal arbejdsgivere begyndte at acceptere kollektive overenskomster og paritetisk voldgift. Overenskomster blev indgået mellem den enkelte arbejdsgiver på den ene side og arbejdere organiseret i faglig forening på den anden. Arbejdernes organisationer anvendte den såkaldte "omgangsskrue”. Én efter én blev arbejdsgivere i et lokalt område udsat for arbejdsvægring for at tvinge dem til at indgå kollektiv overenskomst. Arbejdsgiverne svarede igen med lock out. I begyndelsen af 1899 kom det til "den store styrkeprøve”. Kampen brød ud da snedkersvende i syv jyske byer nægtede at godkende deres overenskomst. I begyndelsen af maj udelukkede arbejdsgiverne snedkersvende i hele landet. Den 24. maj optrappede arbejdsgiverne konflikten og udelukkede arbejdere fra 11 byggefag og i jernindustrien. I alt 40.000 arbejdere var omfattet. Efter fem måneders konflikt og 3 millioner tabte arbejdsdage blev Septemberforliget indgået. Det skete den 5. september 1899. Aftalen blev underskrevet af de to nydannede hovedorganisationer De Samvirkende Fagforbund (DSF) og Danmarks Arbejdsgiver- og Mesterforening (DM). Kort efter blev den godkendt af kompetente forsamlinger i begge organisationer. Herved var den individuelle arbejdsaftale blevet normaliseret. Den var ikke mere et ideal, men accepteret og respekteret af begge hovedorganisationer som det normative og det normale grundlag for den kollektive overenskomst. Den var blevet til en norm. Et arbejdsmarked var under dannelse. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7339 Files in this item: 1
wp cbp 2008-58.pdf (198.1Kb) -
On the Operational Dynamics and Social Dimensions of Public-Private PartnershipsWeihe, Guri (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Drawing upon extant alliance literature, this article substantiates the argument that we need to look beyond mere structural and formative aspects of cooperation in order to fully understand the performance antecedents of public-private partnerships. Currently, scholarly work on operational processes and behavioural dimensions is practically non-existent. This article tries to remedy the current gap in the literature by reviewing research findings on interfirm collaboration (alliances). On that basis a conceptual framework for analyzing partnership processes is developed. Finally, the antecedents of collaborative advantage are theoretically examined, and the organizational competences contributing to collaborative success are identified. The conclusion is that operational processes and social dynamics are vital drivers of collaborative advantage. Another significant conclusion is that public management research can benefit from drawing upon existing alliance research. Alliance scholars have during the past couple of decades accumulated an impressive amount of knowledge on different aspects of inter-firm cooperation, and therefore the learning potential for public management scholars seems to be quite enormous. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7380 Files in this item: 1
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Om analysen af den økonomisk-politiske integration i EUNedergaard, Peter (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Artiklen diskuterer anvendelige teorier for analysen af den økonomisk-politiske integration i EU’s politiske system, som i dag er langt den vigtigste reguleringsramme om virksomhederne i EU. I den forbindelse foreslår artiklen en såkaldt socialkonstruktivistisk rational choice-teori, hvor socialkonstruktivismen tager sig af de ændrede politiske præferencer og rational choice-teorien sig af de langt mere konstante politiske institutioner. Den foreslåede teori anvendes til forklaring af de politiske resultater af tre vigtige reformer af EU’s landbrugspolitik i 1984, 1992 og 2003. Den viser sig i stand til både at forklare indarbejdelsen af mere postmoderne præferencer i reformerne og at det er de svagt organiserede grupper som forbrugerne og (i stigende grad) skatteyderne, der betaler regningen for EU’s landbrugspolitik uanset, hvordan den reformeres. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7354 Files in this item: 1
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Greve, Carsten (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper consists of Carsten Greve’s inaugrial lecture as new professor with special responsibilities for the areas public-private relationships and public management. First, the talk gives a view of how public-private partnerships have been defined in the literature. Then the talk focuses on the business of PPPs, including the way markets develop and are structured. The talk moves on to focus on the politics of PPPs, including the political processes in forming a policy on PPPs. The talk then discusses the interrelationship between business and politics within a political economy framework and institutional theory. The talk ends by considering the international perspective and the comparative research agenda. The conclusions highlight the research challenges for the future which include examining the stability and change in the use of market mechanisms in the delivery of public services in a historical-institutional perspective. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7347 Files in this item: 1
wp38_intl_ppp.pdf (194.4Kb) -
Policy Change in the Bank for International SettlementsSeabrooke, Leonard (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) is the premiere international institution for the regulation of the world’s financial system. Originally established to handle German reparations payments, the BIS’s contemporary role is to provide global standards for prudential bank regulation and to facilitate information sharing among a range of state and non-state actors. While privately incorporated and underwritten by its member central banks, the BIS is fundamentally a service provider with quasi-non-governmental organization, ‘quango’, status. This paper traces the evolution of this unique international quango, stressing the development of the Basle Accords of 1988 and 2004, and how the BIS uses informal and formal networks of elite policymakers to create a normative consensus that compensates for its lack of formal enforcement mechanisms. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7370 Files in this item: 1
