Browsing Research documents by Title
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Rose, Caspar (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Møllgaard, Peter (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Forbrugerrådet og Konkurrence- og Forbrugerstyrelsen har bedt CEBR om at udarbejde studie af den eksisterende1 litteratur om sammenhængen mellem forbruger- og konkurrencepolitik og produktivitet, vækst og velfærd. Målet har været at lave en empirisk og policy-orienteret oversigt, der har leverandørskift og gennemsigtighed som de overordnede indgangsvinkler, selvom også de traditionelle typer forbrugerbeskyttelse (fx fortrydelsesret og klagesystem) som påvirker forbrugerens adfærd i købsøjeblikket behandles. Litteraturgennemgangen kortlægger de kanaler, hvormed forbrugerne påvirker økonomiens performance; identificerer de mest oplagte virkemidler for konkurrence- og forbrugerpolitik; og giver eksempler på forbrugernes rolle i forhold til økonomisk performance. Aktive og kompetente forbrugere er en forudsætning for at få konkurrencen på et marked til at fungere, så varerne bliver billigere og/eller bedre. Hvis forbrugerne ikke reagerer på pris eller kvalitet, er der ikke megen grund til, at leverandørerne skal lægge sig i selen for at levere varer med et rimeligt forhold mellem kvalitet og pris. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8577 Files in this item: 1
Moellgaard_2011.pdf (799.3Kb) -
en sociologi om kendsgerninger, karakker og kammuslingerElgaard Jensen, Torben (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Lad os forestille os, at man som studerende eller forsker nærmer sig en ny teori. Man har nu både hårdt arbejde og en række forvirrende episoder foran sig. Indledningsvis vil man typisk møde den nye teori som en lukket kasse. Man er selv placeret udenfor, men man kan konstatere eller få fortalt, at kassen gør bestemte ting. For eksempel kan man få at vide, at kassen/teorien tager bestemte typer af data ind og sender bestemte typer af forklaringer ud. I et optimistisk øjeblik tænker man måske, at det er relativt entydigt, hvad teorien handler om. Men denne fornemmelse af klarhed varer kun kort. Når man kommer lidt tættere på, opdager man at teorien ikke er én ting, men flere. Der er flere områder, flere væsentlige forfattere og flere varianter af teorien. Dertil kommer, at teorien er karakteriseret ved bestemte relationer: Nogle områder, forfattere og varianter hænger tydeligvis tæt sammen, mens andre har mindre med hinanden at gøre. Det kræver hårdt arbejde at få overblik over disse relationer, men det kan lade sig gøre. Man begynder at sætte pris på review-artikler, og man må i gang med at læse de nøgletekster, som mange refererer til. Efter en ihærdig indsats kan man langsomt vinde klarheden tilbage. Man synes, man er ved at have greb om teorien. Man får måske endda fornemmelsen af at have den i sin hule hånd. Men præcis på dette tidspunkt begynder tingene at glide igen. Man opdager til sin overraskelse - og måske rædsel - at teorien faktisk ikke ligner en lukket kasse. Teorien er i vid udstrækning bygget på et udvalg af ældre teorier, som til lejligheden er blevet fortolket og anvendt på en særlig måde. Desuden er teorien er udviklet i samspil og konflikt med en række samtidige teorier. Teorien har således en livlig og betydningsfuld udenrigspolitik, som man helt har overset fordi man havde travlt med at orientere sig i indenrigspolitikken. De to former for politik kan som bekendt ikke skilles ad, så nu åbner der sig igen en ny horisont: Hvis man skal finde ud af, hvad teorien er, må man opspore dens forbindelser til et sæt af forudgående og samtidige teorier. Hvordan kan man beskrive et fænomen, der i visse øjeblikke ligner en lukket kasse, men som ved nærmere eftersyn består af et uafgrænseligt virvar af elementer og relationer? Dette er i al sin enkelthed og i al sin kompleksitet, hvad aktør-netværksteori (ANT) beskæftiger sig med. ANT er en teori om teorier. Men ANT er også en teori om teknologi, videnskab, sociale aktører, samfund, natur og magt. Alle disse fænomener analyseres med den samme begrebsramme, nemlig den som er antydet i indledningen. Som en første approksimation kan vi sige, at aktørnetværksteori drejer sig om at tænke i punkter og forbindelser fremfor i kasser. I det følgende vil jeg introducere aktørnetværksteori på fra flere forskellige vinkler. Først vil jeg optegne nogle vigtige relationer til andre teoretiske traditioner (udenrigspolitikken) og de væsentligste dele af ANT (indenrigspolitikken). Herefter vil jeg indkredse den særlige analysestrategi som ANT står for. Hvordan analyserer man aktør-netværk? Hvad er de vigtigste analytiske redskaber og fremgangsmåder? og hvad betyder det, at tænke på denne måde? I kapitlets anden del vil jeg gennemgå et antal klassiske ANT-analyser. Formålet med denne gennemgang er dels at give et indtryk af ANTs empiriske og teoretiske bidrag, dels at vise analysestrategien i praksis. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6689 Files in this item: 1
papers in organization, no. 48, 2003.pdf (241.4Kb) -
