Browsing Department of Economics (ECON) by Title
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Larsen, Birthe; Waisman, Gisela (Frederiksberg, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We examine the impact of discrimination on labour market performance when workers are subject to a risk of losing skills during an unemployment experience. Within a search and matching framework, we show that both natives and immigrants are affected by discrimination. Discrimination in one sector has positive spill-overs, inducing employment to increase in the other sector and the effect on labour market performance therefore depends on whether discrimination is present in only one sector or in both sectors. Discrimination may induce workers to train more or less than natives after having lost their skills, dependent upon which sector there is discrimination. Net output tends to the be most negatively affected by discrimination among high-skilled workers. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9157 Files in this item: 1
wp_2-2015_Larsen_Waisman.pdf (1.231Mb) -
Larsen, Birthe; Waisman, Gisela (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We examine the impact of discrimination on labour market performance when workers are subject to a risk of losing skills during the experience of unemployment. Within a search and matching model, we show that all natives and immigrants are affected by discrimination. Discrimination in one sector has positive spillovers, inducing employment increases in the other sector. Discrimination may induce immigrants to train more or less than natives, depending on the sector where it is present. Welfare tends to be most negatively affected by discrimination among highproductivity workers. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8520 Files in this item: 1
Larsen_Waisman_wp2012-5.pdf (374.6Kb) -
Filges, Trine; Kennes, John; Larsen, Birthe; Tranæs, Torben (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper studies labour market policy in a society where differently gifted individuals can invest in training to further increase their labour market productivity and where the government seeks both effiency and equity. Frictions in the matching process create unemployment and differently skilled workers face different unemployment risks. We show that in such an environment, training programmes that are targeted to the unemployed complement passive transfers (UI benefits), unlike a general training subsidy. Combining passive subsidies with a training subsidy conditioned on the individual being unemployed (for a while) - the typical Active Labour Market Programme - implies a favorable trade-off between equity and efficiency which encourages high spending on training. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7511 Files in this item: 1
wp 2005.11equity.pdf (230.2Kb) -
the effect of the vote of confidence procedureBennedsen, Morten; Feldmann, Sven E. (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Delegation and Influence Under Alternative Political StructuresBennedsen, Morten; Feldmann, Sven E. (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper studies how interest group lobbying of the bureaucracy affects policy outcomes and how it changes the legislature’s willingness to delegate decision-making authority to the bureaucracy. We extend the standard model of delegation to account for interest group influence during the implementation stage of policy and apply it to different institutional structures of government. The paper addresses the following questions: First, how does the decision to delegate change when the bureaucratic agent is subject to external influence? What cost does this influence impose on the legislative principal? Finally, how susceptible are policy choices to bureaucratic lobbying under different government structures? In answering these questions, the paper seeks to provide a comparative theory of lobbying and to explain the different patterns of interest group activity across political systems. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7561 Files in this item: 1
wpec042004.pdf (256.8Kb) -
Bennedsen, Morten; Feldmann, Sven E. (København, 2000)[More information][Less information]
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Labour Market, Health Care and Prescription DrugsHøjbjerg Jacobsen, Rasmus (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper uses a register dataset for the entire Danish population to examine the effect of early motherhood on labour market measures, health care measures and family measures for the mothers and their offspring. The dataset is divided into three groups according to the age of the woman at the time of her first child delivery. Using standard cross-sectional econometric techniques the results show that very young mothers (aged 16-21) have significantly lower employment rates, higher propensity to receive welfare benefits and a lower wage income. Children of very young mothers have a higher family replacement rate, more services received from General Practitioners and a higher propensity to receive ADHD-medications. The majority of the effects reported are also significantly greater for mothers who were aged 22-25 at the birth of their first child compared to older mothers. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8377 Files in this item: 1
Rasmus_Hoejbjerg_Jacobsen_wp_2011.pdf (92.36Kb) -
problems, policies and prospectsAndersen, Torben M.; Hougaard Jensen, Svend E.; Risager, Ole (København, 1998)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Over the last 25 years the Danish economy has had difficulties in growing as fast as other EU countries and the United States. While the average growth difference is small, it signals that if this trend persists into the next century, Denmark will not be able to maintain its high position in the world income hierarchy. Moreover, during these years, the number of individuals living on transfer incomes have increased dramatically. Although we interpret both tendencies as signals of structural weaknesses, we are also aware that these developments may reflect that other goals in economic policy have been pursued, such as protecting the environment and/or achieving certain redistributive objectives. This paper analyzes this and other broad policy issues of importance for Denmark. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7612 Files in this item: 1
