Browsing Departments by Title
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Hoogendoorn, Sander; Parker, Simon C.; Van Praag, Mirjam (Amsterdam, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: What is the effect of dispersed levels of cognitive ability of members of a (business) team on their team's performance? This paper reports the results of a field experiment in which 573 students in 49 teams start up and manage real companies under identical circumstances. We ensured exogenous variation in - otherwise random - team composition by assigning students to teams based on their measured cognitive abilities (Raven test). Each team performs a variety of tasks, often involving complex decision making. The key result of the experiment is that the performance of business teams first increases and then decreases with ability dispersion. We seek to understand this finding by developing a model in which team members of different ability levels form sub-teams with other team members with similar ability levels to specialize in different productive tasks. Diversity spreads production over different tasks in order to escape diminishing marginal returns under specialization. The model comes with a boundary condition: our experimental finding is most likely to emerge in settings where different tasks exhibit moderate differences in their productive contributions to total output. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8963 Files in this item: 1
Hoogendoorn Parker Van Praag.pdf (1.076Mb) -
Evidence from Survival Rates in a Natural ExperimentAndersen, Steffen; Meisner Nielsen, Kasper (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We use a natural experiment in Denmark to test the hypothesis that aspiring entrepreneurs face financial constraints because of low entrepreneurial quality. We identify 304 constrained entrepreneurs who start a business after receiving windfall wealth and examine the performance of these marginal entrepreneurs. We find that constrained entrepreneurs have significantly lower survival rates and lower profits when compared with a matched sample of unconstrained entrepreneurs. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the marginal entrepreneur is of low quality. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8499 Files in this item: 1
Andersen_MeisnerNielsen.pdf (402.7Kb) -
Foley, Kelly; Gallipoli, Giovanni; Green, David (Bristol, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We use a large, rich Canadian micro-level dataset to examine the channels through which family socio-economic status and unobservable characteristics a ect children's decisions to drop out of high school. First, we document the strength of observable socio-economic factors: our data suggest that teenage boys with two parents who are themselves high school dropouts have a 16% chance of dropping out, compared to a dropout rate of less than 1% for boys whose parents both have a university degree. We examine the channels through which this socio-economic gradient arises using an extended version of the factor model set out in Carneiro, Hansen, and Heckman (2003). Speci cally, we consider the impact of cognitive and non-cognitive ability and the value that parents place on education. Our results support three main conclusions. First, cognitive ability at age 15 has a substantial impact on dropping out. Second, parental valuation of education has an impact of approximately the same size as cognitive ability e ects for medium and low ability teenagers. A low ability teenager has a probability of dropping out of approximately .03 if his parents place a high value on education but .36 if their education valuation is low. Third, parental education has no direct e ect on dropping out once we control for ability and parental valuation of education. Our results point to the importance of whatever determines ability at age 15 (including, potentially, early childhood interventions) and of parental valuation of education during the teenage years. We also make a small methodological contribution by extending the standard factor based estimator to allow a non-linear relationship between the factors and a covariate of interest. We show that allowing for non-linearities has a substantial impact on estimated e ects. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8582 Files in this item: 1
Foley_2009.pdf (369.2Kb) -
How To Realize Its Potential in the Organization FieldVolberda, Henk W.; Foss, Nicolai J.; Lyles, Marjorie A. (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The purpose of this Perspective Paper is to advance understanding of absorptive capacity, its underlying dimensions, its multi-level antecedents, its impact on firm performance and the contextual factors that affect absorptive capacity. Nineteen years after the Cohen and Levinthal 1990 paper, the field is characterized by a wide array of theoretical perspectives and a wealth of empirical evidence. In this paper, we first review these underlying theories and empirical studies of absorptive capacity. Given the size and diversity of the absorptive capacity literature, we subsequently map the existing terrain of research through a bibliometric analysis. The resulting bibliometric cartography shows the major discrepancies in the organization field, namely that (1) most attention so far has been focused on the tangible outcomes of absorptive capacity; (2) organizational design and individual level antecedents have been relatively neglected in the absorptive capacity literature; and (3) the emergence of absorptive capacity from the actions and interactions of individual, organizational and inter-organizational antecedents remains unclear. Building on the bibliometric analysis, we develop an integrative model that identifies the multi-level antecedents, process dimensions, and outcomes of absorptive capacity as well as the contextual factors that affect absorptive capacity. We argue that realizing the potential of the absorptive capacity concept requires more research that shows how “micro antecedents” and “macroantecedents” influence future outcomes such as competitive advantage, innovation, and firm performance. In particular, we identify conceptual gaps that may guide future research to fully exploit the absorptive capacity concept in the organization field and to explore future fruitful extensions of the concept. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7955 Files in this item: 1
