Browsing Research documents by Title
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Abstract: It has been argued that “… trade adjustment in East Asia…will be rapid and sizable, lifting aggregate growth in these economies even as the domestic non-tradable sectors continue to suffer a decline (as in Mexico)” (World Bank, 1998, p.5). Much hope has been pinned on the electronics industry to come through with rapid growth through expanding exports. Two arguments appear to bolster such an expectation: the severity of the region´s currency depreciations has lowered the cost of much of its electronics supply base relative to its competitors; and the electronics industry´s proven track record as an engine of export-led growth shows that it can be quickly started and accelerated in response to changes in the market. However, no export boom in electronics has (as yet) materialized. The paper analyzes what explains this puzzle. We first introduce a taxonomy of East Asia´s electronics firms and market segments to distinguish different capacities to ride out the crisis. We then discuss three barriers to an East Asian export boom in electronics: i) supply-side constraints that result from limited access to trade finance, and from the cost-increasing impact of local currency depreciations in highly import-dependent countries; ii) demand-related constraints, resulting from deteriorating growth perspectives in East Asia´s electronics export markets; and iii) deflationary pricing pressures, resulting from a narrow specialization in high-tech commodities that are characterized by periodic surplus capacity and price wars. Combined, these barriers have produced a vicious circle: once exports increase, net volume gains are likely to be offset by pricing losses. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8091 Files in this item: 1
x644977697.pdf (101.1Kb) -
Müller, Tina; Gwozdz, Wencke; Reisch, Lucia A. (Frederiksberg, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The current fashion system is highly unsustainable, as continuous overproduction and overconsumption is contributing to environmental as well as social degradation. The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between consumers’ perceived responsibility for the non-sustainability of the fashion industry, diffusion of responsibility between different actors, label knowledge and use, perceived external barriers and environmental apparel consumption. Theoretically, we combine the Motivation-Opportunity-Ability-Model with norm activation theory. We use a representative sample of young Swedish consumers for our analysis. Findings show that perceived personal responsibility as well as label knowledge and use enhance environmental apparel consumption. The small but significant negative effect of perceived responsibility diffusion on environmental apparel consumption indicates that responsibilities between relevant actors might have to be delegated more explicitly than it happens today. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9023 Files in this item: 1
Gwozdz2014.pdf (975.7Kb) -
Hoffmann Pii, Kathrine (Frederiksberg, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The patient-centred approach is expanding in the Danish healthcare system. This approach strives to organize treatment and care so that it takes departure in the individual patient’s personal values, wishes and motivations. The intention behind the approach is to offer more effective and more ethical treatment and care. The patient-centred approach assigns to a great extent the responsibility for individuals’ state of health and improvement to the individual patient. But what challenges does the approach pose for the professionals who work with it? In this thesis, I seek to explore the organizational and managerial problematics that the patient-centred approach implies in a case from the vascular specialty in the Danish healthcare system. The research question that I explore in the thesis is: How is preventive capacity and responsibility built and distributed in patient-centred prevention practices? URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8884 Files in this item: 1
Kathrine_H_Pii.pdf (3.555Mb) -
Refashioning luxury goods through co-creationWolny, Julia; Hansen, Rina (Geneva, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Sustainable fashion in all its guises, has been the preoccupation of many a recent campaign, article, research and initiative. Not only is the industry increasingly aware of the need to cut its environmental impact, but also consumers and consumer organisations are putting pressures on various parts of the supply chain to comply with environmental and ethical practices. Yet, from a management perspective, the economic impact of these demands can lead to conflicting priorities. In particular, the basic marketing concept of product lifecycle indicates the product’s gradual diminishing monetary returns through time. In this paper we will be analysing a case of a refashioning of products that are either obsolete or unsalable and making a commercially viable collection. In 2008 MCM collaborated with the London College of Fashion to reuse, recycle and redesign a number of end-of-line, dated handbags into new objects of desire with a new lifecycle. This case will form a basis of analysing the validity of such a product re-development tactic for other luxury brands. The paper