1998_18.pdf (175.5Kb) -
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Møllgaard, Peter; Overgaard, Per Baltzer (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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A Tax Optimality IndexRaimondos-Møller, Pascalis; Woodland, Alan D. (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper introduces an index of tax optimality that measures the distance of some current tax structure from the optimal tax structure in the presence of public goods. In doing so, we derive a [0, 1] number that reveals immediately how far the current tax configuration is from the optimal one and, thereby, the degree of efficiency of a tax system. We call this number the Tax Optimality Index. We show how the basic method can be altered in order to derive a revenue equivalent uniform tax, which measures the size of the public sector. A numerical example is used to illustrate the method developed. JEL Code: H21, H41. Keywords: Tax optimality index, excess burden, distance function. Authors Affiliations: Raimondos-Møller: Copenhagen Business School, CEPR, CESifo, and EPRU. Woodland: University of Sydney. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7534 Files in this item: 1
wpec052004.pdf (385.9Kb) -
Marker-Larsen, Svend (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
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Schneider, Cedric (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper analyzes the effects of mixed public-private R&D incentives and empirically tests whether patents that were publicly sponsored are more important than non-subsidized ones. Blending patents and public subsidies will allow the funding agency to subsidize inventions that would otherwise not elicit investment because the private incentive will not fully cover the cost of the invention. Thus, the policy maker will only subsidize inventions that have a high social value. The empirical analysis shows that subsidized inventions result in more important patents, as measured by the number of forward citations. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7662 Files in this item: 1
wp6-2008.pdf (150.8Kb) -
The Role of Fundamentals Using a Regime-Switching ApproachNielsen, Steen; Overgaard Olesen, Jan (København, 2000)[More information][Less information]
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The Choice of Educational TypeAlstadsæter, Annette; Kolm, Ann-Sofie; Larsen, Birthe (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper examines the effect of taxes on the individuals' choices of educational direction, and thus on the economy.s skill composition. A proportional labour tax induces too many workers with high innate ability to choose an educational type associated with high consumption value and low effort. This increases the skill mismatch and aggregate unemployment in the economy. The government can correct for this distortion by use of differentiated tuition fees or tax rates. JEL codes: J64, J68, H21, H24 Keywords: Unemployment, matching, education, optimal taxation, tuition fees URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7562 Files in this item: 1
wp23-2005.pdf (207.8Kb) -
Kolm, Ann-Sofie; Larsen, Birthe (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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Lund, Lars (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
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Huizinga, Harry; Nielsen, Søren Bo (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Internationalization offers enhanced opportunities for individuals to place savings abroad and evade domestic saving taxation. This paper asks whether the concomi- tant loss of saving taxation necessarily is harmful. To this end we construct a model of many symmetric countries in which public goods are financed by taxes on saving and investment. There is international cross-ownership of firms, and countries are assumed to be unable to tax away pure profits. Countries then face an incentive to impose a rather high investment tax also borne by foreigners. In this setting, the loss of the saving tax instrument on account of international tax evasion may prevent the overall saving-investment tax wedge from becoming too high, and hence may be beneficial for moderate preferences for public goods. A world with 'high- spending' governments, in contrast, is made worse off by the loss of saving taxes, and hence stands to gain from international cooperation to restore saving taxation. JEL-Classifcation: H87, H21 Keywords: Capital income taxation, cross-ownership, coordination URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7535 Files in this item: 1
wpec152004.pdf (172.2Kb) -
Møllgaard, Peter (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Bennett, Patrick; La Cour, Lisbeth; Larsen, Birthe; Waisman, Gisela (Frederiksberg, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper explores potential explanations behind the educational gap between young natives and immigrants using two measures, negative attitudes towards immigrants and networking, which may influence natives and immigrants differently. The paper considers, both theoretically and empirically, the impact of negative attitudes and networking taking into account that these parameters may influence high and uneducated workers as well as immigrants and natives differently, creating different incentives to acquire education for the two ethnic groups. Using rich Danish administrative data, this paper finds evidence that greater negative attitudes increase incentives for males to acquire education and that networking also increases immigrant education. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9153 Files in this item: 1
wp 1-2015 pdf la cour larsen.pdf (2.047Mb)