intl_quango_policy_change11.pdf (100.5Kb) -
Context and ContentKjær, Peter (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Over the last three decades, business news has become an area of growth in most industrialized countries. This report, which is part of a Nordic research project on the rise of the business press, describes how the field of business news production has evolved in Denmark. Based on a large quantitative analysis of news content in two Danish dailies, "Berlingske Tidende" and "Børsen", the report first shows how a market for business news has developed, and then shows how the volume of business news has expanded and the content features and formats of business news have changed with the development of the field. The analysis suggests that with the expansion of business news a dual process of professionalization and popularization of business journalism has occurred. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7344 Files in this item: 1
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Three Fevers and Two Tonics from Historical SociologySeabrooke, Leonard (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Much of the literature in political economy seeks to capture an essential insight into the evolution of political and economic systems to provide a foundation for policy advice. This article suggests that attempts to nut out the kernels of change often restrict rather than expand policy imagination. Three "fevers" are identified as involved in the narrowing of policy imagination and two "tonics" are offered to widen it. The three fevers are: 1. viewing the present as natural; 2. seeing history as overtly path dependent; and 3. viewing history as driven by "Great Men". These fevers limit our capacity to see political, social, and economic changes that do not conform to conventional theories, as well as distorting our understanding of how the contemporary world works. What policymakers want, more than prediction or recitation of conventional theories, is context to understand how policy can be implemented. Historical sociology provides a way to generate information about contextual constellations through two "tonics": intentional rationality and social mechanisms. With the assistance of these tonics, historical sociology widens political economy's policy imagination. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7327 Files in this item: 1
wp36_historical_sociology_ls.pdf (103.8Kb) -
1960-2000Grafström, Maria (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7373 Files in this item: 1
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Security sector reform in Sierra LeoneAlbrecht, Peter Alexander (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The thesis argues that security sector reform (SSR) has failed according to its own ambition of establishing a ‘centrally governed state’. A primary reason for this failure is found in the concept of authority that state-building projects and much of the academic work that underpins it. Since the late 1990s, internationally supported efforts to make and consolidate peace in Sierra Leone have been synonymous with SSR. Support was given by the United Kingdom (UK) in particular to contain and ultimately overhaul the armed forces, which staged two coups in 1992 and 1997. Support was also provided to the central government to institute national security coordination and intelligence organizations, and to reestablish the Sierra Leone Police (SLP). The collapsed, but internationally recognized state was to be rebuilt, and security was seen as not only a prerequisite for this process to begin, but its very foundation. The first question of the thesis revolves around why the western universalist state concept came to guide SSR in Sierra Leone, and why it was considered of such fundamental importance to stability internationally. The second question revolves around how to conceptualize authority when actors such as paramount and lesser chiefs that may neither be categorized as state nor non-state are the primary makers of order in rural areas of the country. Speaking of the weakness or failure of a state is a way of describing what it is not, namely a centrally governed set of institutions that is able to make order within the territorial space that defines it. A focus on the state as an analytical concept does not, however, tell us much about how order is then made, and by whom it is made in Sierra Leone. The thesis rethinks what authority is in a way that does not privilege ‘the state’ as an analytical category, a tendency that has dominated much policy and academic thinking. The thesis’ empirical basis of doing so is data relating to international policy-making processes, interviews among the key actors of Sierra Leone’s SSR process, and ethnographic fieldwork in Peyima, a small diamond mining town in Kamara Chiefdom, Kono District. In a view of authority tied to ‘the state’ lies the conceptualization of a political entity, a bordered power container, which stands above, is detached from, and at the same time encompasses, controls and regulates society. In UK support of Sierra Leone’s statebuilding efforts, the practices of traditional leaders and their productive effects in the justice and security field, and enforcing order, were acknowledged. However, failure to respond adequately to their central role in governing Sierra Leone’s countryside came in two ways, both of which are related to concepts of the western universalist state that continue to guide SSR. The first failure was embedded in misrecognizing the resilience and productivity of local actors and institutions, and their authority to appropriate, interpret, translate and above all shape the elements of what was offered through SSR. The second failure came in not recognizing the hybrid nature of all actors in the justice and security field, based on the fact that they draw authority to act within the field from numerous sources across physical and symbolic space, in local and national domains. Hybridity is integral to state formation in Sierra Leone. It is foundational, and is historically grounded in the colonial era, articulating an infinite mixture of various forms of authority (from state legislation to status of autochthony and secret society membership). Inevitably, this order was reproduced by SSR, even if the aim of the international actors who supported this process of change had been to eradicate it. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8549 Files in this item: 1