will provides a blueprint for future re-fashioning initiatives by reflecting on the value inherent in the process for both users and firms alike. The paper contributes to the understanding of recycling and sustainable fashion from a theoretical perspective that links together the product lifecycle, co-creation and value creation theories. The main theoretical implication of the work concerns the framing of recycling and refashioning with the context of those linked concepts.According to this contribution, refashioning can enable value creation from obsolete products, especially if a co-design with consumers or users forms part of the proposition. On the managerial side, this study recognisees the economic drivers of business and highlights the commercial, not only environmental and societal benefits of recycling within the luxury sector. The recycled products stand in direct opposition to counterfeiting, which is evident in the uniqueness for refashioned products leading to the development of new objects of desire. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8525 Files in this item: 1
Rina_Hansen_2011_6.pdf (213.1Kb) -
Why Central Management Should Rely on Peripheral SensingPedersen, Carsten (Frederiksberg, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In dynamic environments, competitive advantage lies in developing useful knowledge from continuous streams of unstructured and ambiguous data. Frontline employees and certain groups of customers are often the first to sense emerging issues of strate-gic importance due to their experiential insights of the firm’s daily operations. Yet, they are rarely asked to provide updated information about critical issues. The present paper seeks to conceptually develop the notion of responsive innovation, by drawing on literary streams concerning collective sensing, strategic issue diagnosis and integra-tive strategy within a micro foundations perspective. It is posited that companies should root their innovation processes in the collective sensing of frontline-employees and customers that operate around the organizational periphery. This frames the con-cept of responsive innovation, where individuals engaged in the firm’s ongoing busi-ness activities collectively identify issues that central managers can resolve. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8940 Files in this item: 1
Carsten_Pedersen.pdf (599.7Kb) -
Inderstanding the Dual Processes of the Human Mind and Human Interaction in Strategy MakingJuul Andersen, Torben; Fredens, Kjeld (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Modern cognitive science identifies a dynamic system of interacting fast and slow processes as essential to human thinking. The fast system observes and reacts to environmental stimuli and the slow system interprets events and reasons about future actions. When the fast and slow processes interact they form a dynamic system that enables individuals to respond effectively to changing conditions. We project this dynamic perspective onto human interaction in organizations where observations and experiential insights gained by employees and operating managers are linked to forward-looking planning considerations that take place around the top-management echelons. This identifies the responsive organization that is able to observe and react to frequent and often abrupt environmental changes and thereby adapt organizational activities to the changing reality. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8789 Files in this item: 1
Juul Andersen_Fredens.pdf (330.5Kb) -
Med særligt henblik på grønlandske forholdLund, Lars (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Resource rents and models for taxation of these rents. Some references to the situation for Greenland. After a general introduction to the concept of rents the risk of distortion by double taxation of the normal capital income to investment is explained. Cash flow taxation or deduction in the tax base of investment times the risk free interest rate can be used to avoid this double taxation. Among other instruments to secure a part of rents for the public sector are direct participation and selling rights to exploit the resources by auction. The greater part of the paper is about taxation of rents in fisheries. The regulation is assumed to be based on professional advising and individual transferable quotas. Duties on the quota or a general cost increasing tariff, e. g. on fuel, are administratively simple models for taxation. Cost increasing indirect taxation has the good quality of incentive compatibility, as it supports the effort reducing aim of regulation. A concrete example illustrates a possible taxation of the prawn/shrimp fishery combining a duty on the quota with a tariff levied on the catch. Some comment are given on a recent report on the shrimp fishery (2005), and it is criticised for highlighting the theoretical qualities of Greenland’s fisheries policy, but neglecting the regulation and also to which extent incomes derived from quotas end up as income for Greenlandic households. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7559 Files in this item: 1
wp1-2007_rev.pdf (305.6Kb) -
