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Accentuated factors of handheld computing

Andersson, Bo; Henningsson, Stefan (Springer, 2011/2012)

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The recent years of rapid development of mobile technologies creates opportunities for new user-groups in the mobile workforce to take advantage of information systems (IS). However, to apprehend and harness these opportunities for mobile IS it is crucial to fully understand the user group and the mobile technology. In this paper we deductively, from previous research on aspects on mobility, synthesize a tentative analytical framework capturing factors accentuated in mobile IS design. We evaluate the framework based on criteria of completeness, distinctiveness, and simplicity. Eventually, these two steps develop the framework towards a theoretical contribution as theory for describing handheld computing from a designer’s perspective. Thirteen semi-structured interviews were made and the tentative framework was elaborated and confirmed.

URI:

http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8633

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Andersson_Henningsson_2011.pdf (358.7Kb)

Are enterprise system benefits the same for universities as they are for supermarkets?

Leonard, Jenny; Zinner Henriksen, Helle (Frederiksberg, 2011)

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Enterprise Systems have become the default support systems for business processes in commercial organisations. Their promise of increased efficiency and effectiveness fits well with profit-based strategic objectives, and can be linked directly to customer choice. The last fifteen years have seen extensive implementation of Enterprise Systems in the University sector. While efficiency and effectiveness may be important in this sector, they are not linked directly to customer choice – the concept of a customer is complex, and choices may include many influences which are unaffected by administrative processes. Using one Australian and one Danish University as examples, an analysis of the benefits from using Enterprise Systems in Universities and in supermarkets is undertaken. There are some differences in the nature of those benefits. More importantly, differences in links between those benefits and the effect on customer choice are pronounced, with significant impacts for research and practical implications of Enterprise Systems.

URI:

http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8484

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leonard_zhenriksen_2011.pdf (236.5Kb)

Branding and Channel Issues in E-commerce from an Information System’s Perspective

Hansen, Rina; Tambo, Torben (Turku, 2011)

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E-commerce has matured and become mainstream. The fashion industry is now competing strongly in the digital markets. Beside traditional web-shops, new sales and branding channels are emerging e.g. M-commerce (mobile); social commerce; marketplaces; gaming etc. E-commerce and multi-channel retailing (MCR) now have a less technology-centric perspective while focusing more on sales and branding, although technology is the carrier and imposes limits. Corporate information systems are extended to the consumer‟s computers, smartphones and digital entertainment platforms. The information systems (IS) research tradition is somewhat challenged but can provide an elaborate framework for the understanding of the business and technology changes as well as provide an ideal support for research and businesses in choosing among the different MCR options. This paper proposes a model to understand and position fashion companies‟ existing and future sales and branding channels from an IS perspective. Future research suggestions include long-term challenges and benefits of distinct electronic channels.

URI:

http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8527

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Rina_Hansen_2011_3.pdf (501.0Kb)

A Cognitive Processes Analysis of Individuals' Use of Location-based Services

Lehrer, Christiane; Constantiou, Ioanna; Hess, Thomas (, 2011)

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The recent profusion of smartphones in the mobile industry offers new opportunities for mobile services vendors. One of the most influenced service categories is location-based services (LBS). Based on insights from behavioural decision-making, a theoretical framework is developed to analyse individuals‟ decisions to use LBS. We focus on the cognitive processes involved in individual decisionmaking. Our research is based on two studies. First, we investigated the use of LBS through semistructured interviews of smartphone users. Second, we explored daily LBS use through a study based on diaries. The findings highlight the distinct value dimension in specific contexts of use and the positive experiences of the service as the main drivers of LBS use. Thus, the user decision to use LBS can be described by either a comparative mode based on the value of LBS in relation to other available options, or by an intuitive mode where past experiences trigger the use of heuristics. These modes in turn underscore the positive influences on the continuance of LBS use.

URI:

http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8522

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Constantiou_2011_1.pdf (284.1Kb)

A Comparison of Card-sorting Analysis Methods

Nawaz, Ather (Frederiksberg, 2012)

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This study investigates how the choice of analysis method for card sorting studies affects the suggested information structure for websites. In the card sorting technique, a variety of methods are used to analyse the resulting data. The analysis of card sorting data helps user experience (UX) designers to discover the patterns in how users make classifications and thus to develop an optimal, user-centred website structure. During analysis, the recurrence of patterns of classification between users influences the resulting website structure. However, the algorithm used in the analysis influences the recurrent patterns found and thus has consequences for the resulting website design. This paper draws an attention to the choice of card sorting analysis and techniques and shows how it impacts the results. The research focuses on how the same data for card sorting can lead to different website structures by generating different set of classifications. It further explains how the agreement level between the users can change for similar data due to the choice of analysis.

