Browsing Working papers by Title
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Motta, Massimo; Rønde, Thomas (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Examples From The Fruit and Vegetable MarketFoss, Kirsten (Frederiksberg, 1996)[More information][Less information]
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Abstract: This article studies the involuntary transfer of property rights by theft - a topic almost unexplored in the law and economics literature. The question is whether a buyer of a stolen good should obtain title to the good if he/she has purchased it in good faith. As described in the article different jurisdictions treat this issue differently. The traditional theory suggests that there is a tradeoff between the costs of protecting the good and the costs of verifying the ownership. However, as shown, the rule of law concerning this issue significantly affects parties’ incentives. Specifically, it is shown that a rule of law where good faith is irrelevant in determining the issue of property rights Pareto dominates a rule where good faith may protect an innocent buyer. Thus, an owner of an asset will spend more resources on protecting his property and potential buyers will incur higher costs in order to verify the ownership when good faith is decisive for the transfer of property rights. JEL Classification: K11, K14 and K42 Keywords: property right law, theft, good faith and game theory URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6802 Files in this item: 1
wplefic092005.pdf (324.7Kb) -
Rohde, Carsten; Rossing, Christian Plesner (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: When an enterprise is divided into smaller organizational units, each with its own results accountability, the question arises how to manage and measure the efficiency and profitability of such units. A task which is complicated when organizational units in the same enterprise or enterprise group trade internally as the units have to decide what prices should be paid for such inter-unit transfers. One important challenge is to uncover the consequences that different transfer prices have on the willingness in the organizational units to coordinate activities and trade internally. At the same time the determination of transfer price will affect the size of the profit or loss in the organizational units and thus have an impact on the evaluation of managers‟ performance. In some instances the determination of transfer prices may lead to a disagreement between coordination of the organizational units and overall profitability of the enterprise on the one hand and measurement of profitability and managers‟ performance in the units on the other. This chapter addresses these issues. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8374 Files in this item: 1
Carsten_Rohde_Transfer_Pricing.pdf (1.661Mb) -
The Role of Sources of Subsidiary Knowledge and Organizational ContextFoss, Nicolai Juul; Pedersen, Torben (København, 2000)[More information][Less information]
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The Role of Sources of Subsidiary Knowledge and Organizational ContextFoss, Nicolai Juul; Pedersen, Torben (København, 2000)[More information][Less information]
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Monetary Steady StatesGhiglino, Christian; Olai Hansen, Bodil; Tvede, Mich (København, 2000)[More information][Less information]
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Abstract: This paper gives an overview over how far transition has proceeded and what is still lacking in the process. The barriers for transition are identified. This includes an analysis of the different factors behind the steep fall in production in the first years of transition. It is shown that countries implementing a tough stabilization and a comprehensive and consequent liberalization have been most successful in the process. A fast and comprehensive privatization, on the other hand, has not been sufficient for the necessary restructuring of enterprises. Decisive for success in transition has been transformation of the state as a crucial part of the development of new market institutions implementing well functioning, clear and stable rules of the game for private enterprises. The institutional development has been important for the attractiveness of foreign investments and these FDI have been important for restructuring enterprises as part of a positive circle for the transition process. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7067 Files in this item: 1
wp63 2007.pdf (301.1Kb) -
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Abstract: This paper gives an overview over how far transition has proceeded and what is still lacking in the process. The analytical framework – the PIE model for Politics, Institutions, Economy – is introduced. The model is first used to point to the main reasons for the fall of the command economy. Then it is used to identify the barriers for transition of the institutional system and the restructuring of the economy. This includes an analysis of the different factors behind the steep fall in production in the first years of transition. It is shown that countries implementing a tough stabilization and a comprehensive and consequent liberalization have been most successful in the process. A fast and comprehensive privatization, on the other hand, has not been sufficient for the necessary restructuring of enterprises. Decisive for success in transition has been transformation of the state as a crucial part of the development of new political and economic institutions implementing well functioning, clear and stable rules of the game for private enterprises. The institutional development has been important for the attractiveness of foreign investments - important for restructuring enterprises as part of a positive circle for the transition process. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8486 Files in this item: 1
mygind_2011.pdf (115.2Kb) -
