Browsing Research documents by Title
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Foss, Nicolai Juul (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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Why Docility Evolves to Breed Successful AltruismKnudsen, Thorbjørn (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In light of the under-explored potential of Simon’s theory of altruism, the purpose of the present article is to review his explanation of altruism and to point out some of its implications for behavioural economics and theories of economic organization. In the course of the argument, this article relates Simon’s theory of altruism to Hamilton’s theory of kinship selection and then proceeds to examine a critical assumption of Simon’s model that social organizations know better than individuals. Within the parameters of Simon’s own model, the paper suggests how this assumption can be justified. The paper concludes by noting that Simon offered a new and so far under-explored mechanism for the emergence of altruism in biological populations and suggests a controlled experiment to test Simon’s explanation against Hamilton’s. Finally, it is noteworthy that Simon’s theory has immediate implications for the understanding of human nature that invites revision and development of behavioural economics and theories of economic organization. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6898 Files in this item: 1
linkwp02-21.pdf (101.9Kb) -
Nielsen, Søren Bo (København, 1998)[More information][Less information]
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- analysed through costume and movement in Crouching Tiger, Hidden DragonSkov, Lise (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
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analysed through costume and movement in Crouching Tiger, Hidden DragonSkov, Lise (, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In this essay, I wish to examine the relation between body, movement and costume in Chinese martial arts film. I propose to see fight choreography as dance, and I rush to say that this is a totally unoriginal claim on my part; practically any book or commentary on the martial arts genre will use the word dance, either literally or evocatively. There are good reasons for this, as I will discuss below. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7778 Files in this item: 1
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Ooi, Can-Seng; Gomez, James (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6623 Files in this item: 1
working paper int_can-seng ooi_2-1.pdf (57.15Kb) -
Lando, Henrik (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The paper argues that society should vary the sanction applied to a criminal defendant with the weight of the evidence against him or her. This is optimal when it is costly for society to apply sanctions, since it can yield the same degree of deterrence while requiring fewer resources to be spent on sanctioning. Furthermore, when the unfairness of convicting an innocent defendant increases with the size of the sanction, this provides a further rationale for graduating sanctions with the probability of guilt. Some objections are briefly discussed, mainly that it is inherently unfair to apply different sanctions on people, who have committed the same offense, and that the legal system will lose legitimacy if it allows sanctions to vary in the way suggested. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6820 Files in this item: 1
wplefic082004.pdf (289.7Kb) -
Lund, Lars (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Processing ashore of raw materials from the fisheries tend intuitively to recommend itself because more creation of value added in this manner should take place in Greenland. However, we observe the opposite tendency: production is shifted aboard on factory trawlers and catches are shipped directly to export markets or may be so after transshipping in e.g. Nuuk. It is shown that this actual development indeed is the prediction of location economics. In the case of unemployment it may be optimal to secure raw materials for processing on plants ashore, an aim that may be achieved via subsidies. The optimality of such policy is discussed using concepts from cost benefit analysis, and it is demonstrated how the shadow price of labor has a crucial role. Shifting to the macro level capacity restrictions on plants and on the labor market are pointed out. The effect of taking raw material ashore is illustrated with a macro production function, which is assumed to have a positive marginal product until the capacity limit is hit. This, however, may take place after the noninflationary augmenting level of employment has been reached. Finally the possibility of alternative and better policies than the one relying on subsidies is touched upon. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7570 Files in this item: 1
wpec012004.pdf (323.5Kb) -
notat til udvalget om skat og internationaliseringBlomgren-Hansen, Niels (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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Theoretical Concepts, Empirical Problems and a Survey of the EvidenceSanders, Mark, Bas ter Weel (Frederiksberg, 2000)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The structure of wages and employment has shifted against the low-skilled in many OECD countries over the last decade. Many authors have attributed this shift to the impact of new technologies, and or technical change in general. This paper investigates and structures the growing body of literature on skill-biased technical change (SBTC) by first presenting a model in which SBTC is formalised and decomposed into factor and sector biases of technical change. We show that as we go down to the job level the scope for pure within unit-skill bias decreases and between-unit effects explain the within-unit effects detected at higher aggregation levels. Second, we address some potential sources of skill bias, which are learning, R&D, human capital formation, organisational change and the introduction of new general purpose technologies. Finally we present some conceptual and practical problems we encounter when studying SBTC empirically. We conclude with a survey of selected empirical literature on the subject and discuss the results in light of the empirical and theoretical problems pointed out above. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8079 Files in this item: 1