Peter_Alexander_Albrecht.pdf (8.787Mb) -
Pedersen, Ove K. (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: I 1980`erne startede et reformarbejde, der stadig pågår. Intet viser mere slående hvor langt dette er kommet, end det forhold, at hvor bureaukratiet tidligere blev set som en byrde for borgeren, tales der nu om bureaukrati som en byrde for den offentlige medarbejder. I det følgende skal jeg beskrive den ny bureaukratiske model som gradvist er vokset frem siden 1980`erne og hvis konsekvenser vi hver dag bliver mindet om, når offentligt ansatte kritiserer modellen for at have negative konsekvenser både for effektiviteten i deres indsats og for kvaliteten af deres arbejde. Jeg skal argumentere for fire vigtige pointer: 1 – Den offentlige sektor er i dag organiseret anderledes end tidligere. En ny bureaukratisk model er sat igennem, hvilket bl.a. viser sig derved at medarbejderne klager over kontrol og styring og regeringen svarer igen med en reform for afbureaukratisering af dokumentationssystemet. 2 – Den nye organisation er flydende frem for fast. Den indebærer at det kommunale selvstyre flyder fra lov til lov og fra den ene kommunaløkonomiske aftale til den anden. Hvor tidligere organisationsformer indebar en vis stabilitet i udstrækningen af det kommunale selvstyre, i driftsansvar og i hvilke velfærdsydelser borgeren havde krav på, er den nuværende mindre stabil, indrettet til konstant forandring. 3 – Den nye organisation bygger på fire principper, der er gensidigt i modsætning til hinanden, hvilket fremprovokerer interessekonflikter mellem regering og personaleorganisationer og mellem ledelse og frontmedarbejdere. 4 – Interessekonflikterne har ført til politisering af det forvaltningspolitiske reformarbejde. Og til at de traditionelle grænser mellem overenskomstsystem (forhandlinger og konflikt om løn og arbejdsbetingelser) og forvaltningspolitiske reformer er under ændring. De to integreres, og begge politiseres. Artiklen er disponeret således. I det første kapitel skelner jeg mellem bureaukrati (som noget nødvendigt) og bureaukratisme (som noget uønsket). Jeg præsenterer tre historiske former for bureaukrati (og bureaukratisme) for at fremhæve nutidens. I kapitel 2 beskrives de fire principper bag nutidens organisering af den offentlige sektor. Det sker med det formål at påvise hvordan flere af disse er i modsætning til hinanden og fremprovokerer interessekonflikter. Kapitel tre analyserer hvordan kvalitetsreformen viderefører og udbreder de fire principper og styrker interessekonflikterne. Endelig – i kapitel fire – summes der op og fremtidens minefelt aftegnes. Først må vi dog lige afklare, hvad der tales om. Derfor følger nogle begrebsforskelle og en typologi over former for bureaukrati (og bureaukratisme). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7350 Files in this item: 1
wp cbp 2008-46.pdf (249.5Kb) -
The European Commission; The Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC); INGINEUS; Department of Business and Politics; DBP; Department of Business and Politics; DBP (, 2011)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8637 Files in this item: 2
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What Would it Mean to be an Artisan of Finance?Thompson, Grahame (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper confronts the question of what a revitalized financial sector might look like if this were to be reconfigured so as to reproduce first an artisanal like persona for the financial analyst and craft like organizational structure for financial businesses, and secondly if this were to be re-territorialized so that it acted like a partisan rather than, as at present, like a disembedded footloose structure of ‘global finance’. Initially the analysis is pitched at a rather abstract and theoretical level – pulling together artisans, nomads and partisans and tracing their intellectual lineages. But the chapter ends with three very concrete illustrations of actual financial relations in practice that meet some of the criteria for being both artisanal and partisanal. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8458 Files in this item: 1
Grahame_Thompson.pdf (1.310Mb) -
The International Monetary Fund and Policy Reform Surveillance in Small Open EconomiesSeabrooke, Leonard; Broome, André (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The International Monetary Fund spends most of its time monitoring its member states' economic performance and advising on institutional change. While much of the literature sees the Fund as a policy enforcer in "emerging market" and "frontier" economies, little attention has been paid to exploring the Fund’s bilateral surveillance of its Western member states. This article proposes that "seeing like the IMF" provides a dynamic view of how the Fund frames its advice for institutional change. It does so through "associational templates" that do not blindly promote institutional convergence, but appeal for change on the basis of like-characteristics among economies. Many Western states, particularly small open economies, consider the Fund's advice as important not only for technical know-how, but because Fund assessments are significant to international and domestic political audiences. This article traces the Fund's advice on taxation and monetary reform to two coordinated market economies, Denmark and Sweden, and two liberal market economies, Australia and New Zealand from 1975 to 2004. It maps how the Fund advocated "policy revolutions" and "policy recombinations" during this period, advice that coincided with important institutional changes within these small open economies. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7323 Files in this item: 1
wp37_imf_denmark_ls.pdf (203.9Kb)