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Hector Estrup og økonomisk metodologiFoss, Nikolai J. (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Med udgangspunkt i debatten mellem Hector Estrup og Hans Keiding i Nationaløkonomisk Tidsskrift (1986) diskuteres centrale aspekter af økonomisk metode og metodologi, specielt hvordan økonomer mener at der kan etableres kontakt mellem modeller og virkelighed, og hvilke implikationer dét har for vurderingen af teorier i økonomi (dvs. økonomisk metodologi). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6312 Files in this item: 1
wp14-2003njf.pdf (258.7Kb) -
a preliminary assessmentFrederiksen, Frode; Husted, Kenneth (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
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Andersson, Bo; Henningsson, Stefan (Springer, 2011/2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The recent years of rapid development of mobile technologies creates opportunities for new user-groups in the mobile workforce to take advantage of information systems (IS). However, to apprehend and harness these opportunities for mobile IS it is crucial to fully understand the user group and the mobile technology. In this paper we deductively, from previous research on aspects on mobility, synthesize a tentative analytical framework capturing factors accentuated in mobile IS design. We evaluate the framework based on criteria of completeness, distinctiveness, and simplicity. Eventually, these two steps develop the framework towards a theoretical contribution as theory for describing handheld computing from a designer’s perspective. Thirteen semi-structured interviews were made and the tentative framework was elaborated and confirmed. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8633 Files in this item: 1
Andersson_Henningsson_2011.pdf (358.7Kb) -
Comparing Digital Piracy and Legal Modes for Film and MusicVeitch, Robert (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The emergence of the Internet in the late 20th century and its continued prominence after the year 2000 have created challenges and opportunities for firms and scholars alike. For firms, information technologies (IT) have facilitated access to foreign markets but exposed them to new forms of competition, both commercial and non-commercial, which have undermined their successes. For scholars, the new contexts created by IT have enabled new forms of behaviour not well explained by existing theory. Confronted by these developments, firms attempted to maintain their business models, while scholars applied established theories to explain and predict decisions and behaviour in the new digital landscape. The emergence of widespread digital film and music piracy facilitated by the Internet provides an example of how existing models are often insufficient to explain behaviours enabled by new technologies. Scholars seeking to explain and predict digital piracy have drawn on theories from across the social sciences to inform their investigations into the phenomenon. While these investigations have revealed important insights into the antecedents of digital piracy, the research literature is limited in three key ways. It is theoretically fragmented. It has largely decontextualised digital piracy by not examining how it occurs in relation to legal access. It has underemphasised factors that vary from title-to-title. This project integrates the key streams of piracy research, namely the research informed by social psychology, criminology, business ethics, marketing and economics, and presents a model that addresses the key limitations in the literature. The model was examined over three successive empirical investigations conducted between the autumn of 2010 and the spring of 2012, drawing on samples of university students and consumers in Denmark. The findings from the investigations emphasise the value of an integrated model that contextualises piracy and includes product-title factors. The model explains more variance in access decisions than the models previously offered in the literature. The empirical findings of the research conducted for the project indicate the importance of product-title factors, namely price perceptions, legal availability, and desirability, in addition to access-mode factors such as subjective norms, ethical judgements, and quality risks. The research contributes to the literature on digital piracy in information systems (IS) by emphasising the importance of producttitle factors in individuals' access decisions. Furthermore, it demonstrates the value of using an integrated theoretical model in IS research, when a variety of potential explanations are offered for behaviour. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8879 Files in this item: 1
Robert_W_D_Veitch_Online_version.pdf (1.791Mb) -
