Browsing Research documents by Title
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The Social Productivity of Cartographic Crisis and Transitions in the Case of SEEITBrenneche, Nicolaj Tofte (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The long term transition to sustainable energy systems is already having an impact on how energy research and innovation is being organized. With ambitious European and national goals for energy system transitions, a new transition complexity challenges established domains of expertise and other established actor domains. Thus, system transition complexity opens up for a broad range of new relational problems which transgress established definitions of expert domains and which areas of expertise ‘belong’ to energy research and which actors are relevant for energy research and innovation. As an example hereof, the long term prospective of transformed energy systems actualizes a need for combining expert domains and actors within energy efficient buildings with expert domains and actors within the modeling, planning and management of energy systems of various kinds. Many other examples could be listed illustrating how energy research as a complex field of knowledge production and innovation confronts a new, open transition complexity, which transforms the landscapes of energy research. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8784 Files in this item: 1
Nicolaj_T_Brenneche.pdf (3.858Mb) -
Approaches to Knowledge Management PracticeSanchez, Ron (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper explains two fundamental approaches to knowledge management. The tacit knowledge approach emphasizes understanding the kinds of knowledge that individuals in an organization have, moving people to transfer knowledge within an organization, and managing key individuals as knowledge creators and carriers. By contrast, the explicit knowledge approach emphasizes processes for articulating knowledge held by individuals, the design of organizational approaches for creating new knowledge, and the development of systems (including information systems) to disseminate articulated knowledge within an organization. The relative advantages and disadvantages of both approaches to knowledge management are summarized. A synthesis of tacit and knowledge management approaches is recommended to create a hybrid design for the knowledge management practices in a given organization. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7224 Files in this item: 1
wp04-01.pdf (147.0Kb) -
Jeppesen, Soeren (, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The international literature on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has focused on large rms, in the North, mostly applying normative, universal and positivist approaches. However, over the last 10-15 years increasing attention has been directed towards micro, small and medium-sized rms, SMEs. While the focus on CSR in SMEs mainly has been con ned to a Northern context, limited, though growing, focus has been on CSR in SMEs in a Southern or developing country context. The paper assesses the contributions on CSR and SMEs in Development. It does so by presenting three dominant and con icting perceptions of SMEs in the CSR literature (SMEs as problems vs. SMEs as innovators; SMEs as miniature versions of large rms vs. SMEs in their own right; SMEs responding to voluntary approaches vs. SMEs responding to state regulation). The paper then takes stock of what we know about CSR, SMEs and Development (concerning environmental issues; labour, safety & health; global supply chains; and nally CSR and SMEs in Clusters) and what we don’t know. The paper nally argues in favour of a critical research based on a) focus on Southern perspectives, b) SMEs in their own right, and c) application of context-sensitive approaches. It advocates the key issues of a critical CSR in SMEs in Development research agenda should be focused at the interface between SME, CSR and Development issues. It presents four main parts or areas of such an agenda and three suggestions concerning policy initiatives, before it brie y concludes on the changes that the eld has undergone over the 10-15 years observed. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7947 Files in this item: 1
wp 2009-9.pdf (1.274Mb) -
What Do We Know? Where Do We Go?Leca, Bernard; Battilana, Julie; Boxenbaum, Eva (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper analyzes the literature that has been published on institutional entrepreneurship since Paul DiMaggio introduced this notion in 1988. Based on a systematic selection and analysis of articles, the paper outlines an emerging consensus on the definition and process of institutional entrepreneurship. It also presents the enabling conditions that have been previously identified and reviews the research methods that have been applied to the study of institutional entrepreneurship. Finally, based on this analysis, this paper highlights future directions for research on this topic. Researchers may use this paper to build targeted and sophisticated research designs that add value to the emerging body of literature on institutional entrepreneurship. Keywords: Institutional Entrepreneur, Institutional Change, Paradox of Embedded Agency URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6705 Files in this item: 1
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Hull Kristensen, Peer; Lotz, Maja (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper suggests that it is time to take the agency of teams seriously. Whereas the debate has previously focused on how firms may function more effectively by using team-based work-organization, our aim is to discuss and understand how teams effect the evolutionary dynamic of companies. Fieldwork in four Danish manufacturing companies helped us discover that firms as “communities of teams” are highly dynamic entities with complex layers of different team forms that operate, innovate and improve by constantly recombining work, collaborating across organizational divisions and redistributing authority, thereby challenging some of the existing “idioms” of team research and theories of the firm. The paper builds on these findings as we attempt to rethink research on teams by re-describing the evolutionary dynamics of firms and suggesting some themes that call for comparative research. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8205 Files in this item: 1
