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Reconceptualising the Chinese Diaspora in Southeast AsiaJacobsen, Michael (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper argues that the fluidity that permeates the contemporary international community is driven by especially political and economic globalisation, which has a huge impact of the relationship between the nation and the state. As the individual nation state is increasingly depending on the international community for its economic survival this dependency on the global has as a consequence that it rolls back aspects of national sovereignty thus opening up the national hinterland for further international influences. These developments initiate a process of disaggregating state and nation, meaning that a gradual disarticulation of the relationship between state and nation produces new societal spaces, which are contested by non-statist interest groups and transnational more or less deterritorialised ethnic affiliated groups and networks. The argument forwarded in this article is that the ethnic Chinese utilises these newly created spaces for setting up diasporic like networks thus providing substance for transnational ethnoscapes or nations without states. Keywords: globalisation, nation state, diaspora, ethnicity, Chinese, Southeast Asia URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7394 Files in this item: 1
michael-07.pdf (225.9Kb) -
The Case of Chinese Indonesian EntrepreneursKoning, Juliette (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Two things characterize the ethnic Chinese overseas: their subjection to discrimination and their over-representation (relative to the local people in the place of destination) in self-employment and entrepreneurship (Chan Kwok-bun 2004:xiii). Much has been written on ethnic Chinese firms in Southeast Asia. A major part of the scholarly attention has gone into trying to understand and explain business success. As such the debate has for a long time, in a rather dichotomizing way, been divided into capitalist (profit maximisation) and cultural (personal relationship) explanations as the main drivers for this so-called success. Since the late 1990s the debate has entered a new phase, sometimes referred to as the "revisionist mood‿ enhancing the deconstruction and de-mystification of ethic Chinese businesses. Interestingly enough the debate has been rather quiet on issues of identity and ethnic self-representation. This is where this paper tries to fill a gap. By focusing on the role and meaning of ethnicity and religion (as identity markers) in enterprise development, leadership and management styles, and decision-making and networking I hope to contribute to a better understanding of the significance of "being Chinese overseas‿ and "New-Born Christian‿ in entrepreneurial identity. Empirical case material on several new-born Christian ethnic Chinese entrepreneurs of small and medium sized companies in Indonesia shall be used to explore this delicate relationship. The overtly non-Christian socio-political domination and the contested citizenship position of ethnic Chinese in parts of the region shall be features of the necessary contextual discussion. Keywords: Ethnic Chinese, Indonesia, Entrepreneurship, New Order, Chineseness. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7392 Files in this item: 1
cdp 2006-005.pdf (294.0Kb) -
Experiences from SingaporeOoi, Can-Seng (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper draws inspiration from Edward Said’s orientalism, and examines how the three National Museums of Singapore – the Singapore History Museum, the Singapore Art Museum and the Asian Civilizations Museums – are orientalized. The process is mediated through the museums’ close links to tourism promotion in the city-state. The tourism authorities in Singapore have found that the city destination has become too modern and western for many tourists, and the destination has embarked on a campaign to make Singapore more oriental. The creation of the museums is one strategy to orientalize Singapore; these museums assert different layers of Singapore’s oriental identities. Each museum appropriates the tourist orientalist imagination in different ways. This paper argues that the orientalist imagination can be understood as a set of knowledge resources for the construction of local identities to enhance a destination’s uniqueness and attractiveness. Besides reviewing Said’s orientalism, this paper visits criticisms of the theory, within the context of the orientalization process of museums in Singapore. Keywords: orientalism, Singapore Art Museum, Singapore History Museum, Asian Civilizations Museum, Singapore tourism. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7399 Files in this item: 1
cdp05-01-csooibibl.pdf (170.2Kb) -
Roy, Indrajit; Narayanan, K. (Frederiksberg, 2016)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Indian OFDI has increased and diversified substantially in the last 10 years. This paper uses quantile difference-in-difference measure to estimate home country effects of the OFDI decision of Indian corporate on their firm level characteristics reflected in various financial/non-financial ratios. Quantile coefficients inform us about differential effects of OFDI on different segments of the probability distributions of these firm characteristics and also change in within group inequality. It is observed that in the Indian context, the ‘home’ effect of OFDI is a slow process and the true effect of OFDI is revealed as time progresses. Also the effects (dimension, intensity and significance level) of OFDI are not same across segments (top, median or bottom) of the distribution of the selected variables and effects are found to be mostly muted when they are analysed on the bases of mean of the distribution (i.e. general DiD effect). OFDI leads to (a) reduction of inequality of firms (b) improvement in R&D expense of firms except those firms with already relatively high expenditure (3rd quartile) (c) exports to sales initially improve for three years and then worsen for small firms (first quartile), however, for the mid-size firms (median) it worsens after one year and (d) median of operating ratio (expense/sales) as well as after tax profit margin (PAT/sales) worsened over the year. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9295 Files in this item: 1