Foss, Nicolai J.; Klein, Peter G. (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper offers a critical perspective on Israel Kirzner’s basic analytical framework. Specifically, we characterize Kirzner’s emphasis on processes of equilibration as a departure from the causal-realist price theory developed by Menger and his nineteenth- and twentieth-century followers. In this context, we contrast Kirzner’s interpretation of entrepreneurship as discovery with a more realistic, and operationally meaningful, idea of entrepreneurship as action. Finally, we discuss an inconsistency in Kirzner’s treatment of the antecedents of entrepreneurial behavior. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8029 Files in this item: 1
CBS_Forskningsindberetning_SMG_247.pdf (249.8Kb) -
In contrast to the Relevance Theory of CommunicationGlückstad, Fumiko Kano (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: As the role of ontology in a multilingual setting becomes important to Semantic Web development, it becomes necessary to understand and model how an original conceptual meaning of a Source Language word is conveyed into a Target Language translation. Terminological ontology [1] is a tool used for knowledge sharing and domain-specific translation, and could potentially be suitable for simulating the cognitive models explaining real-world inter-cultural communication scenarios. In this paper, a framework referred to as the Relevance Theory of Communication [2] is contrasted to an empirical study applying Tversky´s contrast model [3] to datasets obtained from the terminological ontology. The results indicate that the alignment of two language-dependent terminological ontologies is a potential method for optimizing the relevance required in inter-cultural communication, in other words, for identifying corresponding concepts existing in two remote cultures. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8911 Files in this item: 1
Gluckstad_2011.pdf (320.6Kb) -
How Managers in Multinational Corporations perceive Stakeholders and Societal ResponsibilitiesRahbek Pedersen, Esben (, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The stakeholder approach has become a popular perspective in mainstream management and corporate social responsibility (CSR) literature. However, it remains an open question how real‐life managers actually view their stakeholders and what rationales are used for making judgments about their relative importance. This article will try to answer these questions by examining who managers in multinational corporations (MNCs) consider as their stakeholders and how they value them. It is concluded that managers still tend to hold a rather narrow (managerial) view of the firm and primarily give priority to stakeholder groups which are directly involved in the core transformation system. The conclusions are derived from interviews and surveys of in total 662 managers in four MNCs. The data is collected as part of RESPONSE: a large EU‐ and corporate‐funded initiative on corporate social responsibility (CSR). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7936 Files in this item: 1
wp cbscsr 2009-5.pdf (567.6Kb) -
An empirical investigation into the alliance capability development processHeimeriks, Koen H.; Duysters, Geert (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This study centers around the way in which firms can enhance alliance performance through the development of alliance capabilities. Whereas most research has focused on inter-firm antecedents of alliance performance, research on intra-firm antecedents pointing to prior experience and internal mechanisms to foster knowledge transfer has only recently emerged. As little is known about how firms develop alliance capabilities, this study aims to uncover how differences in sources of alliance capability development explain performance heterogeneity. The data come from a detailed survey held among alliance managers and Vice-Presidents of 151 firms. The survey covers over 2600 alliances for the period 1997-2001. This study not only finds that alliance capabilities partially mediate between alliance experience and alliance performance, but also yields novel insights into the micro-level building blocks underlying the process of alliance capability development. Key words: alliances, learning, knowledge transfer, alliance experience. JEL classification: L14 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7436 Files in this item: 1
smg-wp-12-2005.pdf (436.2Kb) -
Valentin, Finn; Dahlgren, Henrich (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This study examines R&D-alliances in the biotech sector, where they are particularly prevalent. A novel typology is offered of different alliance types, based on a twodimensional distinction between partners, by their value-chain position, and the direction of alliance deliverables. Using a unique dataset covering all firms specialised in Drug Discovery (DDFs) in Denmark and Sweden in the 1997 to 2004 timeframe, we measure financial performance by the value achieved by the DDF in the financing round immediately subsequent to alliance formation and find divergent effects on financial performance across alliance types. Prior literature has given particular attention to those alliances with large pharmaceutical partners which DDFs enter to collaborate on and to out-license projects from their pipeline. Based on property