Browsing Departments by Title
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Foss, Kirsten (København, 1998)[More information][Less information]
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Evidence from a Quasi-ExperimentHariri, Jacob Gerner; Bjørnskov, Christian; Justesen, Mogens K. (www, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This article examines how economic shocks affect individual well-being in developing countries. Using the case of a sudden and unanticipated currency devaluation in Botswana as a quasi-experiment, the article examines how this monetary shock affects individuals’ evaluations of well-being. This is done by using microlevel survey data, which—incidentally— were collected in the days surrounding the devaluation. The chance occurrence of the devaluation during the time of the survey enables us to use pretreatment respondents, surveyed before the devaluation, as approximate counterfactuals for post-treatment respondents, surveyed after the devaluation. Estimates show that the devaluation had a large and significantly negative effect on individuals’ evaluations of subjective well-being. These results suggest that macroeconomic shocks, such as unanticipated currency devaluations, may have significant short-term costs in the form of reductions in people’s sense of well-being. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9130 Files in this item: 1
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Hariri, Jacob Gerner; Bjørnskov, Christian; Justesen, Mogens K. (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper examines how economic shocks affect individual well-being in developing countries. Using the case of a sudden and unanticipated currency devaluation in Botswana as a quasi-experiment, we examine how this monetary shock affects individuals’ evaluations of well-being. We do so by using micro-level survey data, which – incidentally – was collected in the days surrounding the devaluation. The chance occurrence of the devaluation during the time of the survey enables us to use pre-treatment respondents, surveyed before the devaluation, as approximate counterfactuals for post-treatment respondents, surveyed after the devaluation. Our estimates show that the devaluation had a large and significantly negative effect on individuals’ evaluations of subjective well-being. These results suggest that macroeconomic shocks, such as unanticipated currency devaluations, may have significant short-term costs in the form of reductions in people’s sense of well-being. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8892 Files in this item: 1
Mogens_K_Justesen.pdf (181.1Kb) -
Open Standards and Their Early AdoptionKühn Pedersen, Mogens; Fomin, Vladislav V. (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Standards have proven themselves indispensable to the industrial revolution. How are standards developed today? What does the economics of standards tell about the impact of standards upon economic growth and productivity? Do standards influence industry innovation? How are the standardization processes in the field of ICT taking place? How and why do open standards differ from other types of standards? How may open standards influence ICT government policy and the reverse: How will government need to take action in the face of the international trend toward open standards in ICT? URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6498 Files in this item: 1
no_01-2006.pdf (340.7Kb) -
Blomgren-Hansen, Niels (København, 1998)[More information][Less information]
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Politikernes og forvaltningens medkonstruktion og konsekvenserne herafSecher, Christine (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This thesis is about how different e-participation user groups co-construct technology through the use in practice. It is studied how technology is used on a municipality level for citizen-communication and -participation with an online debate forum as a case in point. Users of online debates are citizens, politicians and the administration. In this thesis, I have chosen to focus on how politicians and the administration use online debates. I show how politicians and the administration participate in very distinct ways on the debate forum and thereby create specific forms of citizen communication and participation. Everybody can participate in the online debate as long as they give up their name and email. Periodically, citizens write quite a lot of contributions on the debate forum. But politicians’ and the administration’s perception of what is happening on the debate influence which role the citizens’s contributions will have for the politicians and administration, as well as forms of interaction between users. In this thesis, I argue that the users’ (politicians’s and administration’s) sensemaking about online debates as well as the mediation of the use of online debates have a crucial influence on which types of practice of