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Abstract: This paper gives an overview over how far transition has proceeded and what is still lacking in the process. First the analytical framework – the PIE model for Politics, Institutions, Economy – is introduces. The model is first used to point to the main reasons for the fall of the command economy. Then it is used to identify the barriers for transition of the institutional system and the restructuring of the economy. This includes an analysis of the different factors behind the steep fall in production in the first years of transition. It is shown that countries implementing a tough stabilization and a comprehensive and consequent liberalization have been most successful in the process. A fast and comprehensive privatization, on the other hand, has not been sufficient for the necessary restructuring of enterprises. Decisive for success in transition has been transformation of the state as a crucial part of the development of new political and economic institutions implementing well functioning, clear and stable rules of the game for private enterprises. The institutional development has been important for the attractiveness of foreign investments - important for restructuring enterprises as part of a positive circle for the transition process. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7983 Files in this item: 1
transition_-_PIE_feb_2009-1.pdf (108.5Kb) -
Melchior, Marie Riegels; Skov, Lise; Csaba, Fabian Faurholt (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7970 Files in this item: 1
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European and Nordic Experiences in the Employment FieldNedergaard, Peter (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper analyses and compares the transnational learning processes in the employment field in the European Union and among the Nordic countries. Based theoretically on a social constructivist model of learning and methodologically on a questionnaire distributed to the relevant participants, a number of hypotheses concerning transnational learning processes are tested. The paper closes with a number of suggestions regarding an optimal institutional setting for facilitating transnational learning processes. Key words: Transnational learning, Open Method of Coordination, Learning, Employment, European Employment Strategy, European Union, Nordic countries. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7382 Files in this item: 1
wp2005-3 mutual_learning.pdf (254.4Kb) -
modeling organizational identity dynamicsHatch, Mary Jo; Schultz, Majken (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7719 Files in this item: 1
hatch_schultz_transparency.pdf (294.9Kb) -
Mygind, Niels (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In countries like Italy, France, Spain and US enterprises where a broad group of the employees have controlling ownership have been quite widespread, while the Scandinavian countries have had few employee owned enterprises. In many countries in Eastern Europe the recent privatization process resulted in a strong wave of employee ownership, however, a wave that soon lost its momentum. The transition from plan to market has been a sort of experiment for analyzing the impact of institutional development. The spread of employee ownership is closely related to the change in both formal and informal institutions. The purpose of this article is to answer the following research questions: Why did employee ownership get so widespread in some countries Eastern Europe? Why did this ownership change relatively fast to other types of ownership? Was the development of employee ownership premature in relation to the development of the East European societies? URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7086 Files in this item: 1
wp68 2007.pdf (211.4Kb) -
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Abstract: The concept and phenomenon of trust and its relation to leadership has recently come into focus. What role does trust play? Can trust be created strategically? Questions like these are often raised. How we conceive of and conceptualize trust is not as often discussed. Among those conceptualizations of trust available are those understanding trust as normatively value laden and those attempting to understand trust as normatively neutral. In this article I will attempt to challenge the idea that trust as a concept and phenomenon meaningfully can be understood as symmetrical and normatively neutral. One need not continue the phrase "trust is good," with "control is better," as e.g., Stalin did. Let us stop with "trust is good," and look at the implications of this evaluation. It is my conviction that trust is normally something which is normatively desirable, and that trust is a concept which cannot be exempted from a discussion of value judgment. This is perhaps because trust as a phenomenon is good in itself, even before it becomes good for something else. This point of view has consequences for understanding trust as connected to a systematic form of observation which is more or less directly claimed to be normatively neutral.i Such a view on analyzing trust presupposes that trust and mistrust are symmetrical and not so different. Such a point of view makes it possible for the terminology to maintain its normative neutrality (Luhmann 1979). Understanding trust by defining it as a conception characterized by normative neutrality is in thesystem theoretical universe interconnected with the fundamental premise that functionality and functional self-stabilization are more important than validity.The assumption of neutrality is also interconnected with the idea that functionality is normatively neutral and is not in itself attributed value judgments. Mistrust becomes, in principle, as equally good a form of observation as trust – or more explicitly stated, the question of good becomes irrelevant in the systems theoretical universe – all that is relevant is that both observations claim to be able to reduce complexity. It is this viewpoint on value related neutrality and concept related symmetry I wish to subject to a critical evaluation. At the same time I am interested in showing that one can in fact say something about trust and trust production by exposing some of the conditions which lay at the foundation for declaring trust or mistrust. My argument against the understanding of trust as value neutral is divided into five sections wherein I address different aspects of trust as a concept and phenomenon. In the first section, I address the trust concept’s connection with other related concepts, and show the inherent attribution of value within the concept. In the following section, I show the complexity which arises in and with that trust both can be a precondition for and a product of social processes. The creation of trust can be both the intentionally intended and functionally unintended; for example, trust can be something that is desirable, but can arise without anyone having planned it. In the third section, I argue that there is a difference between having trust in a phenomenon and having trust in one’s knowledge of the same phenomenon. The fourth section addresses the question in relation to the trust phenomena’s strategic flexibility of form for example, the idea that one with leadership tools can consciously bring forth trust. In the conclusion, the question about trust communication is addressed. In this section I argue that trust is positively value-laden, becausesincerity is a functional and pragmatic condition for successful communication which is oriented towards understanding. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7671 Files in this item: 1