rights arguments prior studies found that such alliances entered by DDFs subject to capital scarcity detract from their value. We find capital scarcity to have the opposite effect, and offer the explanation that each advance in a drug development project notably increases its value, hence incentivizing the DDF to strain its financial resources to take the project as far as possible before out-licensing it to a pharma partner. For this reason, capital scarcity emerges as the condition, under which pharma alliances are brought to higher levels of value. Concurrently, as financial resources approach exhaustion, the DDF must attract the interest of a pharma-partner with requisite needs. These requirements translate into a complex alignment of burn rates, research achievements and search for best match amongst potential pharma partners. Therefore the capability of a Top Management Team (TMT) to produce this alignment at the right time is exposed to investors more clearly as an attribute of 3 alliances subject to capital scarcity. The resultant increase in investor confidence in the TMT is an additional factor behind the comparatively higher valuations produced by alliances entered under conditions of scarcity. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6774 Files in this item: 1
wp01-2007.pdf (169.7Kb) -
An Eye-tracking and Key-logging StudyHvelplund, Kristian Tangsgaard (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This study is an empirical investigation of translators’ allocation of cognitive resources, and its specific aim is to identify predictable behaviours and patterns of uniformity in translators’ allocation of cognitive resources in translation. The study falls within the process-oriented translation paradigm and within the more general field of cognitive psychology. Based on models of working memory, attentional control, language comprehension and language production, a theoretical framework was developed on which hypotheses were formulated and evaluated. The study’s empirical investigation fell into three major analyses, which each dealt with one aspect of translators’ allocation of cognitive resources: distribution of cognitive resources, management of cognitive resources and cognitive load. Three indicators were identified: total attention duration (TA duration measured in seconds) indicates the distribution of cognitive resources; attention unit duration (AU duration measured in milliseconds) indicates the amount of time allocated between two attention shifts; and pupil size (measured in millimetres) indicates cognitive load, i.e. workload on working memory.... URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8314 Files in this item: 1
Kristian_T_Hvelplund_SL.pdf (4.820Mb) -
The Politics of Wildlife in Infrastructure ConstructionSage, Daniel; Dainty, Andy; Tryggestad, Kjell; Justesen, Lise; Mouritsen, Jan (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Across many construction projects, and especially infrastructure projects, efforts to mitigate the potential loss of biodiversity and habitat are significant, and at times controversial. In our paper we do not propose to gauge the success or failure of this effort; rather we are interested in fleshing out some conceptual approaches via Actor- Network Theory through which infrastructure projects can start to address a series of overlooked questions. Some of these questions are firmly located within the realm of construction project management: are animals considered project risks or stakeholders; is wildlife always simply a retrospective cost to a project or can it proactively benefit a project, can we ever manage wildlife, and if so how? These questions in turn lead us to engage with wider debates found in the margins between the social and biological sciences on the distinction between Nature and Politics: to what extent should we seek a place for animals in politics and how can we live with them ethically. Thus far, very little research has addressed the interplay of humans and animals within construction projects. Instead those interested in the politics and ethics of human-animal relations, or Animal Studies, have focussed far more on stable and contained sites, whether organisations like zoos, farms or laboratories, or other places like homes and parks. These largely ethnographic studies inevitably perhaps downplay the unplanned, unexpected and highly politically and ethically charged collision of hitherto rather separate human and animal geographies. Yet, as we argue here, it is often along such colliding spaces, where animal geographies are unexpectedly found at the heart of human projects, that we ask and answer many of the above questions around our respect and response to both animals, and indeed other humans. In this paper we will examine such encounters conceptually, with reference to two infrastructure projects, and discuss their relevance to both construction project management and broader work on the politics of animals. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8849 Files in this item: 1