Toward Value Representations of Individual Knowledge in AccountingKrebs, Anne (Frederiksberg, 2018)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Concerned with the management and control of the forces that drive the “knowledge economy”— the research question of the thesis is: How can individual knowledge become operable in dispersed, global contexts to support knowledge-based management decisions at a distance? The conceptual part of the thesis proposes generic, global measurement units in The Intangible Currency, (TIC), to represent the values of individual knowledge resources distributed in a webbased system of non-financial accounting, Intellectual Capital Management Control System, (ICMCS). It suggests methods for knowledge accounting on which to manage allocation of individual knowledge in dispersed firms. The thesis is in three parts. The first part, which applies the theory Design Studies Research, (DSR), conceptualizes the artefacts TIC and ICMCS. The second part produces case-based empirical validations of the two artefacts in a global company. The artefacts are technically and socially tested producing 2x2 tests. The development and implementation process of ICMCS is qualitatively tested and socially analyzed by Actor Network Theory, (ANT) and TIC is quantitatively tested by the use of proxies, because individual knowledge and competence is invisible and ICMCS has not been implemented yet. By four hypotheses the calculative properties in TICs are explored to analyze in an ANT perspective whether the calculative devices, containing no price mechanism, is able to keep the non-financial network of accounting together. The 2x2 validations were successful except for the 4th moment of translation, the mobilization, {{267 Callon,Michel 1986}}in the social validation of ICMCS, where the roll-out was stopped by top management decisions. The third part discusses the used methods, the results and their limitations and alleys for further research. Furthermore, it proposes contributions to literature in IC, Accounting, KM and OM by the concept of TICs as generic calculative devices and measurement units for individual knowledge and competence and the ICMCS as the IC system of accounting, which is assumed to coordinate and distribute Human Capital (HC) by means of clicks mirroring managerial decisions about movements (flow) in the capital. The remaining part of the summary is placed in 6 sections as follows; Firstly, the theoretical problem is presented and secondly a discussion of the empirical relevance is conducted. Thirdly, the research design is briefly described and the main results from the empirical testing presented. The summary is finished by references to the main contributions to theory and practice, and by some limitations and possible avenues for further research. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9645 Files in this item: 1
Anne Krebs.pdf (5.561Mb) -
The Social Life of a Customer Survey in HealthcarePflueger, Dane (Frederiksberg, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The customer survey has become increasingly central to accounting and accountability as pressures to make organizations and professionals more responsive to their customers has intensified over the past twenty years. Yet, the significance and effects of the addition of the survey technology and technique to practices of accounting has hitherto been overlooked. This paper begins to close this research gap by investigating what happens on and around the survey to remake it as central to accounting in healthcare. This paper shows the activities to account for the customer and to make organizations and professionals accountable to her through the survey to involve the ‘remanagerialization of the patient’—that is, the recreation of the patient as a customer with “experiences” uniquely capable of allowing healthcare providers to achieve distinctive managerial ends. This paper also shows these processes to involve the ‘sequestration of customer experience’. Accounting comes to express the customer’s view, and the customer’s view becomes an expression of accounting. This connectivity provides an ontological security and a moral vacuity: it at once establishes control over the experiences of customers and at the same time removes the full breadth of these experiences from organizational life. The intertwining of the survey with accounting, as such, is shown not to entail simply the adoption of a new technology, but rather the wholesale remaking of system to give a voice to the customer and allow her to be heard. Illumination of the processes by which such a system emerged provides insights into accounting change and means of accounting more successfully for customers. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9211 Files in this item: 1
Pflueger.pdf (656.3Kb) -
Controversies in IFRS in the Aftermath of the 2008 Financial CrisisPucci, Richard (Frederiksberg, 2017)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This thesis explores the response of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) to the 2008 financial crisis. At the onset of the crisis, the international accounting standard on financial instruments, IAS 39, was blamed for exacerbating the ill effects of the economic downturn and significant changes were called for by numerous actors including the G20 and the Financial Stability Forum. The dissertation focuses on the events surrounding the emergency amendments to the standard in October 2008 along with the IASB’s long-term response to the crisis, IFRS 9. Moreover, the project analyzes the IFRS 9 endorsement process in the European Union. Attention is directed towards broadening our awareness of the interplay among diverse actors in the revision of international accounting standards. Ultimately, it is hoped that the thesis will broaden extant understandings of the manner in which accounting standard-setters cope with multiple and conflicting interests which crystallize in times of crisis. The project contributes to the literature on accounting standard-setting by further explicating three pertinent issues; namely, (1) how agreements are reached in the critical moments of standard-setting, (2) the influence of economics on accounting standards, and (3) how financial accounting texts are solidified. The thesis is comprised of three papers. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9477 Files in this item: 1
