Browsing Department of Business and Politics (DBP) by Title
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Lessons from Special Education in FinlandSabel, Charles; Saxenian, AnnaLee; Miettinen, Reijo; Hull Kristensen, Peer; Hautamäki, Jarkko (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8206 Files in this item: 1
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The Case of the Executive Master of Public Governance Program in Copenhagen, Denmark: A co-operation between University of Copenhagen and Copenhagen Business SchoolGreve, Carsten (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper gives an introduction to the Executive Master of Public Governance degree program in Copenhagen, Denmark – a joint effort by University of Copenhagen and Copenhagen Business School aided by Aalborg University. The degree program itself began its first intake of executive students in August 2009. The average age of participants is 45 years. By the summer of 2011, the Copenhagen MPG program had enrolled 500+ public managers from Denmark as executive master students. In order to understand the context of the program, the paper gives an introduction to the background of the establishment of the program which was a result of a government reform – the Quality Reform – agreed and also funded partly by the Danish Parliament in 2008. The second part of the paper describes the organization and purpose of the program. The third part presents the content of the degree program. The paper ends by pointing to some preliminary lessons learned and future directions for the program. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8571 Files in this item: 1
Greve_2011_a.pdf (170.8Kb) -
Pedersen, Ove K. (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In recent years, the concept of international competitiveness has (re)emerged as a paradigm in public discourse. In this paper I introduce the concept of institutional competitiveness to show how the concept of international competition has been reformulated as part of a political project for initiating economic globalization. It is my intention to show how the concept of institutional competitiveness (CIC) has raised to become important in the last 25 years, moving from a simple conversation among academics into a political discussion with real-world effects. The purpose of the paper is to describe the rise and movement into the realm of practice. The purpose is also to show how the voyage has come to include institutional change as an important policy instrument and the use of institutional analysis as a key utensil for policy makers. It is my claim that discourses and institutions are used with the intention to enhance the competitiveness of nations and enterprises; why discourses and institutions have become a political phenomenon of interest and salience for policy makers and decision takers. It is also my claim that knowledge of institutions is applied to explain economic growth and to assess the potential relevance of institutional reforms; why interpretations of institutions has been become a policy tool for the implementation of globalisation. It is this dual role of discourses and institutions I describe in the following. The whole debate on the CIC will be looked upon as an example of how institutions (as a political phenomenon) and institutional analysis (as a policy tool) have become part of a policy approach. Two caveats are necessary. It is not my ambition to describe the conflicts of interests and the accidents of history involved in moving the process from dawn to mid-day. Neither is it my ambition to explain why the travel has happened in the first place. Even if the process is engulfed in conflicts – at several levels and including multiple interests – I will NOT identify these, nor describe them. The purpose of the paper is only to describe not to explain. The paper will be organised as follows. First, I describe how the concept of national and institutional competitiveness is discussed. In order to describe how the concept of competitiveness has been redefined over the past 20-25 years I include literature from economic theory and business analysis (Aiginger 2006b; Siggel 2006). It is in this context that the concept of Institutional Competitiveness is introduced. Second, I trace the institutionalization of the discussion into expert systems. Two examples will be emphasized. One is the development of "The post-Washington consensus” another is The Open Method of Coordination within the EU. The presentation is based on a reading of policy papers, reports and other primary sources from international organizations and national governments. Third, I point to how the institutionalization has included a number of welfare reforms and ignited a process towards the transformation of national welfare states. I draw on primary and secondary literature in presenting the concept of competition state (Cerny 1990, 2007; Stopford et al 1991; Jessop 1994, 2003; Hirsch 1995; but also Rosecranze 1999; Bobbit 2002; Weiss 2003). Fourth, and finally, I emphasize how state-society relations have been changed. The concept of competitive corporatism (Rhodes 1998; Molina & Rhodes 2002) is employed. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7356 Files in this item: 1
wp cbp 2008-47.pdf (174.2Kb) -
Lund, Anker Brink (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This inaugural address is a welcome opportunity to call your attention to a new area of research that the International Center for Business and Politics has chosen as one of five areas of special interest. By referring to this area of focus as"institutional competition in the media market" we also signal an approach that will be free of much of the traditional dogma in Danish media research: First of all, we will consider the media as a market for opinion, goods and services – not primarily as a cultural discourse with a singular focus on public service. Secondly, we consider media activity from a social science / leadership perspective – not from the perspective of a journalist or from the ideologically critical perspective of the license payer. Thirdly, we consider competition in the media market as an institutional phenomenon that is not solely conditioned by economic considerations. We aim to find a third way between economic determinism and the optimism of political regulation. The media enterprise as institutionalized practice is, from our perspective, placed at the intersection of the marketplace and politics. We recognize that the daily press, radio and television in Denmark have emerged from a tradition based upon ideals of freedom of expression, democracy and the enlightenment of the general public. At the same time we stress the fact that the media worldwide is Big Business – and that this reality has an increasing effect on Danish competitiveness and business development in general. Not only as a channel for opinion, but as a political actor and a potential business locomotive in the so-called culture- and experience-economy. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7345 Files in this item: 1
