Browsing Conference papers (ICM/IKL) by Title
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The Impact of the Global Economic and Financial Crises over Developing Countries' Automobile IndustryWad, Peter (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In the Global South automobile production evolved behind protectionist walls and was promoted by infant industry policies and outright national automotive projects from the 1950s. In recent decades, many developing countries have liberalized their automotive markets and allowed automobile TNCs to take majority control over joint ventures, transforming domestic automotive industries into foreign controlled sectors while leaving a few national automakers in India, Malaysia and China. Decomposing and reorganizing the national value chain into regional and global automobile value chains OEMs and TNC original equipment suppliers (OESs) have off-shored and outsourced component and parts production to developing countries. Again, local auto suppliers have been acquired or relegated to lower 'tier' positions if not forced out of the market. However, with economic growth and development in the Global South during the 1990s and 2000s automobile sales have boomed, and the automobile sectors in Latin America and Asia have become „brown sunrise‟ industries generating investment, technological upgrading and employment. The present global financial and economic crisis has not profoundly changed this trajectory. The global crisis did not impact automotive markets in developing countries severely, except for automotive exporting countries like Mexico, Thailand and South Africa. Only in 2009 automotive sales and production declined across the board in the Global South, but key markets turned around in the end of the year. Thus, the automobile crisis is a downward business cycle, not a structural crisis of the industry. Companies in the automotive industry responded with traditional crisis management (temporary downsizing, cost reductions, retraining, consolidation, innovation), and governments launched traditional stimuli packages (cash-for-clunkers, tax reductions on smaller and/or cleaner cars etc). Strategic initiatives were taken to improve the competitiveness of the domestic industry (consolidation, liberalization) on the one hand and to transform it from a brown industry to a „greener‟ industry on the other hand (tightening environmental regulations, fuel efficiency and emission standards, subsidizing purchases of smaller and „greener‟ cars, investing in appropriate infrastructure and green technology R&D). Thereby, some developing countries and their surviving local automakers and parts makers are leapfrogging into „clean‟ technology frontiers competing head-to-head with global automakers or partnering with foreign firms in their common endeavor to manufacture green automobiles. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8180 Files in this item: 1
Wad-Green sunrise or brown.pdf (408.6Kb) -
An Ethnography of a Juried Ceramic Art Exhibition in JapanMoeran, Brian (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This article discusses the social processes among members of a panel of jurors required to award a major prize to one of the submissions to a national ceramics exhibition in Japan. Uniquely based on participant observation-style fieldwork, the article details the voting procedures and (inconclusive) results, before analysing why one particular potter’s submission was selected for the Princess Chichibu Cup. It shows how social relations, rather than aesthetic taste, influenced the final choice, since jury members operated according to an informal pecking order that depended on pre-existing networks and reputations, themselves determined by seniority and age. The fact that judges did not overtly resort to aesthetic criteria when making their evaluations meant that they considered each submission in relation to other submissions, rather than on their own particular merits. They thus ended up comparing ‘incommensurate flaws’, rather than making a selection according to agreed ‘merit’. And yet ‘meritocratic principles’ seem to prevail in the longer term cumulative recognition of potters who are awarded prizes at such exhibitions. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8510 Files in this item: 1
Brian_Moeran_2012.pdf (266.7Kb) -
Madsen, Dorte; Ho, Shuyuan Mary (, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Interdisciplinarity is in the DNA of the iSchools. This workshop invites you to discuss how inter-disciplinarity plays out in theory and practice. The workshop addresses the uniqueness of the iSchools, provides an interactive framework to discuss and reflect on interdisciplinary practice. It suggests some models and tools to describe relations between disciplines, while offering a venue to brainstorm and envision issues of interest with like-minded colleagues. The purpose of this workshop is to establish a setting for continuous dialogue among colleagues on how interdisciplinarity plays out in practice. The workshop aims to create a forum for reflection on local inter-disciplinary practice(s) and to consider the possibilities of forming research networks. The workshop opens with a panel presentation from iSchool deans and senior faculty discussing current interdisciplinarity practices in iSchools and with presentations that address theoretical frameworks of interdisciplinarity. These presentations will form the basis for small group discussions in the afternoon. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8897 Files in this item: 1
