Browsing Working papers by Title
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Will China Continue to Hold Together?Brødsgaard, Kjeld Erik (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The recent Bo Xilai affair has created strains in the Chinese political system and has intensified the power struggle concerning the new leadership appointments due to take place at the 18th Party Congress. The pressure on the political system is intensified by a number of social phenomena such as increased fragmentation, vested interests, corruption, social unrest, increased income and social inequalities and a de facto reform stop since 2009. Some scholars believe that we now see the end of ‘resilient authoritarianism’ and that China either will experience a political and social collapse or move towards a democratic system. However, developments since 1989 show the regime’s amazing ability to revitalize its organizational capabilities and regain its Mandate of Heaven. It may be too early to declare the Party over. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8622 Files in this item: 1
Kjeld_Erik_Broedsgaard_2012-39.pdf (214.0Kb) -
Skjold, Else (, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Music and dress have played a significant role in the civilization process in West Europe. Both being aesthetic fields meant to be performed and put into play by human gesture, they have proved to be efficient tools for cultivating the movements, postures and gestures of the body. The material, cut and shape of the dress has manipulated the body to move in certain ways, as have rhythms and expressions in music. Significant for West Europe has been a duality between spirit and body, causing a division between high culture and popular culture, that has been reflected in the way music and dress has been used as display of ‘civilization’ from the early Middle ages to the Nineteenth century, and the way fashion and pop music subsequently has been perceived as ephemeral, irrational or even immoral. Following the democratization process, music and dress from early to late modernity has formed a unique liaison in youth culture, with the notion of image as a unifying concept. Here dress, gesture and pattern of movement emphasizes the underlying bodily gestures indicated by the sounds and rhythms in various music styles, and in this way encapsulates the identity of the individual participating in the manyfragmented taste groupings in society. In the same sense, dress and music have worked as a gate-opener to society for ethnic European outsiders like gays or working class, or non-Western immigrants, that could define their position in society through expressing themselves in hybrid subcultures. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7768 Files in this item: 1
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Huizinga, Harry; Nielsen, Søren Bo (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Internationalization offers enhanced opportunities for individuals to place savings abroad and evade domestic saving taxation. This paper asks whether the concomi- tant loss of saving taxation necessarily is harmful. To this end we construct a model of many symmetric countries in which public goods are financed by taxes on saving and investment. There is international cross-ownership of firms, and countries are assumed to be unable to tax away pure profits. Countries then face an incentive to impose a rather high investment tax also borne by foreigners. In this setting, the loss of the saving tax instrument on account of international tax evasion may prevent the overall saving-investment tax wedge from becoming too high, and hence may be beneficial for moderate preferences for public goods. A world with 'high- spending' governments, in contrast, is made worse off by the loss of saving taxes, and hence stands to gain from international cooperation to restore saving taxation. JEL-Classifcation: H87, H21 Keywords: Capital income taxation, cross-ownership, coordination URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7535 Files in this item: 1
wpec152004.pdf (172.2Kb) -
Møllgaard, Peter (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Sornn-Friese, Henrik (København, 1998)[More information][Less information]
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Skovgaard Smith, Irene (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Based on preliminary interviews with client representatives and a pilot case study, the pa-per explores collaboration and mutual construction in client-consultant relationships. Both consultants and client actors take part in an active construction and reconstruction of knowledge that involve struggles over position, power and control. In the context of client-consultant interaction, it is thus not only ideas and solutions that are contested but also the power to define. Attention is paid to how ideas are brought into play and negotiated in the interaction between actors. The empirical material presented in the paper illustrates how consultancy projects evolve through processes of negotiation over whose interpretation should count and who should be in control. In the process, client actors with different posi-tions and interests play an active role in creating what become valid and what ideas are appropriated. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6367 Files in this item: 1
wp4-2006.pdf (153.2Kb) -
How? How much?Nedergaard, Peter (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Mutual learning among the Member States is the primary purpose of the employment policy of the European Union. The two most important questions in this regard are how learning occurs and how much learning takes place. In this article I argue that the existing analyses of the effects of learning in the European employment strategy have been either determined by the sender’s interests or have underestimated how mutual learning between countries takes place. In stead the article develops a constructivist approach to learning and uses it to generate some concrete hypothesis about when learning in committees is most likely to take place. Afterwards, this constructivist approach is used to analyse the institutional framework surrounding the European employment strategy in order to evaluate whether the potential for learning is optimal. Finally, the article concludes that even though some basic premises for learning is fulfilled, the potential for mutual learning could and should be increased by implemented at range of concrete institutional reforms. Firstly, a range of professional and autonomous sub-committees which reports to the EMCO should be established. Secondly, the EMCO should be given more time to discuss the national action plans in meetings which more loosely defined agendas. Thirdly, the cooperation should be concentrated around the areas where the differences in terms of policy performances among the Member States are greatest. Fourthly, the president of the EMCO should be given a more prominent role at the expense of the Commission. Finally, the members of the EMCO should to a higher extent come from the directorates in the Member states rather than the minister’s departments. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7332 Files in this item: 1