Richard Pucci.pdf (1.738Mb) -
Keiding, Hans; Hansen, Bodil O. (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In the paper, we use the theory of mechanism design to exhibit the cost of efficient provision of healthcare, defined as the uniquely defined sum of individual side payments which would eliminate moral hazard. It is argued that this cost may be used to assess the costs arising from use of the treatment in cases where it is not appropriate from a strictly medical point of view. An example is given to indicate how this assessment might enter into practical cost-effectiveness analysis. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7626 Files in this item: 1
wp.05.07.pdf (264.4Kb) -
Rhizomatic stories of representational faithfulness, decision making and controlLennon, Niels Joseph Jerne (Fredriksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: There is a tendency in accounting theory, both external reporting and management accounting, to express a representational ideal. This to be understood in the sense that accounting information, independent on whether it is reported externally or used for control purposes internally, ought to represent something underlying, whether this is revenue, costs, performance or other things inscribed in the accounting information. In some cases the underlying is not an object, but a procedure which is developed with the purpose of standardising the calculations as to become comparable (Financial Accounting Standards Board, 1980a). In the beginning of the 1970’s in the accounting information literature, simultaneously with the foundation of the American Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), an academic discussion regarding which qualitative characteristics accounting information ought to have, emerges (e.g. Ijiri, 1975, Hines, 1988 og Ingram and Rayburn, 1989). This was caused by FASB’s work on a conceptual framework Standard of Financial Accounting Concepts (SFAC), which was meant as a guide to the standard setters in the development of new accounting standards/principles. A new notion, representational faithfulness, was introduced in SFAC no. 2. The discussion about representational faithfulness is equivocal and no unambiguous definition of what representational faithfulness actually is. This has occasioned a range of dialogues about the representativity of accounting information, the accounting setters’ roles and effects of disclosure of accounting information... URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8640 Files in this item: 1
Niels_Joseph_Jerne_Lennon_NEW.pdf (1.260Mb) -
Bajlum, Claus; Tind Larsen, Peter (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper estimates the impact of accounting transparency on the term structure of CDS spreads for a large cross-section of rms. Using a newly developed measure of accounting transparency in Berger, Chen & Li (2006), we nd a downward-sloping term structure of transparency spreads. Estimating the gap between the high and low transparency credit curves at the 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10-year maturity, the transparency spread is insigni cant in the long end but highly signi cant and robust at 20 bps at the 1-year maturity. Furthermore, the eect of accounting transparency on the term structure of CDS spreads is largest for the most risky rms. These results are strongly supportive of the model by Du¢ e & Lando (2001), and add an explanation to the underprediction of short-term credit spreads by traditional structural credit risk models. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7189 Files in this item: 1
ssrn-id1006161.pdf (443.3Kb) -
An Institutional Study on Management Accounting Change in Air GreenlandBalslev, Lars (Frederiksberg, 2017)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Actors and practices – An institutional study on management accounting change in Air Greenland My former CEO was one of the first executives in Greenland to formally implement an extensive commercial strategy to identify the contradictory forces of social obligations and commercial strivings. This strategy was aimed at connecting managers, executives, and directors under a vision that was calibrated commercially and sociopolitically in support of a commercial airline that was a state-owned enterprise (SOE). In one of my first interviews with my CEO, I asked him about managing an SOE with a strong societal obligation. He noted that: “…there is some inherent conflict in having the type of ownership we have, one in which the commercial owner demands higher profits or they will sell their shares, and the other two government owners, where one wishes to have the lowest possible fares and better infrastructure and the other one just wants less trouble. Well! This is the ongoing inherent conflict of the owner composition we just have to deal with.” He emphasized that SAS, the more “commercial oriented” owner and private shareholder, wanted higher profits and gains, whereas the Government of Greenland, the “social oriented” owner, wanted their SOE to deliver affordable tickets and better infrastructure at a lower price. The Danish government was stuck in the middle of these conflicting forces, because they could see the validity of both the commercial and the social aspects. He emphasized that operating an organization that followed a social, political, and economic track made it difficult to determine the development of the organization. He saw that managers who adhered to following these tracks simultaneously created a wider range of rationalities in terms of socioeconomic output. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9501 Files in this item: 1