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Denmark and the United StatesCampbell, John L.; Pedersen, Ove K. (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Despite high taxes, a large state budget and welfare state, much economic regulation, and a very open economy, Denmark continues to compete successfully against the other advanced capitalist economies. Hence, Denmark presents a paradox for neoliberalism, which predicts that these policies will hurt national competitiveness under conditions of economic globalization. Following the varieties of capitalism literature, this paper argues that Denmark’s success has been based in large part on its institutional competitiveness–its capacity to achieve socioeconomic success as a result of the competitive advantages that firms derive from operating within a particular set of political and economic institutions. The institutional basis for successfully coordinating labor markets, vocational training and skill formation programs, and industrial policy are examined for Denmark and the United States—two countries that are very different institutionally. The analysis shows that there is no one best way to achieve success in today’s global economy, except perhaps for reducing socioeconomic inequality; that the type of capitalism known as coordinated market economies are oversimplified in the literature; and that high taxes, state spending, and economic regulation can actually enhance socioeconomic performance. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7329 Files in this item: 1
institutional_comp_21.pdf (251.6Kb) -
Tiltrædelsesforelæsning 18.3.2005Lund, Anker Brink (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Jeg har valgt at benytte denne anledning til at introducere et nyt forskningsfelt, som CBS International Center for Business and Politics har prioriteret som et af sine fem indsatsområder. Vi kalder det "institutionel konkurrence på mediemarkedet" og signalerer derved nogle frontale opgør med traditionelle dogmer i dansk medieforskning: For det første ser vi medierne som et marked for meninger, varer og tjenesteydelser – ikke primært som en kulturel offentlighed med ensidig fokus på public service. For det andet betragter vi medievirksomhed i et samfundsvidenskabeligt ledelsesperspektiv – ikke primært i et journalistisk medarbejderperspektiv eller et ideologikritisk licensbetalerperspektiv.For det tredje betragter vi konkurrencen på mediemarkedet som et institutionelt fænomen – ikke alene som noget driftsøkonomisk betinget. Vi forsøger kort sagt at finde en tredje vej mellem økonomisk determinisme og politisk reguleringsoptimisme. Derved placeres medievirksomhed som en institutionaliseret praksis i skæringspunktet mellem marked og politik. Vi anerkender, at dagspresse, radio og tv i Danmark er vokset ud af en publicistisk tradition med vægt på idealer om ytringsfrihed, demokrati og folkeoplysning. Men vi understreger samtidig, at medievirksomheden world-wide er big business – og at det får stadig større betydning for dansk konkurrenceevne og erhvervsudvikling mere alment. Ikke kun som kanal for andres meninger, men som en politisk aktør og et potentielt erhvervslokomotiv i den såkaldte oplevelsesøkonomi. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7368 Files in this item: 1
institutionel_konkurrenceevne-1.pdf (524.6Kb) -
Institutionelt brud i den offentlige moderniseringspolitik? OPP og udlicitering i de danske kommunerHelby Petersen, Ole; Ring Christensen, Lasse (, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Vi stiller os i dette paper kritisk spørgende til det nye i OPP og søger at belyse, om OPP markerer et institutionelt brud med det i dansk moderniseringspolitik velkendte begreb udlicitering. Vi giver svar gennem to del-analyser. Først sammenlignes nøgletal for danske kommuners brug af udlicitering og arbejde med OPP-modellen. Analysen viser, at OPP-arbejdet overvejende foregår i større kommuner med en gennemsnitlig økonomi og en ideologisk sammensætning på borgmesterposterne på linje med gennemsnittet i landets kommuner. Hvorimod kommuner med højt udliciteringsniveau oftest ledes af borgerlige borgmestre, så er OPP-kommunerne økonomisk og ideologisk på linje med gennemsnittet af landets kommuner. I anden delanalyse kigger vi på reguleringsrammen for brug af henholdsvis OPP og udlicitering. Det kommunale selvstyre og de årlige kommuneaftaler fungerer som en institutionel ramme omkring de reguleringstiltag, som regeringen har mulighed for at anvende. Fælles for reguleringen af kommunernes udlicitering og OPP ligger et bærende princip om metodefrihed i opgaveløsningen. Hvor grænserne for metodefriheden går, er dog ikke en fastlåst størrelse, men genstand for løbende forhandling mellem det statslige og kommunale niveau. Vi konkluderer, at OPP på centrale parametre ikke blot er en forlængelse af udlicitering, men en selvstændig og bemærkelsesværdig kontraktmodel, som er ved at institutionaliseres i de danske kommuner. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7788 Files in this item: 1
WP CBP 2009-63.pdf (128.2Kb) -