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[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8004 Files in this item: 1
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The Place Branding of Denmark and SingaporeOoi, Can-Seng (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Place branding has become popular. Places brand themselves to attract tourists, talented foreign workers, investments and businesses. The brand accentuates the positive characteristics of the place; it frames the society and sells its cultures. In the context of tourism, this paper examines the branding strategies of two very different countries – Denmark and Singapore. In Singapore, the convergence between the brand message and the place reality is frequently engineered by creating new brand-related products. In Denmark, the brand tries to communicate an existing local reality; it wants to present a prevailing reality. To the Danes, the brand is descriptive and should portray the country in a positive and accurate manner. To the Singaporeans, the brand is normative and a vision of what Singaporean society ought to become. These countries share common goals when branding themselves but their branding strategies are different, why? This paper situates their strategic differences in the local social, cultural and political context. Although country branding is externally directed, domestic politics and mechanisms of local control affect how the country can brand itself. Keywords: place branding, branding strategies, Denmark, Singapore, tourism, destination URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7393 Files in this item: 1
cdp 2006-009.pdf (157.1Kb) -
a narratological perspective on international acquisitionSøderberg, Anne-Marie; Cardel Gertsen, Martine (Frederiksberg, 2000)[More information][Less information]
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Raimondos-Møller, Pascalis; Kreickemeier, Udo (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Reducing tariffs and increasing consumption taxes is a standard IMF advice to countries that want to open up their economy without hurting government finances. Indeed, theoretical analysis of such a tariff-tax reform shows an unambiguous increase in welfare and government revenues. The present paper examines whether the country that implements such a reform ends up opening up its markets to international trade, i.e. whether its market access improves. It is shown that this is not necessarily so. We also show that, comparing to the reform of only tariffs, the tariff-tax reform is a less efficient proposal to follow both as far as it concerns market access and welfare. JEL code: F13, H20. Keywords: Market access; tariff reform, consumption tax reform. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7629 Files in this item: 1
wp6-2006.pdf (149.3Kb) -
The Economic and Artistic Constitution of a Social PhenomenonWymann, Christian (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
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A Useful Way of Burning MoneyBechmann, Ken L.; Raaballe, Johannes (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Firms pay out cash using both dividends and share repurchases. In many aspects these two means are similar, but one important difference is that dividends are generally taxed more heavily than share repurchases. Nevertheless firms persist in paying out large amounts in dividends. This paper provides an explanation for this dividend puzzle by developing a class of signaling models violating the "single-crossing" property in which information about the quality of the firm is asymmetric between the management and the shareholders. In these models a high-quality firm can always signal its quality by using share repurchases only. However, in certain cases share repurchases become costlier on the margin for a high-quality firm than for a low-quality imitator. In such cases, the high-quality firm signals most cost efficiently by means of a combination of share repurchases and taxable cash dividends financed by the issuance of new shares. Taxable cash dividends financed by the issuance of new shares then can be considered a positive kind of money burning whose role is to signal a firm’s high quality. The implications of the models are consistent with several important empirical facts about dividends and share repurchases. Thus, this paper’s main contribution is to examine a range of new signaling models that provides a role for taxable cash dividends and share repurchases and to derive their empirical implications. Key words: Dividends, Share Repurchases, Signaling, Single-Crossing Property, Money Burning JEL Classification: G35, D82 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7156 Files in this item: 1
ken_bechmann_wp_elektronisk_samlet.pdf (203.9Kb) -
Lund, Diderik (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Abstract Lund (2002a) showed in a CAPM-type model how tax depreciation schedules affect required expected returns after taxes. Even without leverage higher tax rates implied lower betas when tax deductions were risk free. Here they are risky, and marginal investment is taxed together with inframarginal in an analytical model of decreasing returns. With imperfect loss offset tax claims are analogous to call options. The beta of equity is still decreasing in the tax rate, but increasing in the underlying volatility. The results are important if market data are used to infer required expected returns, and in discussions of tax design. Keywords: Corporate tax, depreciation, imperfect loss offset, decreasing returns, cost of capital, uncertainty URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7643 Files in this item: 1
wpec022003.pdf (341.1Kb) -