wp 06 - trust and leadership.pdf (108.1Kb) -
Bernhard Nielsen, Bo (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Although trust has been given much attention in alliance literature as an explanatory factor, little research has been devoted to defining and operationalizing trust. Trust is more or less seen as a magic ingredient, poorly understood much like the concept of luck, and usually attributed ex post; successful alliances seem to involve trust; unsuccessful alliances do not. The extant literature has treated trust as a residual term for the complex social-psychological processes necessary for social action to occur. Since trust is a social phenomenon, both national culture and institutional arrangements have an impact on trust and the perception of trust. Hence, this paper develops a conceptual model, based on a structural equation approach, for empirically exploring the role played by trust in the process of learning in international strategic alliances. The model distinguishes between pre-alliance formation factors and post-alliance formation factors in an attempt to respond to calls for research examining the evolution of trust and its impact on international collaborative relationships. The determinants of trust in international strategic alliances are examined and a series of testable propositions are derived to guide future empirical investigation. Keywords: Trust, Strategic Alliances, Learning URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6571 Files in this item: 1
wp8-2001-bbn.pdf (116.3Kb) -
Bordum, Anders (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In this articlei I will argue that trust is a fundamental and critical concept because trust is the direct or transcendental constitutive ground of most social phenomena, as well as applicable as an operational method in critical theory. There are two different but overlapping positions on trust I address in this article. One is the standpoint we find in business strategy, that trust is naïve to show, and control or contracts are presumed better. In the strategy game the idealistic good guys seems to lose (Arrow 1974), (Williamson 1975). The other position is the position taken by systems theory where trust is treated as if it was a value-neutral system-internal decision, which presupposes that trust and mistrust are symmetrically interrelated functionally (Luhmann 1979). In his early book Trust and Power, Niklas Luhmann seems to agree with the vision guiding my general argument that there is a need for clear directions and specifications in organisations and systems as to whether trust or distrust is appropriate and rational (Luhmann 1979:93). Yet I challenge these positions described above with an alternative understanding inspired by Jürgen Habermas which can be applied as an operational strategy for analyzing trust in its’ empirical and social distribution, without ignoring the questions of validity in real social settings where trust is actively playing a direct or indirect constitutional role in the foundation of most interactions, organisations, institutions, and societies. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7675 Files in this item: 1
wp2004-004.pdf (106.5Kb) -
A study of Swedish biotech firms’ international expansionLindstrand, Angelika; Melen, Sara; Rovira, Emilia (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The effects of using personal networks have in recent years become a topic of interest in the research area that focuses on the internationalization process of the firm. Few studies have, however, used the concept of social capital when studying the internationalization process of high-tech SMEs. In this explorative case study, ten Swedish SMEs in the biotech business have been examined in order to see how they use social capital for accessing the critical resources that they need in their internationalization process. The results of the study indicate that the usefulness of social capital changes during this process and that the wrong perception of social capital’s usefulness can lead to unsuccessful internationalization. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7432 Files in this item: 1
smg 2006-50.pdf (350.3Kb) -
How Firms Can Make Credible Commitments That Make Opportunistic Managerial Intervention Less LikelyFoss, Kirsten; Foss, Nicolai J.; Vázquez-Vicente, Xosé H. (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Abstract We discuss and empirically examine a firm-level equivalent of the ancient problem of "tying the King’s hands," namely how to maximize managerial intervention for "good cause," while avoiding intervention for "bad cause." Managers may opportunistically intervene when such intervention produces private benefits. Overall firm performance is harmed as a result, because opportunistic managerial intervention harms employee motivation. The central point of the paper is that various mechanisms and factors, such as managers staking their personal reputation, employees controlling important assets, strong trade unions, corporate culture, etc. may function as constraints on managerial proclivities to opportunistically intervene. Thus, firms can make credible commitments that check managerial proclivities to opportunistically intervene. We derive 5 hypotheses from these ideas, and test them, using path-analysis, on a rich dataset, based on 329 firms in the Spanish food and electric/electronic industries. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7296 Files in this item: 1
03-10.pdf (708.8Kb)