Madsen_1.pdf (149.3Kb) -
Cultural Cognition and U.S. Labor RelationsTackney, Charles T.; Sato, Toyoko (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Our study explores cultural cognition in comparative U.S. – Japan employment relations through interdisciplinary analysis of Japanese Supreme Court regulation of the post-World War II lifetime employment system and the latest data available on Japan's collective bargaining-based approach to employee participation in managerial prerogative. The comparative social policy aim is to examine and account for observed employment relations variance in the U.S. and Japan, given their similar labor legislation. Japan’s Supreme Court recognizes lifetime employment as an institutionalized practice and we report all 236 references to the term “lifetime employment” in Japanese case law: 178 regional cases, 43 regional superior cases, and 15 Supreme Court cases. Quantitative analysis of Supreme Court cases contextualizes these references in post-World War II history; qualitative analysis focuses on the Court's discourse. Causally related to this recognition, management councils (a form of employee participation in managerial prerogative) are also a defining feature of Japanese employment relations at the enterprise level. Despite unionization rate declines in both nations, the persistence of Japan's participatory employee relations system contrasts sharply with recent U.S. state-based legislative assaults on long-standing collective bargaining, particularly for public sector unions. The concept of cultural cognition, recently deployed in legal studies to account for domestic U.S. risk, public policy and voting preferences, offers theoretical grounds for better understanding of the observed comparative variance in employment practices. We conclude with proposals for organized labor in the U.S. to strengthen prospects for informal network proliferation and employee participation, with the goal of enhancing national competitiveness. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8613 Files in this item: 1
Tackney_2012_2.pdf (531.3Kb) -
tacit knowledge or/and cultural categorizationZølner, Mette (Frederiksberg, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The paper explores how locals span boundaries between corporate and local levels. The aim is to better comprehend potentialities and challenges when MNCs draws on locals’ culture specific knowledge. The study is based on an in-depth, interpretive case study of boundary spanning by local actors in the period of post-acquisition when their organization is being integrated into the acquiring MNC. The paper contributes to the literature on boundary spanning in three ways: First, by illustrating that boundary spanning is performed by numerous organizational actors in a variety of positions in MNCs, inclusively by locals in subsidiaries. Second, by showing that boundary spanning is ‘situated’ in the sense that its result depends on the kind of knowledge to be transmitted and the attitude of the receivers. A third contribution is methodological. The study illustrates that combining bottom-up grounded approach with pattern matching is a way to shed light on the tacit local knowledge that organizational actors cannot articulate and that an exclusively inductive research is not likely to unveil. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9030 Files in this item: 1
Mette Zoelner Euram2014.pdf (576.6Kb) -
Tackney, Charles T. (Frederiksberg, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This is a participant-observer report concerning curriculum deployment of Bernard J.F. Lonergan’s insight-based critical realism and general empirical method for interdisciplinary research methods and allied courses in Copenhagen Business School (CBS, Denmark), from 2001 to the present. I also report similar instruction in interdisciplinary methods for management and organization studies at the International School for Social and Business Studies (ISSB, Slovenia) in 2012.1 The overall time period has been entirely under the aegis of the Bologna Process, begun in 1999, and the European Higher Education Area (EHEA), launched in March, 2010. Both the originating Bologna Process and subsequent EHEA envision curriculum development appropriate to “ensure that the European higher education system acquires a world-wide degree of attraction” (European Commission, 2013). In addition, the Bologna Process calls for specification of the “necessary European dimensions of higher education” (Ibid.). The point of this working paper is to report teaching success and indicate potential merits of Lonergan’s general empirical method, grounded in insight-based critical realism, as a robust epistemological basis for EHEA university curriculum and instruction. The design approach to Lonergan’s method offers grounds to think it uniquely adapted for interdisciplinary social science in the complex trans-cultural, multi-lingual, and religiously pluralist EHEA, thus providing curriculum content adequate and appropriate for the “necessary European dimensions of higher education. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9085 Files in this item: 1