8778730929.pdf (303.0Kb) -
A Disaggregate PerspectiveMalchow-Møller, Nikolaj; Skaksen, Jan Rose (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Skill-Biased Technological Change in Denmark: A Disaggregate Perspective* In this paper, we provide an industry-level analysis of skill-biased technological change (SBTC) in Denmark over the last two decades. The analysis shows that SBTC has varied considerably across industries, and traditionally large Danish industries have experienced relatively less SBTC. This may partly explain why wage inequality between skilled and less skilled has risen less in Denmark than in other countries. We also find that SBTC has been concentrated in already skill-intensive industries. This contains important information about future labour requirements, as the relative importance of these industries must be expected to grow, thereby reinforcing the shift in demand for skilled labour. JEL Classification: J24, J31, L6 Keywords: skill-biased technological change, Danish industries URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7549 Files in this item: 1
dp752.pdf (762.4Kb) -
Larsen, Birthe (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper examines the implications of that workers may not be able to estimate their true costs of acquiring skills. Consequently, too few workers may acquire skills. This allows for the possibility that subsidizing education is welfare improving. Furthermore, if the presence of skill-biased technological shocks increase unemployment, this may explain why the market it-self cannot respond to this by making it sufficiently attractive to acquire skills. Consequently, the trade-off in-between subsidizing education and thereby reducing unemployment and optimizing welfare may be eliminated. We analyse this issue in a simple educational model and next in a search equilibrium model including a skill choice decision. Keywords: Education, subsidies, efficiency, unemployment. JEL codes: I20, J64. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7593 Files in this item: 1
wpec172004.pdf (269.2Kb) -
Country-of-Origin or End-Use of Products.Sørensen, Anders (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper investigates the empirical consequences for the relationship between skill upgrading and internationalization by decomposing import after country-of-origin and after the end-use of products. I find that the break-down after country-of-origin is of crucial importance, implying that international trade with low-wage countries leads to comprehensive skill upgrading, whereas international trade with high-wage countries leads to skill downgrading in Danish Manufacturing. The empirical literature on skill-upgrading and internationalization has mainly focused on international outsourcing and has to a large extent disregarded import penetration. By splitting import after country-of-origin, this reintroduces import penetration as an important explanation for skill upgrading. skill upgrading, import, country-of-origin, end-use of products URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7686 Files in this item: 1
artikel 19.pdf (143.0Kb) -
Hvidbog om international forskning inden for skoleledelseRatner, Helene (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7953 Files in this item: 1
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The Power of Imperfect PrinciplesKreiner, Kristian (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The computer IC is the heart of the information and telecommunication technology. It is a tiny artifact, but with incredible organizing powers. We use this physical artifact as the location for studying central problems of the knowledge economy. First, the paper describes the history of chip design and the emergence of the technological community involved in designing and manufacturing computer chips. The community is structured in a way that reflects the underlying physical nature silicon and the numerous other materials and chemicals involved. But it also reflects the human agency of defining new projects, of visioning the liberation from atoms, of committing to travel many detours in the labyrinths of development, and of perceiving and exploring the affordance that new technologies hide. Some of these characteristics are analyzed empirically in a case study of designing a chip for a digitalized hearing instrument. It is found that technological progress is not hindered, but rather aided by the use of imperfect principles, abstractions and representations of reality. The power of such imperfections is discussed and generalized. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6683 Files in this item: 1
2005-04_kk.pdf (150.0Kb) -