URI:

http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8587

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Ather_Nawaz_2012.pdf (531.6Kb)

Cube Assessment Framework for B2C Websites Applied to the Fashion Industry

Hansen, Rina; Bjørn-Andersen, Niels (, 2011)

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The paper proposes a framework for assessment and design of B2C websites focussing on Web 2.0 and social media as vehicles for involvement of current and potential customers. Three overall strategic dimensions are proposed for characterization of websites, whether the 1) purpose is branding or e-commerce, 2) communication is one-way or two-way, 3) focus is transaction or innovation. When these three strategic binary dimensions are combined, we get 2 x 2 x 2 or a total of 8 different triplet combinations. The framework is used for an assessment of 15 fashion websites in the years 2006, 2008 and 2010.

URI:

http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8429

Files in this item: 1

RinaHansen_NBAndersen.pdf (780.2Kb)

Designing Digital Payment Artifacts

Olsen, Mia; Hedman, Jonas; Vatrapu, Ravi (Frederiksberg, 2012)

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Ubiquitous and pervasive computing is fundamentally transforming product categories such as music, movies, and books and the associated practices of product searching, ordering, and buying. This paper contributes to theory and practice of digital payments by conducting a design science inquiry into the mobile phone wallet (m-wallet). Four different user groups, including young teenagers, young adults, mothers and businessmen, have been involved in the process of identifying, developing and evaluating functional and design properties of m-wallets. Interviews and formative usability evaluations provided data for the construction of a conceptual model in the form of sketches followed by a functional model in the form of low-fidelity mockups. During the design phases, knowledge was gained on what properties the users would like the m-wallet to embody. The identified properties have been clustered as ‘Functional properties’ and ‘Design properties’, which are theoretical contributions to the on-going research on m-wallets. One of the findings from our design science inquiry into m-wallets is that everyday life contexts require that evaluation criteria have to be expanded beyond “functionality, completeness, consistency, accuracy, performance, reliability, usability, fit with the organization, and other relevant quality attributes” [12] that are used within current design science work.

URI:

http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8502

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Olsen_Hedman_Vatrapu.pdf (417.1Kb)

A Design Science Approach to Interactive Greenhouse Climate Control using Lego Mindstorms for Sensor- Intensive Prototyping

Ulslev Pedersen, Rasmus; Clemmensen, Torkil (Frederiksberg, 2012)

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In this paper we present a case study of early prototyping work performed within a Danish advanced technology project. We specifically investigate the problems and issues related to throw-away prototypes in sensor-intensive systems. An important criterion is to record and perhaps later reproduce the identified contributions of the throw-away prototypes, and to this end we use the educational version of Lego Mindstorms NXT. To achieve methodological rigor we have used the Design Science Framework by Hevner et. al. It allows us to focus on the prototyping effort (called the design cycle) without letting go of either the relevance or rigor related to the project. We relate the case study to a Human Work Interaction Design (HWID) framework for the use of interactive, sensor-intensive prototypes to develop interactive greenhouse climate management systems. By applying guidelines suggested in design science to the case studied, we identify a number of interactive prototypes that successively address core issues in this particular setting. Finally, the problems and issues pertaining to this setting is presented and identified. The main contribution of this paper is that it, by pointing out problems and issues related throw-away prototyping with sensor-intensive systems, extends the design cycle of the original design science framework. This is determined to be a necessary step in order to address the inherent multi-disciplinarily of sensor-intensive HWID systems.

URI:

http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8601

Files in this item: 1

Ulslev_Clemmensen.pdf (581.3Kb)

Digital game piracy

Analyzing the illegal distribution of digital games via BitTorrent

Drachen, Anders; Bauer, Kevin; Veitch, Robert W. D. (Frederiksberg, 2011)

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The practice of illegally copying and distributing digital games is at the heart of one of the most heated and divisive debates in the international games environment. Despite the substantial interest in game piracy, there is very little objective information available about its magnitude or its distribution across game titles and game genres. This paper presents the first large-scale, open-method analysis of the distribution of digital game titles, which was conducted by monitoring the BitTorrent peer-to-peer (P2P) filesharing protocol. The sample includes 173 games and a collection period of three months from late 2010 to early 2011. With a total of 12.6 million unique peers identified, it is the largest examination of game piracy via P2P networks to date. The study provides findings that reveal the magnitude of game piracy, the timefrequency of game torrents, which genres that get pirated the most, and the relationship between aggregated review scores and ESRB-ratings.

URI:

http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8495

Files in this item: 1

drachen_bauer_veitch_2011.pdf (2.033Mb)

A dual view on IT challenges on corporate divestments and acquisitions

Böhm, Markus; Henningsson, Stefan; Yetton, Philip; Leimeister, Jan Marco; Krcmar, Helmut (, 2011)

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Acquisitions of new businesses and divestments of existing ones are frequently components of large organizations’ corporate strategies. In both acquisitions and divestments, corporate IT infrastructure plays a critical role for realizing business objectives. In this paper, we take a dual view of the IT-related challenges in divestment and acquisition strategies, studying them as a single integrated transaction between a buyer and a seller and investigating how the IT carve-out and IT integration strategies influence each other. The extant literature on the interaction between carve-outs and integration strategies is an empty set. Here, we begin to shed light to the limitations of the carve-out contract, the processes of carving out a business unit from one and integrating it into another multibusiness organization, asymmetries in both parties’ preferences for an IT transaction process and its influence on arising challenges and organization performance.