Tackney_10 June 2014.pdf (364.5Kb) -
Tackney, Charles T. (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This is an exploration, using Japanese language primary sources, of management policies and relat-ed industrial sector ecology of the post-World War II machine tools industry. From postwar devas-tation to global leader in worldwide market share by the mid-1980s, remarkably little is know of the factors that contributed to this sucess. Paralleling Max Holland’s 1989 Burgmaster case study method of the U.S. firm’s and industry failure, this study examines the history of Okuma Corpora-tion, an Aichi Prefecture machine tools producer. The role of management leaders and government support for viable firms is shown to provide the necessary industrial ecology for machine tools pro-ducers to recover, innovate, deal with successive oil shocks, and achieve a leadership role in the machine tools sector. Comparative reflections on the parallel decline of the U.S. machine tools in-dustrial sector conclude the paper. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8614 Files in this item: 1
Tackney_2012_3.pdf (505.2Kb) -
Colleoni, Elanor; Arvidsson, Adam; Hansen, Lars K.; Marchesini, Andrea (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In recent years, new digital media have become important for social networking and content sharing. Due to their large diffusion, social media platforms have also both increased the strategic importance of managing corporate reputation and rendered this more difficult. Companies are increasingly apprehensive about information and opinions that can spread through online communities rapidly without any control. While social media platforms increase the power of stakeholders, they also represent a large-scale source of information about feelings, opinions and sentiments of people that allow us to measure and monitor reputation through the analysis of user generated content in real-time. In this paper, we show how social media content can be used to measure the online reputation of a company. Furthermore, we present an open platform that uses a sentiment analysis algorithm on twitter traffic to monitor the real time evolution of company reputation. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8730 Files in this item: 1
Colleoni_Arvidsson_Hansen_Marchesin.pdf (384.8Kb) -
Baron, Irene (Odense, 2011)[More information][Less information]
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A Revision of Hofstede's Theory of Industrialization Supported by Cases from Latin America, Africa and Germany in the 19th centuryKragh, Simon Ulrik (Frederiksberg, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Drawing on a revised version ofHofstede's theory ofindustrialization and cultural change contained in his explanation of individualism and collectivism, the paper proposes that countries which are in the earlier stages of industrialization have a common culture that governs organizational behaviours. In-group/out-group particularist values that have been handed over from preindustrial society tend to overlay and replace impersonal and universalistic bureaucracies and market exchange typical ofindustrial society. The paper shows how these values shape the culture of organizations in Latin America, Africa and Germany around 1850. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9105 Files in this item: 1
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African Perspectives in a European FrameworkJeppesen, Søren; Morsing, Mette (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We engage a discussion of political CSR in SMEs in an African context. Based on critical observations on Western MNC action in emerging economies, political economists have argued that business profit far more than society from CSR. In this paper we argue that the imperative for growth in developing economies provide an option to consider the scope and potential of SME engagement for local social development. Interestingly, while African business is not usually compared to nor found to share much similarity with European business practices, our empirical studies of CSR in African SMEs reveal a number of shared characteristics with their European counterparts. Supported by prior studies on European SMEs and our empirical findings from Africa, we conceptualize how CSR in SMEs in both regions first and foremost tends to be strongly focused on the ”proximity factors” of employees and local society. We discuss how the SME propensity to prioritize proximity factors (feelings of importance of nearness) in CSR decision-‐ making in SMEs has different implications in an African than a European context. Future research paths are proposed to explore political CSR in SMEs in a developing economy context. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8836 Files in this item: 1
Jeppesen_Morsing.pdf (693.9Kb) -