Effects on Capacity Investments, Prices and WelfareBuehler, Stefan; Boom, Anette (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We examine the effects of reorganizing electricity markets on capacity investments, retail prices and welfare when demand is uncertain. We study the following market configurations: (i) integrated monopoly, (ii) integrated duopoly with wholesale trade, and (iii) separated duopoly with wholesale trade. Assuming that wholesale prices can react to changes in retail prices (but not vice versa), we find that generators install sufficient capacity to serve retail demand in each market configuration, thus avoiding blackouts. Furthermore, aggregate capacity levels and retail prices are such that the separated (integrated) duopoly with wholesale trade performs best (worst) in terms of welfare. Keywords: Electricity, Investments, Generating Capacities, Vertical Integration, Monopoly and Competition. JEL-Classification: D42, D43, D44, L11, L12, L13 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7589 Files in this item: 1
wp11-2006.pdf (286.3Kb) -
Vertical Structure and the Risk of Rent ExtractionBoom, Anette; Buehler, Stefan (Frederiksbarg, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We study the role of vertical structure in determining generating capacities and retail prices in the electricity industry. Allowing for uncertain demand, we compare three market configurations: (i) integrated monopoly, (ii) integrated duopoly with wholesale trade, and (iii) separated duopoly with wholesale trade. We find that equilibrium capacities and retail prices are such that welfare is highest (lowest) under separated (integrated) duopoly. The driving force behind this result is the risk of rent extraction faced by competing integrated generators on the wholesale market. Our analysis suggests that vertical structure plays an important role in determining generating capacities and retail prices. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9031 Files in this item: 1
boom.pdf (614.5Kb) -
A critical political economy perspectiveBuch-Hansen, Hubert (København, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The focus of this thesis is one "component” of EC competition regulation, namely that of merger control. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7729 Files in this item: 1
hubert_buch-hansen.pdf (2.956Mb) -
Hagen Jørgensen, Ole (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Using a stochastic overlapping generations model with endogenous labour supply, this paper studies the design and performance of a policy rule for the retirement age in response to fertility and mortality shocks. Two main results are derived: First, to oset a change in the labour force the retirement age should adjust more than proportionally to the fertility change and, second, to be socially desirable the retirement age should be indexed less than proportionally to changes in life expectancy. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7688 Files in this item: 1
dp 2008-03.pdf (361.1Kb) -
den glade skaberkraft og den sure dekonstruktion?Halskov Jensen, Elisabeth (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Dette Working Paper kommer til at handle om, hvordan man egentlig kan finde på at arbejde med kritisk diskursanalyse og retorik på én gang, når nu diskursanalysen på den ene side hævder, at vi skal afsløre verdensanskuelser og magtforhold bag sprogbrug, og retorikken på den anden side er mere optaget af at fortælle os, hvordan vi skal styre og målrette vores sprogbrug i skabelsen af tekster. Hvis den kritiske diskursanalyse således repræsenterer ideer om, at mennesker og menneskelige relationer styres af normer, myter og kultur, og at det, vi skal stræbe efter, er at afsløre og dekonstruere dem for at imødegå faren for den totale kontrol, så er vel netop den klassiske retorik repræsentant for det modsatte, nemlig at vi skal operere inden for de afstukne grænser, som normerne og kulturen sætter, for bedst muligt at tale vores sag? Jeg vil her forsøge at vise, at denne fremstilling er for firkantet, og at den pointe, at sproget både skaber og skabes af mennesker og samfund i en dialektisk vekslen, er en hovedpointe i nutidige tilgange inden for både retorik og diskursanalyse. Ligeledes vil jeg argumentere for, at vi i vores private og professionelle virke både har brug for at 'pille tekster fra hinanden' og at vide, hvordan vi former dem på den mest hensigtsmæssige måde. Selv om jeg opererer med begreberne 'klassisk retorik' og 'kritisk diskursanalyse', er der ikke tale om, at jeg her hverken kan eller vil give nogen udtømmende, endsige grundig, gennemgang af nogen af områderne, ligesom jeg heller ikke vil forsøge at tage patent på, hvad hverken klassisk retorik eller kritisk diskursanalyse går ud på. Min artikel er blevet til på baggrund af mine egne beskedne erfaringer med begge områder, herunder mit empiriske arbejde med diskursanalyse af spanske avisartikler, hvor jeg anvender kritisk diskursanalyse a la Fairclough (1992, 1995). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6854 Files in this item: 1
nr.201-2003.pdf (193.8Kb) -
Lando, Henrik (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