working paper_40_pn_mutual learning.pdf (138.4Kb) -
The Role of Appropriability Strategies in Shaping Innovative PerformanceLaursen, Keld; Salter, Ammon (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The strategies firms use to protect their intellectual property and knowledge can strongly influence their ability to capture the benefits of their innovative efforts. In attempting to appropriate their innovations, firms can chose from a range of mechanisms, including patents, trade secrets and lead times. Yet, little is known about how the use of different appropriability mechanisms may shape innovative performance. Using a large-scale database of UK manufacturing firms, we examine how legal (such as patents) and first mover (such as secrecy) appropriability strategies shape performance. We find that both strategies are curvilinearly (taking an inverted U-shape) related to innovative performance, indicting that some firms may suffer from a myopia of protectiveness, relying too heavily on appropriation to the detriment of other activities. Keywords: Appropriability, Intellectual property rights, Innovation, Innovative performance URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7301 Files in this item: 1
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Bordum, Anders (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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en beretning om vidensdeling, arbejdsdeling og refleksiv praksisSiggård Jensen, Sisse (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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SME on the way to Eastern EuropeMeyer, Klaus E.; Tind, Ane; Jacobsen, Mår K. (København, 2000)[More information][Less information]
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organizing the transfer of technology and knowledgeTryggestad, Kjell (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The aim of this work is to conduct a theoretical and empirical investigation of how the market institution performs in the context of technology and knowledge transfer. The notion of political markets, first introduced by Adam Smith, is extended to the artifacts of technology and their associated factor markets. The paper develops the notion of political markets by drawing upon an empirical case that reconstructs the chain of events related to the transfer of flexible manufacturing systems (FMS). The case account for the various actors and institutions involved in the technology transfer, including the firms on both sides of the market, the government, the engineering-scientists, the economists, the union representatives and the machinists. It is argued that Natural markets is a special case of political markets in which technologies and hybrid entities and identities produce both the Natural market as well as its master – the pure technological relations. Neither the Natural market, nor Homo economicus can be brought into existence without pure technological relations. The existence of the latter is a necessary condition for the existence of the two former, as has already been recognized by neoclassical economics. The present work makes a constructive contribution to neoclassical economics in this respect, by describing and analyzing all the work of purification that enters into the task of bringing the necessary conditions into existence. Indeed, the process of purification that brings purified 3 technologies, natural markets and rational identities like homo economicus into existence, require huge investments, as do their maintenance. Technical knowledge turned out to be no exception. As the case suggests, technical knowledge was not just a given condition, but became a produced outcome. Yet, the process of knowledge production continued, transforming given technical knowledge in unexpected ways. Technical knowledge also became a negotiated outcome during the transfer of FMS. Hence, when market transaction takes place, knowledge it self can be transformed, and with it, the conditions for conducting the market transaction. So, the notion of political markets proposed here, suggests that knowledge can be both premises as well as an outcome of market transaction – as knowledge, its status and distribution - can be negotiated in the process. Instead of criticizing Homo economicus and (neo) classical economics, the notion of political markets thus proposed imply a constructive contribution to economics, notably to the core of neo classical economics: Through out this paper, it is argued with reference to both theory and own empirical fieldwork, that neoclassical economics participate in the successful purification of technological relations. Yet, in order to provide for an explanation of such a successful outcome, it is not enough to account for economists among themselves. As has already been suggested by Callon (1998) and the associated work on the anthropology of markets, also such material associations as computer based calculations and simulations of the macro-economy must be brought into the explanation. In more specific terms, the puzzling ‘residual’ in the neoclassical production function can be explained by now also taking into account the many subtle ways economics itself interfere in making up the residual. Neoclassical economics only have to refine their production function by adding to it the significance of material associations such as computer based calculations and simulations of the macro-economy. Done properly, a revised macro-economic model would emerge, capable of handling ‘market failures’ in new ways. Instead of attributing all failures to the market and no failures to technology, a more symmetric distribution of failures between the two entities would be allowed for. Further more, each time a ‘residual’ emerges from applying the revised model, it is no longer simply due to ‘technical change’ but also due to ‘market failures’. Hence, such a revised macro-economic model not only allow neoclassical economics to maintain the distinction between technology and the market but also allows for the flexibility of including those entities previously excluded, that is, the material associations and inscriptions that participates in making up the distinctions between the two. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6676 Files in this item: 1