Lessons from Three African CountriesWendelboe Hansen, Michael; Buur, Lars; Therkildsen, Ole; Kjær, Mette (Frederiksberg, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Extractive foreign direct investment (FDI) is heralded as the new development opportunity in Africa. But extractive FDI has a record of producing enclaves in host countries with few linkages to the local economy. Only if it creates local content will extractive FDI become a catalyst of development. This paper analyses the trajectories of local content policies and practices in three African countries – Tanzania, Uganda and Mozambique. We argue that we cannot understand the dynamics and outcomes of local content policies in African extractives without understanding how local content has become ingrained in ruling coalitions’ rent-seeking and maintenance activities in the three countries. We discuss the consequences of evolving local content practices for political patronage. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9014 Files in this item: 1
Wendelboe Hansen.pdf (789.3Kb) -
Strand, Strand; Copenhagen Business School. CBS; Institut for Interkulturel Kommunikation og Ledelse; IKL; Department of Intercultural Communication and Management; ICM (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8788 Files in this item: 1
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Investigating formal and informal CSR practices and the views of managers and workers in SME garment companies in South AfricaJeppesen, Søren; Kothuis, Bas (Frederiksberg, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The article seeks to contribute to the SMEs and CSR literature in developing countries by providing; a) a ‘Southern’ SME perspective, which includes the voices of managers and workers, b) a perspective of CSR, which opens up to informal CSR practices that SMEs undertake, and c) an analysis of the key institutional issues affecting the CSR practices of SMEs. It presents perceptions of CSR practices among 21 SMEs in the garment industry in South Africa, based on 40 interviews with managers and 19 interviews with workers through the use of qualitative and quantitative interview frameworks. It highlights a high degree of similarities between managers and workers, though knowledge of (cognitive level) the concept ‘CSR’ differ considerably. Informal practices are widespread and of key importance to the SMEs, expressed by managers and workers alike. History, industry and manager-workers relations are found to be important factors in explaining the CSR perceptions and level of practices. It is suggested that future research investigate the role of informal practices further and explore the role of institutional theory. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9083 Files in this item: 1
Jeppesen_Kothuis_ICAESB_2014.pdf (325.7Kb) -
Müller, Tina; Gwozdz, Wencke; Reisch, Lucia A. (Frederiksberg, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The current fashion system is highly unsustainable, as continuous overproduction and overconsumption is contributing to environmental as well as social degradation. The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between consumers’ perceived responsibility for the non-sustainability of the fashion industry, diffusion of responsibility between different actors, label knowledge and use, perceived external barriers and environmental apparel consumption. Theoretically, we combine the Motivation-Opportunity-Ability-Model with norm activation theory. We use a representative sample of young Swedish consumers for our analysis. Findings show that perceived personal responsibility as well as label knowledge and use enhance environmental apparel consumption. The small but significant negative effect of perceived responsibility diffusion on environmental apparel consumption indicates that responsibilities between relevant actors might have to be delegated more explicitly than it happens today. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9023 Files in this item: 1
Gwozdz2014.pdf (975.7Kb) -
CPH Kids and Danish Children’s FashionCsaba, Fabian Faurholt; Larsen, Frederik (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: During the Copenhagen Fashion Week A/W 2010, CPH Kids opened as the first independent trade fair for children’s clothing. Despite considerable resistance, the fair managed to establish itself and challenge the established order by providing a venue devoted fully to children’s clothing and luring away exhibitors and visitors looking for change. In this paper, we analyze the dynamic development and distinctive traits of the children’s clothing sector symbolized at the new fair. Our study contributes to inquiry into the role of fairs and festivals in the creative industries by examining the special case of coinciding, competing trade fairs. We introduce and build on three closely related, but in our view complementary, concepts applied and developed in analyses of festivals, trade shows and other kinds of temporary, usually competitive events, namely tournament rituals, field configuring events and tournaments of value. We establish the common ground of the three approaches, particular their assertion of the rich research potential and vital significance of festivals, fairs and similar events for many fields, whether deemed creative or not. We also single out particular strengths of each approach, which inform our inquiry.... URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8238 Files in this item: 1