Keuschnigg, Christian; Nielsen, Søren Bo (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In recent years, venture capital has increasingly become a factor in the financing of new firms. We examine how the value of mature firms determines the incentives of entrepreneurs to start up new firms and of venture capitalists to finance and advise them. We examine how capital gains taxes as well as subsidies to start-up costs of new firms affect venture capital-backed entrepreneurship. We also argue that dividend and capital gains taxes on mature firms have important consequences for start-up firms as well. JEL Classification: D82, G24, H24 and H25 Keywords: double moral hazard, entrepreneurship, taxes and venture capital URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7592 Files in this item: 1
cepr nr. 4097.pdf (464.2Kb) -
Raimondos-Møller, Pascalis; Schjelderup, Guttorm; Nielsen, Søren Bo (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We examine how a multinational’s choice to centralize or de-centralize its decision structure is affected by country tax differentials. Within a simple model that emphasizes the multiple conflicting roles of transfer prices in MNEs — here, as a strategic pre-commitment device and a tax manipulation instrument —, we show that decentralization is preferred in case of small tax differentials, whereas centralization can be more profitable, when tax differentials are large. In essence, the organizational flexibility of MNEs is triggered by the scope for tax minimization. Our analysis allows for both commitment and non-commitment to transfer prices, and for alternative modes of competition. Keywords: Centralized vs. de-centralized decisions, taxes, transfer prices, MNEs. JEL-Classification: H25, F23, L23. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7509 Files in this item: 1
wp7-2006.pdf (234.3Kb) -
Keuschnigg, Christian; Nielsen, Søren Bo (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In this paper we set up a model of start-up finance under double moral hazard. Entrepreneurs lack own resources and business experience to develop their ideas. Venture capitalists can provide start-up finance and commercial support. The effort put forth by either agent contributes to the firm’s success, but is not verifiable. As a result, the market equilibrium is biased towards inefficiently low venture capital support. The capital gains tax becomes especially harmful, as it further impairs advice and causes a first-order welfare loss. Once the capital gains tax is in place, limitations on loss off-set may paradoxically contribute to higher quality of venture capital finance and welfare. Subsidies to physical investment in VC-backed startups are detrimental in our framework. Keywords: Venture capital, capital gains taxation, double moral hazard. JEL-Classification: D82, G24, H24, H25 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6821 Files in this item: 1
wplefic032003.pdf (694.8Kb) -
GreenlandVesterø Jensen, Carsten; Nielsen, Søren Bo (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper provides an assessment of Greenland's tax system and contemplates changes that may be undertaken in the future to prepare for greater economic self-reliance and for the country's participation in the wider world economy. At the outskirts of Europe, Greenland is an autonomous part of the Danish kingdom, though currently not a member of EU. However, its cooperation with European countries and its dependency on international trade renders it necessary for the tax system in Greenland to be attuned to developments in the rest of the world. Drawing on a thorough international benchmarking analysis of Greenland's tax system, the paper's special focus will be on the corporate tax system and its interplay with personal taxation, as well on as the system of import duties. In particular, we carry out computations of effective marginal and average corporate tax rates, as well as average effective tax burdens on consumption, labour income and capital income, and compare these to similar measures for EU countries. In addition, we outline how Greenland's economic policy in other areas interferes with tax policy. Especially fishery regulation, management of government-owned companies, and housing policy have major implications for the tax system. Key words: international benchmarking, effective tax rates, Greenland JEL: H20, H25 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7595 Files in this item: 1
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Nielsen, Søren Bo; Raimondos-Møller, Pascalis; Schjelderup, Guttorm (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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Affectivity, schooling and poverty in MexicoBlasco, Maribel (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Lotz, Maja (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In this paper I explore the constructive links between co-operation, rivalry, and learning within the structure of team communities. Drawing upon social learning theory, the main purpose of this paper is to argue that both co-operation and rivalry are important triggers for mobilizing learning processes within and between teams. However, social learning theory tends to disregard the positive aspects of rivalry. Consequently, this paper will argue for the need to extend social learning theory beyond its rather harmonious learning perspective. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7369 Files in this item: 1
wp cbp 2008-55.pdf (340.5Kb) -
Foss, Nicolai J. (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: A concern with teams was central to early attempts to grasp the nature of the firm, but fell out of favor in later work. We encourage a return to the emphasis on teams, but argue that the idea of teams as central to the nature of the firm needs to be grounded in an appreciation of the importance of We frames and group agency. We use converging insights from evolutionary anthropology, cognitive social psychology and work on team agency to develop such a grounding, and link it to the issues of the existence and boundaries of firms. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8362 Files in this item: 1
Nicolai_J_Foss_SMG_2011.pdf (345.3Kb)