Pedersen, Ove K. (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper examines the influence of European integration on the relationship between state administration and private interests in the four Nordic countries – Sweden, Denmark, Norway and Finland. By private interests I mean interest organizations, private corporations and independent experts. The paper focuses exclusively on the national policy processes that are involved with managing European Union (EU) issues. More specifically, this paper discusses two aspects of multi-level governance. First is the important role of private interests in the coordination of decision making at the national level preceding their government’s representation of national interests in the European Council of Ministers and other EU organizations. Second is the effect of all this on national democratic systems. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7346 Files in this item: 1
eu_integration2.pdf (180.0Kb) -
Campbell, John L.; Pedersen, Ove K. (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Comparative political economy has been dominated since the 1970s by two waves of research. The first one examined how different types of policy-making regimes affect policy making and, in turn, national economic competitiveness (e.g., Katzenstein 1978). The second one studied how different types of production regimes affect national competitiveness (e.g., Hall and Soskice 2001). Absent from all of this is much discussion about knowledge regimes. Knowledge regimes are sets of actors, organizations, and institutions that produce and disseminate policy ideas that affect how policy-making and production regimes are organized and operate in the first place. Knowledge regimes are important because they contribute data, research, theories, policy recommendations, and other ideas that influence public policy and, thus, national economic competitiveness (Baab 2001; Campbell 1998; Pedersen 2006). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7352 Files in this item: 1
wp cbp 2008-48.pdf (176.0Kb) -
Campbelle, John L.; Pedersen, Ove K. (, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper develops the concept of knowledge regime and shows how knowledge regimes vary across the two most basic varieties of capitalism: liberal and coordinated market economies. The key questions motivating this paper are whether there are different types of knowledge regimes associated with different varieties of capitalism during the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries; how they generate policy ideas; and how they disseminate these ideas to policy makers. Hence, this paper begins to fill an important blind spot in the comparative political economy and varieties of capitalism literatures. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7911 Files in this item: 1
WP CBP 2005-20.pdf (85.38Kb) -
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Lundquist, Lita (Frederiksberg, 1990)[More information][Less information]
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Seabrooke, Leonard (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Who drives domestic institutional change in the face of international economic crisis? For rationalists the answer is powerful self-interested actors who struggle for material gains during an exogenously generated crisis. For economic constructivists it is ideational entrepreneurs who use ideas as weapons to establish paths for institutional change during crisis-driven uncertainty. Both approaches are elite-centric and conceive legitimacy as established by command or proclamation. This article establishes why domestic institutional change in response to international economic constraints must be legitimated by non-elites and how their everyday actions alter policy paths established in crisis. This is illustrated by re-examining a case frequently associated with punctuated equilibrium theories of crisis and institutional change: interwar Britain. In contrast to conventional explanations, I argue that the "legitimacy gap" between elite and broader public understandings about how the economy should work informed institutional experimentation during the 1920s and 1930s and fertilized the "Keynesian Revolution" of the 1940s. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7381 Files in this item: 1
legitimacy_gaps_british_eco_no14.pdf (211.7Kb) -
A Politico-Economic ModelNedergaard, Peter (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In this paper technical standardisation is understood and explained in a model where economic analysis is coupled with an analysis of the political system as proposed in rational choice theory. The aim is to answer both the question why various countries (e.g. the United States versus European countries) let either the market or public intervention determine the mode of technical standardisation and the possible implications of these two ways of organizing technical standardisation from an economic and a political point of view. Based upon the analysis of the paper a couple of general policy recommendations are made concerning the mode of technical standardisation. Keywords: Rational choice, market failures, technical standards, standardisation, government failures. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7371 Files in this item: 1
wp39_intl_ppp.pdf (175.3Kb) -
Expatriates´ Identity Work in Reverse Knowledge TransferFeldt, Liv Egholm (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In the last decade, researchers have shown that MNCs need to reverse knowledge transfer to secure their competitiveness in the global market. Lately this has been studied through re/expatriates. This study presents two exemplary cases from a study of 64 interviews conducted in 5 of the largest Danish MNCs. The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, to understand the role identity work plays in the ability and willingness of expatriates to learn and transfer knowledge. Second, to introduce Life Course Theory as an important methodological contribution with which to capture the entangled relationship between agency and structure within reverse knowledge transfer. Third, to develop and extend the current theoretical and methodological frame that govern the research of knowledge transfer. The present study indicates that institutionally generated organisational frames and work organising practices develop and feed certain power structures and communities, which influence the possibility of agency and as a result reverse knowledge transfer. The findings of this study stress that: 1) power is as an important productive force in identity work: consequently, it has the ability both to hinder and spur the processes of transformative learning and reverse knowledge transfer; 2) reverse knowledge transfer can be hindered by the lack of transformative learning in the single individual. The empirical material in this paper has been collected in the research project ”Cultural Intelligence as a Strategic Resource”. The project was funded by the Danish Strategic Research Council and conducted by Lisbeth Clausen, Liv Egholm Feldt, Martine Cardel Gertsen, Anne-Marie Søderberg, Verner Worm and Mette Zølner, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark. The research team have had privileged access to five of the largest Danish MNCs. While the collection of material has in general been carried out by the research team, Liv Egholm Feldt is the only person responsible for the analysis, reflections and perspectives presented in this paper. To secure the anonymity of the interviewees, fictitious names have been used. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8436 Files in this item: 1