FaurholtCsaba__Larsen_paper1.pdf (325.2Kb) -
Gilbert, Dirk Ulirch; Heinicke, Patrick; Rasche, Andreas (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper examines the factors that drive the success of multinational corporations (MNCs) in their pursuit of regional strategies. We develop a comprehensive regional success factor model to investigate the effects of regional management autonomy and regional product/service adaption on the regional success of MNCs. Using structural equation modelling, we also analyze the interaction effects of regional orientation and inter-regional distance. We evaluate our model by means of both primary and secondary data for Fortune Gloval 500 firms. Our findings show that appropriate degrees of regional management autonomy and regional product/service adaption are higly contingent upon contextual influences on MNCs. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8728 Files in this item: 1
Rasche.pdf (415.2Kb) -
Moeran, Brian (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This working paper, delivered at the ©reative Encounters workshop on the Business of Ethnography in June 2012, and in part (the sections on advertising and anthropology) at the American Anthropological Association’s annual meeting in San Francisco in November the same year, recounts the author’s personal experiences as a fieldworker to consider what it is that defines the newly emergent sub-discipline of business anthropology. The underlying argument is that all kinds of ethnographic research not overtly conducted on ‘business organizations’ may be counted as an anthropology of business, which itself is not strictly defined by the word ‘business’ per se, but includes such features as kinship and household organization, creative and craft practices, community structures, and so on. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8511 Files in this item: 1
Brian_Moeran_2012_2.pdf (201.0Kb) -
Corporate Social Responsibility Versus Regulation. A Study of a Trust-Recovery ProcessLauesen, Linne Marie (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: After the recent financial crisis issues of trust1breakdown in various business sectors and the public sector have occurred. The question of whether corporate social responsibility can be used as a link of trust between business and society is the issue that this paper wants to explore. This paper investigate how trust in businesses and institutions can be recovered and which role if any corporate social responsibility plays in it. A study of a process from trust1 breakdown to trust1recovery in the Danish water sector from 2003 till 2013 is revealed, which can be used to inform other kinds of trust1recovery processes in the aftermath of the financial crisis. From this study trust1recovery is found to depend on stakeholders’ mutual engagement with each other and their willingness to share knowledge and learn from each other’s professional and institutional cultures and languages. An alignment of vocabularies of motives between regulation and voluntary corporate social responsibility is found viable for building trust between the conflicting parties. The findings have prospects reaching out of its local context and can be used in processing trust1recovery in other sectors that suffers from severe trust1breakdowns in the aftermath of the global economic crisis such as governance systems in both the public and private sector. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8776 Files in this item: 1
Linne LAUESEN_1.pdf (1.284Mb) -
an Organic ModelLauesen, Linne Marie (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Stakeholder management has for the last three decades been concerned either with strategic business management or business ethics, values and quality. Many models have been developed, but recently the literature asks for more dynamic models instead of the staticism that characterizes some models. This paper offers an ‘Organic Stakeholder Model’ based on decision making theory, risk assessment and adaption to a rapidly changing world combined with appropriate stakeholder theory for ethical purposes in decision making processes in businesses. The ‘Organic Stakeholder Model’ is based on empirical evidence from hybrid organizations as Publicly Owned Enterprises (POEs) mixed of private corporations and political administration. The model offers a new way of combining risk management with ethical decisionmaking processes by the inclusion of multiple stakeholders. Not only does the model apply to these kinds of hybrid organizations, but it is easily adopted and tested for other private business models too. The findings and the conceptualization of the model enhances business ethics in decision making by managing and balancing stakeholder concerns with the same concerns as the traditional risk management models does – for the sake of the wider social responsibilities of the businesses and its stakeholders. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8734 Files in this item: 1
Lauesen.pdf (1.203Mb)