online debate can develop. Online debate is perceived as an equivocal technology in the sense that the use of the technology is not clear cut but a result of the user’s sensemaking about the technology and thereby the sensemaking about possible acts and interactions with the technology and other users. Sensemaking is the primary theoretical frame with a special focus on situation-specific cue-frame-relations. The Municipality of Odder is the case and a unique one with its 11 years of experience within municipally facilitated online debate. The empirical data are contributions written from September 3rd, 2005 to April 15, 2008 (a total of 1983 contributions), 17 semi-structured interviews of ½-1½ hours length with administration and politicians in the municipality as well as different written documents from the municipality. In this thesis I show that politicians and administration act as users of the online debate in four different ways: Political candidate, councilor, administrator and mediator. The political candidate run for the municipal election and is only present in the debate the last three months before the election. The political candidate see online debates as a good opportunity to make him/herself visible to voters and competing candidates, and therefore (s)he writes a lot of contributions during this period. The political candidate rarely answers ordinary citizen’s contributions but instead decides to write new contributions or answer contributions started by competitors. The political candidate rarely gets involved in real discussions on the debate but instead choose to give his/her visions for the future of the Municipality of Odder. The councilor see the debate as the citizen’s opportunity to voice their meaning and therefore rarely participate in the debate, as this could have a negative effect on citizens motivation to write on the debate. The councilor reads the citizens’ contributions and once in a while the contributions act as input for internal council discussions. When the contribution reflect misunderstanding and when it is not only a few citizens who share the misunderstanding, the councilor chooses to write a report for the debate. It is usually the relevant committee chairman or equivalent who writes the contribution. The administrator believes that the majority of the contributions on the debate are political and therefore (s)he should not participate in the debate. The administrator sees citizens and business as partners. It is groups of professionals, which cover associations, organizations etc. and does not necessarily, see the individual citizen as a key stakeholder. The groups of professionals use other media, such as mails and letters, in their communication with the administration, as their input is often long reports and technical judgments. The administrator chooses only to answer factual misunderstandings in ongoing processes or more general issues in the municipality. The mediator, which is a role only a small part of the administration acts in, generally works with the implementing and forming the use of technology in the municipality. (S)he sees ICT as a way of increasing openness and effectiveness in the municipality. Online debates is a solution which the mediator believes especially increases openness and (s)he works with the aim of ensuring a continued debate. The mediator focuses on maximizing the number of contributions, on making it easy to participate and to make it possible to discuss anything, which is why the debate is in no editor or guided use of the debate. The result is that the individual user – political candidate, councilor and administrator – mediate the use of the debate and develop filters for their own and others’ ability to act on the online debate. That politicians and administration appear in these four roles in relation to online debate problematic several aspects of the use of e-participation practices in a municipal context. One aspect is that the four roles develop different practices for the use of the debate which function parallel on the debate without the development of a common practice. A second aspect is that a mediator role is established. An actor who mediates the interaction between citizen and politician, and thereby an actor who has a high degree of importance for what online debating becomes in practice. A third aspect is that the administration takes the mediating role and becomes a political advisor or an administrator of political decisions. A shift which neither the politicians nor the administrator are aware of. At the same time, the way the technology is mediated creates both synergy and conflict between the councilor, the political candidate and the administrator. Synergy and conflict which primarily can be related to the focus of the mediator on the increased use of the technology and the missing focus on contextualization of the online debate. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8000 Files in this item: 1
christine_secher.pdf (6.411Mb) -