CDP-60.pdf (390.2Kb) -
Bhattacharyya, Sudipta; Abraham, Mathew; D’Costa, Anthony (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper uses the structuralist framework of agriculture-industry synergy in an economy to discuss the performance of the agricultural and industrial sectors in India. The industry – agriculture relationship is argued to be integral to economic development as the agriculture sector supplies raw materials, surplus labour to the industrial sector and acts as a source of demand for industrial goods. However, in India this relationship has been complex. This paper looks at the supply side constraints in the agricultural sector and the demand side constraints in the industrial sector to assess the poor development and growth in the two sectors. It concludes that India has not followed the structuralist pattern of sectoral development and poor agricultural growth has not been conducive for demand led industrialization, adversely affecting factor markets for both labour and land. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8642 Files in this item: 1
CDP 2013-40 samlet.pdf (472.2Kb) -
Peverelli, Peter J. (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The Port of Rotterdam is a typical European organisation that undertakes several activities towards China annually and has a clear understanding of what it has to offer to its Chinese counterparts, but does not always succeed in achieving rapport with those counterparts. This paper studies the identity constructs of the Port of Rotterdam in a selected number of Chinese contexts (central ministries, main ports, etc.). The methodology is narrative analysis using corpora of texts compiled for each context. The core theoretical principle1 is that identity is not a property, but a process of ongoing interaction. The identity of A can only be established in a particular context, by observing the interaction between A and parties in that context. A will thus obtain multiple identities in multiple contexts. The results can be used by the Port of Rotterdam to improve the effectiveness of its delegations to China. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7406 Files in this item: 1
peverelli-2007-19.pdf (192.3Kb) -
Ten general principlesLi, Xin; Brødsgaard, Kjeld Erik; Jacobsen, Michael (, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We argue, due to the conspicuous failure of Washington Consensus-guided reforms in most part of the developing world in 1990s and the outbreak of the current global financial crisis, Washington Consensus, as a general term of the neoliberal free market economic thinking, has been withering. In the meantime, Chinese economic model has gain wide recognition and praise worldwide. Joshua C. Ramo coined the term of Beijing Consensus as an alternative approach to economic development for developing nations. There has been hot debate on the notion of Beijing Consensus. We argue even though there are some problems in Ramo’s original definition of Beijing Consensus, we should not reject this notion altogether. Instead, we should try to come up with better conceptualizations of this term. In this paper, we sum up ten general principles of the Chinese development model as our new definition of the Beijing Consensus. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7830 Files in this item: 1
CDP 2009-029.pdf (112.1Kb) -
Shambaugh, David (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: China’s diplomacy is among the many accomplishments of China during the period of reform and opening up. The People’s Republic of China is emerging fully on to the world’s stage, and in a largely positive fashion. It now has both interests and a presence in parts of the world completely new to China—such as Latin America and the Middle East. Beijing has managed its relations well with the major world powers—United States, Russia, and the European Union. It has transformed its regional diplomacy in Asia, reasserted a role in Africa, and has become more active in multilateral organizations. Thirty years ago, at the outset of the “reform and opening” era, China acted hesitantly on the world stage, limiting itself largely to its united front tactics against Soviet “social imperialism.” Its diplomats were not very sophisticated and rarely left their embassies abroad. In the United Nations, China’s preferred medium of voting was to abstain (especially on sensitive issues). In short, China’s diplomacy was hesitant and not confident, inward-looking not outward looking, parochial and not sophisticated, reactive not proactive, and composed more of words than deeds. Today, these latter characterizations better describe China’s diplomacy. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8013 Files in this item: 1
Hele_discussion_paper.pdf (72.18Kb) -
The Case of Maersk LineWorm, Verner; Jakobsen, Michael (Frederiksberg, 2018)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to study the consequences of rolling out a global corporate culture on a multinational company in order to streamline modes of communication between headquarter and local offices across different host markets in an attempt to optimise the functionality of the organisation per se. Our key focus in this connection is to understand how employees in the Danish shipping company Maersk Line’s headquarter in Copenhagen as well as in three local offices in Shanghai, Tokyo and Kuala Lumpur ‘read’ and respond towards such an optimisation process. We focus in particular on how employees, based on their ‘reading’ of this process, try to make sense of it in order to construct personal strategies as guidelines for how to navigating the organization to their own and the company’s advantage. The key question to research in this context is what elements enters into employees personal strategies when navigating a multinational organization? To answer this question we employ a phenomenological approach as a way of exploring the relationship between organizational changes and employers’ response towards them. We argue that single case studies provides us with the capability of providing deep insight into the inner workings of a multinational organisation. Furthermore, such kind of studies shows how various societal factors within a host market impact on the functionality of employees in local offices as well as on the relationship between the latter and headquarter. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9635 Files in this item: 1