URI:

http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8631

Files in this item: 1

Böhm_Henningsson et al_2011.pdf (540.6Kb)

The essential dynamics of information infrastructures

Henningsson, Stefan; Hanseth, Ole (, 2011)

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This paper inquires into the complexities of contemporary IT solutions based on a case study of the EU’s eCustoms initiatives using Manuel DeLanda’s Assemblage Theory. Technological innovations have enabled information infrastructures with dramatically increased number and heterogeneity of included components, and their dynamic and unexpected interactions. Unfortunately, lack of understanding of how the increasing complexity influences development initiatives is hampering effective information infrastructure development. Assemblage Theory can be seen as holistic synthesis of previous research streams seeking to explain how information infrastructures evolve in social contexts. Accordingly, in this paper it helps us getting a holistic grasp of the complexity of contemporary IT solutions and the “essence” of their dynamics. Through Assemblage Theory we explain how the European eCustoms information infrastructure has through a dialectic between stabilizing and destabilizing processes assumed its current shape - a result of decisions taken decades ago, path dependency, complexity, and accumulated emergence.

URI:

http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8632

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Henningsson_Hanseth_2011.pdf (680.2Kb)

Evolution of Business Models

A case Study of SAP

Antero, Michelle C.; Hedman, Jonas; Henningsson, Stefan (Frederiksberg, 2013)

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The ERP industry has undergone dramatic changes over the past decades due to changing market demands, thereby creating new challenges and opportunities, which have to be managed by ERP vendors. This paper inquires into the necessary evolution of business models in a technology-intensive industry (e.g., develop new offerings, engage in partnerships, and the utilize new sales channels). This paper draws from strategy process perspective to develop an evolutionary business model (EBM) framework that explains the components and processes involved. The framework is then applied to a longitudinal case study of SAP to explain how its success in a technology-intensive industry hinges on its ability to reconfigure its business model. The paper contributes to the extant literature on business models in two ways: first, by identifying and explaining the need for an evolutionary perspective; and second, by adopting different value configurations to reflect the convergence of customers, suppliers and vendors.

URI:

http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8725

Rina_Hansen_2011_1.pdf (1.281Mb)

How IT will challenge existing organizational forms and create Ambient organizations

Bjørn-Andersen, Niels (Oman, 2011)

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IT1 is likely to be as important to the way companies will organize in the future as electricity was to the industrial revolution. IT will revolutionize entire industries and markets. IT will create new types of organizations that will surpass and outsmart traditional organizations. This has been predicted for more than a decade. But now it is happening especially in the music, newspaper and publishing industries, and shall see it even more pronounced in these sectors in the future. But it will not be limited to these industries; it will influence all types of industry and government organizations. Already today, we see many examples of innovative organizational designs, enhancing organizational effectiveness and competitiveness. The paper will briefly discuss the potential of future IT developments, and will proceed to give a short theoretical background for why we see a growth in IT-facilitated new organizational forms. A couple of interesting organizational design will be mentioned, before we proceed to making the argument that any business process in principle may be reengineered, centralized or outsourced in one way or other. Interesting examples will be presented. We suggest that future IT will have such a profound impact on organizational structure going far beyond the traditional ‘virtual organization’ that it calls for a new organizational concept, which we have chosen to label the “Ambient Organization’.

URI:

http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8428

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NB_Andersen.pdf (396.8Kb)

The Human-Computer Domain

Relation in UX Models

Clemmensen, Torkil (Frederiksberg, 2012)

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This paper argues that the conceptualization of the human, the computer and the domain of use in competing lines of UX research have problematic similarities and superficial differences. The paper qualitatively analyses concepts and models in five research papers that together represent two influential lines of UX research: aesthetics and temporal UX, and two use situations: using a website and starting to use a smartphone. The results suggest that the two lines of UX research share a focus on users’ evaluative judgments of technology, both focuses on product qualities rather than activity domains, give little details about users, and treat human-computer interaction as perception. The conclusion gives similarities and differences between the approaches to UX. The implications for theory building are indicated.

URI:

http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8705

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Torkil_Clemmensen.pdf (92.43Kb)

Information management practices

How knowledge workers act as amateurs when using information at work

Constantiou, Ioanna; Madsen, Sabine; Papazafeiropoulou, Anastasia (, 2011)

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The proliferation of Internet technologies in the workspace provides tremendous possibilities for knowledge workers to access vast amounts of information from a large number of sources. The information abundance offers new opportunities which empower the knowledge worker but at the same time may create information overload. This study explores academics’ information management practices, by applying a theoretical framework build on three theoretical perspectives. These involve mindfulness, sense-making, and decision-making heuristics. The theoretical framework is used to analyse diary data about three tasks: email management, communication with colleagues, and information search. Our findings show that the knowledge workers have developed their own relatively simple but seemingly suitable practices for dealing with information overload and being empowered from the abundant information available to them. The relative amateurism and professionalism of the participants are discussed and limitations of this study as well as areas for future research are delineated.

URI:

http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8524

Files in this item: 1

Constantiou_2011_3.pdf (112.8Kb)

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