wp 24.pdf (294.7Kb) -
evidence from EstoniaJones, Derek C.; Mygind, Niels (København, 1999)[More information][Less information]
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Abstract: Dette historiske essay angående en afhandling af den store mediciner Galen fra Pergamon (c.129-200 e.Kr.) udgør anden del af en serie om filosofiske grænseområder i den senhellenistiske periode hvis første del består i en oversættelse med filosofisk kommentar til Lukian fra Samosatas (c.120-180 e.Kr.) Filosofiske leveveje til salg.* Men hvor digteren Lukians dialog fraskriver sig stort set al filosofi som frugtesløst for menneskelivet i bred og praktisk forstand, peger Galens tekst i stedet på hvordan medicinen må og skal inddrage den filosofiske tradition hvis den skal evne at forsvare sig imod en tvivlsom mekanistisk naturfilosofi som i Galens tid trængte sig ind på både lægekunst og -videnskab og truede med at nedbryde dem indefra. Ligesom Lukians satire giver også Galens tekst et særegent indblik i diskussionen mellem flere af antikkens etablerede filosofiske retninger – såvel platonisme, aristotelisme, epikuræisme og stoicisme som »atomisme« og »vitalisme«. Samtidig fremstiller Galens tekst også en omtolkning af arven særligt fra Platon og Aristoteles hvor disse forfatteres grundlæggende »psykologiske« lære om menneskekroppen tildeles en mere »fysiologisk« prægning der på sin side synes at pege i retning af senere tiders dualisme. Endelig præsenterer teksten et af verdenshistoriens første naturvidenskabelige eksperimenter, men indenfor helt andre rammer end dem der langt senere formuleres i og med den naturvidenskabelige revolution i det 17. århundrede: Hos Galen vendtes eksperimentet imod en mekanistisk og almindeligt eksperimentel naturforståelse i et forsøg på at vise hvordan naturen egenhændigt kan fortælle og fremvise sin egen omfattende sandhed. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7907 Files in this item: 1
WP1-2009.pdf (238.5Kb) -
[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper is intended to propose a relationship-based theory of the firm (R’BT), an alternative to the transaction cost theory. The R’BT takes relationship disharmony (rather than transaction costs) as its basic unit of analysis of the nature of the firm, and argues relationship disharmony derives from conflict of interests, a problem faced by any human organizations; to reduce the conflict of interests, the best way is to harmonize relationships by mutually accommodating or internalizing the other party’s interests into its own consideration; the degree of harmony or disharmony in the relationships will in turn determine the performance of the organization in question. This paper provides a completely different explanation from the transaction cost economics when addressing issues such like the existence, boundary and internal organization of the firm. Also discussed are its implications for organizational management and economy. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7828 Files in this item: 1
wp3-2009-xl.pdf (160.1Kb) -
Reconceptualising the Chinese Diaspora in Southeast AsiaJacobsen, Michael (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper argues that the fluidity that permeates the contemporary international community is driven by especially political and economic globalisation, which has a huge impact of the relationship between the nation and the state. As the individual nation state is increasingly depending on the international community for its economic survival this dependency on the global has as a consequence that it rolls back aspects of national sovereignty thus opening up the national hinterland for further international influences. These developments initiate a process of disaggregating state and nation, meaning that a gradual disarticulation of the relationship between state and nation produces new societal spaces, which are contested by non-statist interest groups and transnational more or less deterritorialised ethnic affiliated groups and networks. The argument forwarded in this article is that the ethnic Chinese utilises these newly created spaces for setting up diasporic like networks thus providing substance for transnational ethnoscapes or nations without states. Keywords: globalisation, nation state, diaspora, ethnicity, Chinese, Southeast Asia URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7394 Files in this item: 1
michael-07.pdf (225.9Kb) -
Foss, Nicolai J.; Klein, Peter G. (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Entrepreneurship and the theory of the firm are two of the fastest-growing fields in eco-nomics and management. The two fields developed largely in isolation and are only now beginning to be brought together. We argue that each field has much to learn from the other and that combining them yields a better theory of the firm and a fuller understand-ing of the nature and effects of entrepreneurship in the economy. Specifically, the Knightian concept of entrepreneurship as judgment, combined with the Austrian ap-proach to capital heterogeneity, leads to a number of unconventional insights about the nature, boundaries, and internal organization of the firm. The judgment perspective also shifts attention from the discovery or recognition of entrepreneurial opportunities to the exploitation of those opportunities through the acquisition, combination, and recombina-tion of resources, adding to our understanding of the causes and consequences of entre-preneurship. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7461 Files in this item: 1
smg wp 2008-04.pdf (328.7Kb) -
Minbaeva, Dana B. (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper explores reasons for negative complementarity among HRM practices. It is built upon the premise that there are certain HRM practices influencing extrinsic and intrinsic motivation of knowledge receivers. If those HRM practices are applied in a complementary way, their impact on knowledge-related outcomes will result in crowding effect of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation and be negative. Hypotheses derived from these arguments are tested on the data from 92 subsidiaries of Danish multinational corporations located in 11 countries. Extrinsic/intrinsic motivation, HRM practices, knowledge transfer URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7293 Files in this item: 1
ckg-wp 2005-4.pdf (385Kb) -
An investigation into the remedies available to the original lender with special emphasis on the tort of interfering with contractual relationsTamasauskas, Andreas (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
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A study of journalist-source interactionKjær, Peter; Langer, Roy (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]