or, why there is still so much to learn from the theory of the growth of the firmFoss, Nicolai Juul (København, 1998)[More information][Less information]
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A model of integrative strategy making processesJuul Andersen, Torben; Bernhard Nielsen, Bo (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: There is general consensus that coordination and integration are needed to achieve efficient outcomes while distributed decision power and autonomous actions are essential to develop innovative responses. These dual requirements for operational optimization and ongoing business innovation capture the essence of organizational ambidexterity as the means to sustain performance over time when environmental conditions change. This paper incorporates strategic management and organization theoretical rationales in a model that combines elements of integration and experimentation in the strategy making process and thereby extends the evolving literature on the ambidextrous organization. The performance relationships of the ambidextrous integrative strategy making model are investigated on the basis of a cross-sectional sample of 185 business entities operating in different manufacturing industries. Results of structural equation analyses indicate that superior performance in the ambidextrous organizations is associated with efficiencies derived from adherence to centralized strategic planning and effectiveness generated by decentralized innovative behavior through participation and autonomous actions. The study enhances our understanding of ambidexterity as the result of combined strategy making processes that balance the needs for economic efficiency and organizational adaptability. Key words: Ambidexterity, Dispersed decision-making, Innovation, Participatory decision-making, Strategic planning URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7424 Files in this item: 1
2007-12.pdf (477.9Kb) -
Juul Andersen, Torben; Andersson, Ulf; Palmié, Maximilian; Keupp, Matthias (Frederiksberg, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We outline commonalities between studies of subsidiary decentralization and autonomous strategy-making in the international business and strategic management fields. This suggests that corporate headquarters should engage in strategy-making processes that provide a combination of formal direction for global efficiencies and autonomy for effective local responses. Strategic guidance from headquarters frames subsidiary decisions in line with corporate priorities and distributed decision power coupled with informal exchange of information facilitates strategic responses in tune with local market requirements. We identify some important nuances in the integration-responsiveness conundrum supported by an empirical study of 351 multinational subsidiaries. We discuss the implications for multinational strategy practice and suggest future research venues to investigate strategy-making in multinational firms. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9202 Files in this item: 1
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Convergence or Divergence?Bislev, Sven (København, 1997)[More information][Less information]
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Findings from a Service IndustryMartensen, Anne; Grønholdt, Lars (Frederiksberg, 2015)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9199 Files in this item: 1
Martensen et al_QMOD-ICQSS 2015.pdf (971.9Kb) -
Banghøj, Jesper; Plenborg, Thomas (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We explore the impact of stock pay and stock holdings on the pay to performance sensitivity in Denmark. Our research is motivated by the fact that most non-UK/US studies ignore stock based pay and stock holdings when measuring the pay to performance sensitivity. Further, most studies that explore the pay to performance relation apply the Black and Scholes approach assuming that the executive is both risk neutral due to hedge possibilities and well diversified. However, as pointed by Hall and Murphy (2002) executives are neither risk neutral nor well diversified. We adopt the certainty equivalence approach developed by Lambert et al (1991) to demonstrate that in a setting where executives are risk averse and undiversified there is a gap between the cost of granting stock options and the value, which executives receive from the same stock option program. Our findings indicate that the Danish level of pay is lower than in the UK and the US but more in line with the pay in other Scandinavian countries. Further, our results show that stock options are less frequently used to compensate Danish executives. On the other hand, stock ownership seems to be a more popular way to align the interests of the management and the shareholders than stock options. Furthermore, including stock holdings affect our four pay to performance sensitivity measures significantly. We also demonstrate that the pay to performance sensitivity is considerably lower than indicated by the Black and Scholes approach. Finally, the pay to performance sensitivity is on average smaller in Denmark than in the US. However, the pay to performance sensitivity seems similar in Denmark and the UK. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6741 Files in this item: 1