The paradox of the Danish and Irish Responses to the Financial CrisisCampbell, John L.; Hall, John (Frederiksberg, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper presents a paradox to the “Varieties of Capitalism” school of comparative political economy. Proponents of this approach typically describe Denmark as a coordinated market economy in which the state works with centralized corporatist institutions to coordinate economic activity. In contrast, Ireland is seen as a liberal market economy in which state intervention is limited and corporatism largely absent, with market forces dominating economic activity instead (Hall and Soskice 2001, p. 19; Soskice 2007). This leads one to expect that the Danish state would have shouldered the costs of rescuing the banking sector during the financial crisis, which began in 2008, while private actors in Ireland would have done so. Yet the opposite was true. Resolving this paradox requires attention to literatures that rarely speak to each other. The first concerns size. Katzenstein (1985) argued that small states are especially vulnerable due to their dependence on international trade and their need to navigate geopolitical seas dominated by larger states (see also Cameron 1978; Garrett 1998; Jones 2008). Fear concentrates minds whilst small size allows close linkages. There was an elective affinity between this situation and corporatism—defined best as a centralized system of interest groups, decision making through continous political bargaining between business, labor, the state, and political parties, and a national ideology of social partnership. Much has been written about the first two points (e.g., Becker and Schwartz 2005; Hemerijck et al. 2000; Ó Riain 2004; Schwartz 1994, 2001), but little about the ideology of social partnership. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8921 Files in this item: 1
Campbell_2014.pdf (187.8Kb) -
A Multi-lingual Speech Corpus for Cognitive ResearchJuel Henrichsen, Peter; Uneson, Marcus (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We present the speech corpus SMALLWorlds (Spoken Multi-lingual Accounts of Logically Limited Worlds), newly established and still growing. SMALLWorlds contains monologic descriptions of scenes or worlds which are simple enough to be formally describable. The descriptions are instances of content-controlled monologue: semantically “pre-specified” but still bearing most hallmarks of spontaneous speech (hesitations and filled pauses, relaxed syntax, repetitions, self-corrections, incomplete constituents, irrelevant or redundant information, etc.) as well as idiosyncratic speaker traits. In the paper, we discuss the pros and cons of data so elicited. Following that, we present a typical SMALLWorlds task: the description of a simple drawing with differently coloured circles, squares, and triangles, with no hints given as to which description strategy or language style to use. We conclude with an example on how SMALLWorlds may be used: unsupervised lexical learning from phonetic transcription. At the time of writing, SMALLWorlds consists of more than 250 recordings in a wide range of typologically diverse languages from many parts of the world, some unwritten and endangered. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8618 Files in this item: 1
Peter_Juel_Henrichsen_2012_2.pdf (172.0Kb) -
Gregoric, Aleksandra; Kosak, Marko (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper investigates bank-borrower relationships in an advanced transition country. The empirical analysis is based on a unique dataset of 121 privatized small and medium-sized Slovenian corporations in the first years following the end of the banking sector’s reorganization (1998–2002). The results reveal the strong dominance of bank funding for small and medium-sized enterprises. Despite this, the firms included in the study are characterized by a small number of bank relationships. The specifics of the transition are moreover reflected in the substantial role of fixed assets that can be put up as collateral. However, the number of bank relationships relates to similar factors that have been proven to influence the number of firm-bank relationships in developed countries. We thus expect that the number of bank relationships in Slovenia will increase with the progress of restructuring and privatization of the enterprise sector and with the integration of financial markets following Slovenia’s entry to the European Union. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6562 Files in this item: 1
wp8-2007.pdf (272.4Kb) -
Poutvaara, Panu; Siemers, Lars (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We study the social interaction of non-smokers and smokers as a sequential game, incorporating insights from social psychology and experimental economics into an economic model. Social norms a®ect human behavior such that non-smokers do not ask smokers to stop smoking and stay with them, even though disutility from smoking exceeds utility from social interaction. Overall, smoking is unduly often accepted when accommodating smoking is the social norm. The introduction of smoking and non-smoking areas does not overcome this speci¯c ine±ciency. We conclude that smoking bans may represent a required (second-best) policy. smoking policy, health, social norms, guilt aversion, social interaction URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7702 Files in this item: 1
artikel 14.pdf (283.5Kb) -
Fomin, Vladislav V. (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Development and advancement of Information Society in on agenda of many nationstates today. As scholars, we can contribute to the effort by attempting to reconcile to the official rhetoric with the real life situations of "netizens". This paper is inspired by the publication of Leonard Jessup and Daniel Robey [2002], in wich the authors use anecdotes to demonstrate what advanced service possibilities are afforded by ubiquitous technology as contrasted to the residue of social behavior.This story illustrates that the succes of establishing Information Society should not be measured by the number of available services to citizens over the wireline and mobile Internet. The ultimate measure for success must be the extent to which poeple are aware about the availability of relevant content and are using the services [Daniel and Wilson, 2003, p.285]. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6486 Files in this item: 1
06_2006.pdf (798.1Kb)