Lars Balslev.pdf (2.288Mb) -
Lateral Strategies for Scientists and Those Who Study ThemGorm Hansen, Birgitte (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The thesis Adapting in the Knowledge Economy investigates the strategies deployed by academic scientists when trying to adapt and maneuver within an increasingly complex mixture of scientific, industrial and governmental agendas. Chapter one “From insights to invoice” summarizes the last decade of Danish research policy as a tendency towards intensified focus on interaction between the university and “outside” actors. Looking at Danish policy documents and interview data the chapter shows how policy changes responded to an idea of “ivory tower” researchers isolating themselves in Danish universities. Furthermore, the interaction agenda was motivated by the perception that knowledge was produced but not sufficiently used. Strongly influenced by the concept of the knowledge economy and that of mode 2 knowledge production, policy changes were directed at bridging a gap between the producers and the consumers of knowledge. A series of reforms and initiatives were launched to facilitate more interaction between science and industry as well as more responsiveness towards societies’ problems on behalf of the universities. This interaction agenda was coupled with an increase in the economic investment in research and an increased focus on competition between researchers in order to ensure high quality in knowledge production.... URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8346 Files in this item: 1
Birgitte_Gorm_Hansen.pdf (1.768Mb) -
The Trial-and-Error Approach to OutsourcingBennedsen, Morten; Schultz, Christian (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
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Lando, David; Medhat, Mandouh; Stenbo Nielsen, Mads; Feodor Nielsen, Søren (, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We consider additive intensity (Aalen) models as an alternative to the multiplicative intensity (Cox) models for analyzing the default risk of a sample of rated, non- nancial U.S. rms. The setting allows for estimating and testing the signi cance of time-varying e ects. We use a variety of model checking techniques to identify misspeci cations. In our nal model we nd evidence of time-variation in the e ects of distance-to-default and short-to-long term debt, we identify interactions between distance-to-default and other covariates, and the quick ratio covariate is signi cant. None of our macroeconomic covariates are signi cant. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9100 Files in this item: 1
david_lando_additive_intensity.pdf (5.373Mb) -
Context-awareness Might WorkQin, Xiangang; Effie, Law; Clemmensen, Torkil (Frederiksberg, 2016)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The quality of user experience relies heavily on the consistence and integration of multiple touch points along the journey of purchasing and using mobile services. The challenges caused by fragmented and distributed touch points might be well tackled by providing context-awareness design (CAD). By analyzing the context of using mobile music services we come up with a framework of CAD. CAD can sense the differences of contexts behind multiple touch points, understand the meaning underneath, predict upcoming possible actions, give advice to users and offer customized and adaptive services. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9391 Files in this item: 1
MultiXD16_paper_14.pdf (345.0Kb) -
Austin, Robert D.; Hessel, Shannon (Frederiksberg, 2014)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Business schools all over the world claim educating leaders as a primary objective. Consider these from the “mission statements” of prominent players: • “We educate leaders who make a difference in the world” (Harvard Business School), • “…to develop innovative, principled, and insightful leaders” (Stanford Graduate School of Business), • “Through teaching, we develop responsible, thoughtful leaders” (INSEAD) At the same time, however, there have been many claims that business schools have not delivered on these commitments. Just two weeks ago, Robert Reich, a former US Treasury Secretary, criticized Harvard Business School for “inculcating in [its graduates] a set of ideas and principles that have resulted in a pay gap between CEOs and ordinary workers that’s gone from 20-‐to-‐1 fifty years ago to almost 300-‐to-‐1 today,” implying that social ills have been a direct result of the content and nature of the school’s leadership training.1 David Brookes, writing in the New York Times on September 22 suggests we are experiencing a “leadership crisis” in today’s world.2 There is a pressing need for leadership pedagogy to (continue to) evolve, especially in business schools. Progress needs to be made in terms of content, but also, in this time of MOOCs and advancing educational technologies on every front, in terms of modes of delivery. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9086 Files in this item: 1
Austin and Hessel.pdf (57.20Kb)