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Foss, Nicolai J. (København, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The emergence over the last two decades or so of "knowledge” as an important part of the explanatory structure of management research is an intellectual breakthrough that is comparable in terms of its transforming impact to the behavioral revolution of the 1960s. A veritable "knowledge movement” has emerged that spans several fields in management. I take stock on alternative research strategies with that movement, distinguishing between "capabilities first”, "networks first” and "individuals first” strategies. Reasons are given why more research attention need to be allocated to the latter strategy if the knowledge movement is to continue making progress, but that the aim should ultimately be to reach towards multi-level research that combines aggregate constructs with top-down processes and bottom-up processes. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7449 Files in this item: 1
smg wp 2009-01.pdf (238.2Kb) -
Employees’ ambiguous perceptions of diversityRisberg, Annette; Just, Sine Nørholm (, 2014)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9040 Files in this item: 1
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A View from the Sociology of CritiquePresskorn-Thygesen, Thomas (Frederiksberg, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This article examines the forms of mobility that characterize contemporary work life. In doing so, it applies the theoretical framework associated with Luc Boltanski’s sociology of critique (Boltanski, 2012 [1990]; Boltanski and Thévenot, 2006 [1991]) and argues that this framework offers a fruitful and important perspective in conceptualizing and understanding the forms of mobility that are becoming increasingly prevalent in today’s knowledge work. The sociology of critique allows one to chart the economic and historical conditions of mobility critically, while its sociology of morals also allows us to explore the distinctly normative side of new forms of mobility without succumbing to a celebratory picture of work-related mobility. More specifically and in the context of the ‘kinetic elite’, the article explores how Boltanski and Chiapello’s (2005) analysis of a ‘projective order of worth’ can help us understand the attractiveness of constantly being ‘on the move’. Qualitative data from three exemplars of this elite group of workers is used to illustrate how the ideal of being mobile is perceived as an often problematic imperative, but also as one which is nevertheless rewarding and worth living up to. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9238 Files in this item: 1
Thomas_Presskorn-Thygesen.pdf (295.5Kb) -
Mapping Controversies over a Potential Turn to Quality in Chinese Wind PowerKirkegaard, Julia Kirch (Frederiksberg, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The thesis inquires into dynamics and controversies of constructing a market for wind power in China. Inquiring into what the thesis dubs a quality crisis in Chinese wind power after years of high growth rates, and into a potential turn to quality, the thesis traces such current ambiguous winds of change with point of departure in the notion of global innovation networks (GINs). Thus, it looks into how international collaborations on critical components, such as software programmes, play a critical role in the qualification of wind power as a ‘sustainable’ renewable energy source. However, with a structural rather than micro-relational or processual lens, the existing GIN literature is claimed to be ill-equipped to grasp the genesis, dynamics, and agency of GINs. To fill this gap, the thesis develops a situational, constructivist framework based in Science and Technology Studies, which renders a processual and relational understanding of GINs as part and parcel of market construction. It does this by initially ‘looking away’ from the original metaphor of GINs, with the result of effectively reconceptualising it. This is done by illustrating the dynamics and the agency of GIN genesis through a mapping of controversies over issues of Intellectual Property Rights, standardisation, money, and cost and price calculations, entangled in a Chinese ‘system problem’ of stateowned actors and a Chinese experimental pragmatism of market construction, which has had unintended effects. Tracing one potential GIN taking shape around a critical component, the thesis also contributes to the GIN literature through a new methodological approach. Illustrating the potentially disruptive dynamics of GIN construction, and how the emerging GIN around software programmes possesses disruptive agency in regard to the framing of the emerging Chinese wind power market, the thesis sheds light on some of the socio-material work needed to construct and maintain GINs and the markets it co-constitutes and is co-constituted by, as well as the negotiated roles, identities, and positions of actors in a developmental context of China. The thesis coins the seemingly particular Chinese mode of market construction within wind power a fragmented and experimental ‘pragmatics of (green) market construction’, with its agile responses to emerging issues. Last, to overcome the dualism between structural and processual accounts, the thesis draws on the pragmatist notion of figuration (Elias, 1978). After demonstrating a potential figurational change reflected in the ongoing turn to quality, the thesis also considers the implications that the inquiry has for other related literatures, hereunder proposing a new research agenda for New Economic Sociology to understand market and GIN construction in a developmental context, which holds a promise for inquiring into China’s self- and other-disruptive, yet potentially path-creating modes of development and upgrading. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9116 Files in this item: 1