wp_2007-01.pdf (277.2Kb) -
The International IPSERA Workshop on Customer Attractiveness, Supplier Satisfaction and Customer Value. 25-26 November 2010Ellegaard, Chris; Freytag, Per V. (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Reports on supply chain management (SCM) failure are becoming more frequent in the SCM literature, despite widespread recognition of the business potential associated with such optimizations of operational buyer-supplier interfaces. Some failures can be ascribed to imbalances in the net benefits realized by the buying and supplying company implementing SCM. Failed SCM initiatives hurt the buying company’s customer attractiveness and limit opportunities for long term value creation with suppliers. Hence, an important task for the buying company is the management of SCM initiatives in a way that benefits both parties. However, SCM costs and benefits often materialise as the result of complex interactive processes between buyer and supplier actors, which makes SCM a challenging management task. To increase the understanding of these complex processes, this study identifies the various types of supplier costs and benefits resulting from the failed VMI initiative of a multinational company. While the benefits from this case turn out to be few, the costs appear in large variety and scale. More importantly, we uncover the underlying mechanisms generating these costs, thereby enabling managers to identify and avoid the costs. Based on the findings, we propose pre-project classification of supplier VMI readiness to allow more beneficial implementation as a key managerial implication. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8229 Files in this item: 1
CEPFpaperAttrWorkshopNov2010.pdf (292.5Kb) -
Cost-benefit-beregningHøjbjerg Jacobsen, Rasmus (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: I perioden januar-august 2011 har CEBR udført en analyseopgave for Landsforeningen BEDRE PSYKIATRI. Formålet med projektet har været at undersøge det samfundsøkonomiske potentiale for forøget inddragelse af pårørende i behandlingen af personer med psykisk sygdom i Danmark. Specifikt har det været formålet at gennemføre en cost-benefit beregning af familieintervention og inddragelse af pårørende på baggrund af de faktiske livsforløb for patienter med psykisk sygdom i Danmark og de resultater af effekter af familieintervention og pårørendeinddragelse, der kan findes i faglitteraturen. Undervejs har en række personer givet værdifulde kommentarer til projektet, og forfatteren vil gerne takke alle herfor. Særlig tak skal rettes til Martin Junge fra CEBR, professor Søren Bo Nielsen, CBS, samt Thorstein Theilgaard og Jens Peter Dam Eckardt Jensen fra BEDRE PSYKIATRI. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8578 Files in this item: 1
Rasmus_H_Jacobsen_2011.pdf (390.7Kb) -
Dansk dagligvarehandel 2003-2013Østergaard Jacobsen, Per; Bjerre, Mogens (Frederiksberg, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Detailhandlen er i gang med en lang og hård forandringsfase med strukturudvikling og forbruger-forandringer. Det har ført til lukninger og åbninger af mange butikker og butikskoncepterne er under forandring. De eksisterende koncepter udfordres mere og mere. Detailhandlerne oplever, at der er knaphed på kunder og at finanskrisen har givet større fokus på likviditet som kan opleves som knaphed på kapital. Det er en stadig større kamp om forbrugernes rådighedsbeløb. Dette har også medført til en mere kortsigtet adfærd for en lang række kæder – hvilket fremgår af stadigt hyppigere og stadigt mere omfattende prisnedsættelser som fx ”momsfri uge”, ”nu 20 % på alt i butikken” m.fl. Samtidig oplever forbrugerne højere priser på dagligvarer i Danmark end i andre lande1. De danske dagligvarepriser er da også blandt de højeste i EU, men overgås dog af Norge og Schweiz. Priserne i Danmark ligger ca. 40% højere end i 27 sammenlignelige EU lande (EU27). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9124 Files in this item: 1