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Højlund, Holger (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Heterogeneity and Non-LinearitiesIversen, Jens; Malchow-Møller, Nikolaj; Sørensen, Anders (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The returns to education in self-employment are addressed in four different specifications of the relationship between log income and years of schooling. The specifications range from a standard Mincer equation with a constant percentage increase in income to an additional year of schooling to the most flexible specification with dummy variables for the different number of years of schooling split into different types of education. Based on the more flexible specifications, important non-linearities and heterogeneity in the returns to education in self-employment are found. These results are robust across different estimation methods: OLS; Heckit correction models to handle sample selection; and IV to deal with the potential endogeneity of years of schooling. Moreover, the results are insensitive to the use of different sample years, different definitions of self-employment, and different income measures for the self-employed. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8225 Files in this item: 1
Sorensen_WP_2010.pdf (411.9Kb) -
Laursen, Keld (København, 1998)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The paper is an analysis of Balassa’s ‘revealed comparative advantage’ (RCA). The papers shows that when using the RCA, it should always be adjusted in such a way, so that it becomes symmetric. The conclusion is based on a theoretical discussion of the properties of the measure, but also on convincing empirical evidence, based on the Jarque-Bera test of normality of the error terms from regressions, using both the RCA and the ‘Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage’ (the RSCA). The RSCA is also compared to other measures of international trade specialisation. These measures included the Michaely index and the chi square measure. The conclusion emerging from the analysis is that the RSCA is - on balance - the best measure of comparative advantage. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8092 Files in this item: 2
8778730694.pdf (115.7Kb)8778730694.pdf (115.7Kb) -
Laursen, Keld (Frederiksberg, 1998)[More information][Less information]
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Munar, Ana María (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Tourism is often linked to ideas of escapism and release from everyday duties and obligations. Modern societies are characterized by highly complex systems of social and cultural control, and citizens of these societies find forms of liberation in travel (Jafari 1987). Tourism destinations act as magnetic spaces of leisure and relaxation that can be visualized as the realm of ‘touristhood’– a theatrical arena in which individuals adopt different masks and conduct themselves according to expectations and norms that differ from those that rule their everyday lives. The consumption and enjoyment of alcoholic drinks constitutes a relevant element of the scenery of touristhood. In touristic spaces the beer product is socially transformed and constructed; tourists enact beer tourism through drinking practices and rituals performed at the destination. Alcohol, and in this case beer consumption, is constitutive of socio-cultural traditions in many national cultures (such as those in Northern Europe). National and local beer cultures are however being transformed and re-shaped in tourism destinations. This study examines the interrelation of beer cultures, more specifically German beer culture, and tourism. It examines how beer culture, combined with touristhood, produces extreme and novel forms of consumption transforming both tourism practices and the world of beer. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8570 Files in this item: 1
Ana_Maria_Munar_2012.pdf (425.2Kb) -
The Making of Statistical Facts and Artifacts in EconomicsTryggestad, Kjell (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The study aims is to describe how the inclusion and exclusion of materials and calculative devices construct the boundaries and distinctions between statistical facts and artifacts in economics. My methodological approach is inspired by John Graunt’s (1667) Political arithmetic and more recent work within constructivism and the field of Science and Technology Studies (STS). The result of this approach is here termed reversible statistics, reconstructing the findings of a statistical study within economics in three different ways. It is argued that all three accounts are quite normal, albeit in different ways. The presence and absence of diverse materials, both natural and political, is what distinguishes them from each other. Arguments are presented for a more symmetric relation between the scientific statistical text and the reader. I will argue that a more symmetric relation can be achieved by accounting for the significance of the materials and the equipment that enters into the production of statistics. Key words: Reversible statistics, diverse materials, constructivism, economics, science, and technology. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6714 Files in this item: 1
2004 reversible statistics.pdf (667.8Kb) -
Foss, Nicolai J. (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: For tre til fire årtier siden var der i fin overensstemmelse med tidsånden megen tale om økonomisk teoris krise. En række alternative, »heterodoxe«, »non-mainstream« retninger blev etableret eller taget frem af gemmerne og støvet af som alternativer til den formodet monolitiske, neoklassiske hovedstrøm. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7453 Files in this item: 1
smg wp 2008-22.pdf (157.8Kb)