Julia_Kirch_Kirkegaard.pdf (4.905Mb) -
Johansen, Thomas Riise; Kiertzner, Lars (København, 2014)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9039 Files in this item: 1
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Hjort, Katrin Erna (København, 1996)[More information][Less information]
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Glückstad, Fumiko Kano; Herlau, Tue; Schmidt, Mikkel N.; Mørup, Morten; Rzepka, Rafal; Araki, Kenji (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper analyzes patterns of conceptualizations possessed by different groups of subjects. The eventual goal of this work is to dynamically learn and structure semantic representations for groups of people sharing domain knowledge. In this paper, we conduct a survey for collecting data representing semantic representations of 34 subjects with different profiles in gender and educational background. The collected data is analyzed by an approach combining two extended versions of the Infinite Relational Model (Kemp et al. 2006) [1]: multiarray Infinite Relational Model (Mørup et al. 2010) [2] and normal Infinite Relational Model (Herlau et al. 2012) [3]. Results indicate that the employed approach not only localizes similar patterns of conceptualization within a group of subjects having a common profile, but also identifies differences in conceptualization across different subject groups. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8918 Files in this item: 1
Fumiko_Glückstad.pdf (3.390Mb) -
A Social Constructivist ApproachNedergaard, Peter (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The paper is structured as follows: Section 2 summarizes the recent debate in the political science literature on analytical approaches to learning, which has gradually developed in a direction of being less and less individualistic. Section 3 follows up on this development and introduces a social constructivist approach to learning that redefines learning as changes in language-constituted relations to others. In section 4 this argument is elaborated into a model for mutual learning. Section 5 contains a qualitative analysis of the organisation of the EES in practice with regard to the possibilities of policy diffusion of the EES learning processes as predicted in the model in section 4. Section 6 deals with the conflictual views on the size and character of the learning processes of the EES in recent studies and proposes a new methodological path to investigate the mutual learning processes based upon a social constructivist approach. Section 7 is the conclusion of the article which sums up the examination of the both the various approaches to learning analysed in the paper and the evaluation of the possibilities of policy diffusion resulting from the learning processes. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7328 Files in this item: 1
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Mesa-Lao, Bartolomé; Carl, Michael (Edinburgh, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In this work package, we evaluate the CASMACAT workbench in eld trials to study the use of the workbench in a real-world environment. We will also integrate the workbench into com- munity translation platforms and collect user activity data from both eld trials and volunteer translators. This Deliverable covers Tasks 6.1 and 6.2. Task 6.1: Field trials at translation agency. Three annual eld trials to evaluate the CASMACAT workbench in a real-world professional translation environment. Task 6.2: Analysis of translator feedback and activity data. Collect feed-back of translators self-estimation through retrospective interviews and correlate this with the activity data. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9067 Files in this item: 1
Michael Carl_d6.1.pdf (481.5Kb) -
Iglesias, Eva Marcos; Pellegrino, Massimiliano; Carl, Michael; García-Martínez, Mercedes; Mesa-Lao, Bartolomé; Underwood, Nancy (Edinburgh, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In this work package, we evaluate the CasMaCat workbench in eld trials to study the use of the workbench in a real-world environment. We will also integrate the workbench into com- munity translation platforms and collect user activity data from both eld trials and volunteer translators. This Deliverable covers Tasks 6.1 and 6.2. Task 6.1: Three eld trials at a translation agency (Celer Soluciones SL)to evaluate the CasMaCat workbench in a real-world professional translation environment. Task 6.2: Analysis of translator feedback and activity data. Collection of feedback of trans- lators' self-estimation through retrospective interviews. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9061 Files in this item: 1
Michael Carl_d6.2.pdf (653.9Kb)