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Casestudie af tilbudsaviser i detailhandlenØstergaard Jacobsen, Per; Varnes, Claus (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Vores fokus med denne analyse har været at beskrive virkningsgraden af markedsføringsindsatsen i detailhandlen, primært tilbudsaviserne, ved at se på konverteringerne fra kendskab til køb. Institut for Produktion og Erhvervøkonomi (PEØ) har siden 2005 gennemført konferrencer og analyser om virkningsgrader og effekt af marketing. Da vi simultant har konstateret en nærmest eksplosiv vækst i marketingindsatsen, er vores interesse for en nærmere undersøgelse blever skærpet. Dette er interessent i relation til netop effekt og virkningsgrader, da netop dagligvarehandlen udgør ca. 15 % af privatforbruget og dermed fylder meget i vores hverdag. Der er i de seneste år gennemført en lang række analyser og undersøgelser, der enten taler for eller imod anvendelse af tilbudsaviser. Senest har regeringen indført en ny afgift på tilbudsaviser, der træder i kraft i 2013, og i regeringsgrundlaget står der, at man ønsker at indføre en ”Ja Tak” ordning til afløsning af den nuværende ”Nej Tak” ordning. Den grafiske branche har gennemføret en række analyser, forskellige reklame- og medie-bureauer har produceret en del analyser, distributørerne (Post Danmark og Forbruger Kontakt) har her i efteråret gennemført en fælles analyse. Konkurrence- og Forbrugerstyrelsen har ligeledes gennemføret en omfattende analyse om dagligvaremarkedet i sommeren 2011. Vi har ingen interesser eller politiske tilknytninger i relation til branchen eller dens organisationer. Vi ønsker udelukkende at forholde os til økonomisk relaterede observationer, effekten og sammenhængen mellem disse elementer. Altså virkningsgraden af reklamen. Vi vil med denne økonomiske analyse forsøge at forholde os til virkningsgraden af marketingindsatsen i detailhandlen gennem de seneste 5 år. Siden John Wanamaker i tidernes morgen udtalte; "I know half of my advertising is wasted. I just don’t know which half” har der været fokus på virkningsgraden af markedsføring. Særligt har der i de seneste år været et stigende ønske om at se på effekten af marketingindsatsen. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8424 Files in this item: 1
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Abstract: Denne analyse af folkeskolen anvender DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) som et redskab til at foretage ”realistisk benchmarking”, hvor der i for-hold til den enkelte folkeskole identificeres relevante forbilleder, der på den ene side ligner skolen meget, men på den anden side gør det bedre. Sammenligningen tager udgangspunkt i de karakterer eleverne opnår ved afgangseksamen i 9. klasse. KREVIs analyse af folkeskolens faglige kvalitet viste, at forskelle i skolernes faglige kvalitet spiller en signifikant rolle, når karakterforskellene skal forklares. Selvom forskelle i elevernes sociale baggrund og individuelle forskelle under alle omstændigheder er den mest væsentlige årsag til forskelle i karakterer. Der er således god grund til at sammenligne skoler med relevante forbilleder. Da der desuden er væsentlige forskelle i skolernes ressourceforbrug, giver det god mening at lave realistisk benchmarking på sammenhængene mellem faglighed og ressourceforbrug for at vurdere effektiviteten. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8574 Files in this item: 4
Bilag_1_Wittrup_Bogetoft_2011.pdf (439.9Kb)Bilag_2_Wittrup_Bogetoft_2011.pdf (353.0Kb)Bilag_3_Wittrup_Bogetoft_2011.pdf (528.0Kb)Rapport_Wittrup_Bogetoft_2011.pdf (1.306Mb) -
A Taxonomy of Knowledge Transfer CostsHusman, Tina Brandt (København, 2001)[More information][Less information]
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En ledelsesfilosofisk afhandling om selvledelsens paradoksale dynamik og eksistentielle engagementKjær Lassen, Tommy (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Denne afhandling handler om selvledelsesfænomenets kommercielle konceptualisering. Afhandlingen baserer sig på et metodekombinerende forskningsprojekt bestående af aktionsforskning og fænomenologisk analyse. Projektet er etableret og finansieret efter erhvervsPhD-ordningen og er som sådan underlagt en dobbeltmålsætning om både erkendelsesmæssig videnskabelse og empirisk nytteskabelse. Projektets aktionsforskningsdel er gennemført, blandt navnlig ingeniørsegmentet i DONG Energy Power, og den fænomenologiske analyse er gennemført med særlig afsæt i kandidatens forholdsvis atypiske baggrund nemlig en protestantisk tilværelsestydning. Projektet er initieret af virksomheden selv, det vil sige af ledelsen i udviklingsfunktionen Engineering i samarbejde med ledelsen i Powers afdeling for HR-Udvikling. Forskningsspørgsmålet lyder slet og ret: Hvordan skal selvledelse konceptualiseres i DONG Energy Power? Dette er i udgangspunktet et nytteorienteret spørgsmål, men afhandlingen viser, at dette spørgsmål implicerer en grundlæggende erkendelsesteoretisk problematik om, hvorledes et meningsfuldt og værdiskabende selvledelsesbegreb overhovedet lader sig konceptualisere. Bag selvledelsens hvordan gemmer der sig et normativt spørgsmål om selvledelsens hvorfor. Projektet er empirisk set sat i verden, fordi der viste sig en række problematikker i forbindelse med virksomhedens konceptualisering af dets ønskede selvledelsesbegreb; problematikker omhandlende forholdet mellem design og emergens, fastholdelse og performance, nødvendighed og mulighed og eksistens og produktivitet. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8753 Files in this item: 1
Tommy_Kjær_Lassen.pdf (1.441Mb)