Liv_Egeholm_Feldt.pdf (631.3Kb) -
A Route to a New Negotiating Order in High Performance Work Organizations?Hull Kristensen, Peer (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Contrary to a widely held view, rather than seeing the certification of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) as a barrier to increasing employee participation, this article views new ways of structuring participation as a necessary step towards making improvements in OHS management systems. The article first considers how work organization has changed and then in a similar way traces how bargaining has shifted from being distributive to become integrative to create a fundamental change in the negotiation regime. Finally, by analysing an OHS-certified firm in greater depth, the article shows how solutions for improvements in OHS management and notable bottom-up formulations of OHS benchmarks may help us discover how the organizational form of firms in which high-performance work organization can be developed through new participative structures. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8204 Files in this item: 1
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Lessons to be learned from the "hidden” committees of the Nordic Council of MinistersNedergaard, Peter (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In spite of their long history and extensive activities, the international committees of the Nordic Council of Ministers have not hitherto been subject to scholarly examination. This paper demonstrates that valuable lessons can be learned about policy learning in practise and theoretically by analysing the cooperation in the committees of the Nordic Council of Ministers. Using the Advocacy Coalition Framework as the starting point, fifteen hypotheses on policy learning are tested. Among other things, it is concluded that in order to maximise policy learning in international committees, committees should avoid fragmentation into coalitions, be open to public opinion, participants in committees should be driven by a sense of purpose rather that material interest, empirical data should be made available to committees, a neutral presidency should be present in order to act as an authoritative persuader, and neutral scientists should participate, although not necessarily scientists from consultancy firms. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7353 Files in this item: 1
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Seabrooke, Leonard (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Quasi-public institutions are significant but unsung players in the contemporary international financial order. What can be understood as quasi-public institutions (QPIs) have been created by states or private associations to provide a means of mediating private capital with public value, typically attracting domestic and international investment in order to foster and further a domestic agenda that has strong support from the broader population. As such they fit awkwardly with common perceptions of the international political economy as dominated institutions that reflect either state or market interests. QPIs do both and have emerged as institutional responses to domestic crises that then go on to have a role in shaping the world economy. QPIs that issue collaterized securities from mortgage credit, be they public or private in origin, reflect this institutional form given that their purpose is to bring together private capital and public value. This purpose also makes QPIs sensitive to everyday politics, given that they were created to reflect a broad social purpose rather than only elite interests. This article discusses the development of QPIs for mortgage bonds in a liberal market economy, the U.S., and a coordinated market economy, Denmark. I suggest that QPIs’ values have been challenged by de-regulatory and re-regulatory trends in recent decades. I suggest that QPIs call upon us to question how we identify actors in the international financial order as either public or private, and the importance of everyday politics in fostering institutional innovations that have significant knock-on effects for the world economy. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7333 Files in this item: 1
wp cbp 2008-43.pdf (196.9Kb) -
Institutionalizing Agents and Institutionalized AgencyKristensen, Peer Hull; Morgan, Glenn (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7342 Files in this item: 1
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Kristensen, Peer Hull; Morgan, Glenn (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This article discusses how institutional competitiveness and multinationals are mutually enriching concepts. Seen from the perspective of Multinationals, institutional competitiveness becomes expressed at two levels. At the level of corporate HQs institutional competitiveness proves itself by forming firms capable of expanding internationally. At the level of subsidiaries as providing institutional back up for these firms’ abilities to fight for survival and growth within the frame of rivalling subsidiaries of the MNC. The article discusses at these two levels the comparative institutional competitiveness of Liberal Market Economies and Coordinated Markets Economies under the current competitive regime. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7325 Files in this item: 1