CDP 2018-66.pdf (218.3Kb) -
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in ChinaHolst Jensen, Mads (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Taking into account a broad range of stakeholders who may affect or be affected by corporate action, the perspective of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) carries the promise of a win-win situation for all. CSR in China is highly topical, as the country is integrating into the supply chains of the major global players, but the ideals of CSR are a far cry from the realities of production in "the workshop of the world". In this paper I will discuss key issues relating to the process of adapting CSR into the Chinese context. I will focus on the position of the PRC political leadership. I argue that the leadership seems to pursue an agenda of submerging CSR under the control of the Party-State and conceptualizing CSR by reference to a blend of an eclectic interpretation of Western European welfare models and CSR conceptions with an eclectic interpretation of Chinese tradition and political culture. As a result, CSR in China lacks the element of multi-stakeholder dialogue, which is commonly recognized as the core element of CSR in Western countries. Keywords: CSR, China, Labour issue, MNCE, NGO, Politic change. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7405 Files in this item: 1
cdp 2006-006.pdf (368.9Kb) -
The role of equity in the transition from egalitarianism to capitalismRutten, Koen (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The ‘Scientific Development Concept’, promulgated by Hu Jintao in 2007 articulated the increased eminence of social development in official ideology. The shift from political and economic objectives towards social factors can be explained by growing concerns over the current negative externalities of China’s economic growth, the long and midterm sustainability of its economic development model and the implications thereof for social stability and political legitimacy. An immediate priority has been to formulate and implement a response to mitigate the disruptive effects of the transition to a market economy. Such a response must cover a wide array of social issues, ranging from provision of health, education and infrastructure, pension to unemployment insurance and poverty alleviation. The welfare issue is characterized by high degrees of complexity and interdependency between endogenous factors and exogenous political and economic variables. Improvements are further confounded by the high decentralization of administration, regional disparities and the sheer size of operations. Although progress has been made on most fronts, it remains to be seen whether recent initiatives will prove sufficient to meet China’s social challenges. In this paper, I provide a summary of the academic literature on post-reform development of the welfare system. I will give an overview of its most salient problems, initiatives and their preliminary outcomes. Finally, I will present some concluding remarks and provide suggestions for future research. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8018 Files in this item: 1
Koen.pdf (152.8Kb) -
Yenching University, St. John’s University and Yale in ChinaGjedssø Bertelsen, Rasmus; Thybo Møller, Steffen (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper analyses the historical ‘direct’ soft power of American missionary universities in China and their ‘reverse’ soft power towards American society until their nationalization in the early 1950s. The paper also addresses the soft power of the legacies of these historical universities. This analysis is based on the cases of St. John’s University, Yale-in-China and Yenching University. American missionary universities were founded with the clear ‘direct’ soft power purpose of attracting the Chinese ‘other’ to Christianity. However, soft power resources often have unintended behavioral consequences and a particularly interesting one is ‘reverse’ soft power: Where the intended object society of soft power influences the originator society of soft power, for example, through education and advocacy. American missionary universities exercised substantial soft power both toward the Chinese host society and toward the American society. The institutions in China also left institutional legacies at American—and Canadian—universities which continue to hold soft power in the relationship between American and Chinese society. The extent and limitation of this bidirectional soft power can be discerned from what attracted different actors to these universities and what those and other actors rejected about these universities; this is based on a detailed analysis of the relations between the universities and different public and private actors in the host society and the society of origin. These relations were characterized by the role of the universities as bridges between host society and society of origin carrying much information between societies, raising awareness and interest about the other society, moving elite-level human resources back and forth and raising large financial resources in the USA for education and research in China. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8202 Files in this item: 1
revised CDP 2010-34.pdf (178.4Kb) -
Internal and External Pressures and State ResponsesEmbong, Abdul Rahman (Frederiksberg, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This article examines the role of the state in development, and the question of poverty, inequality and regional disparity in selected ASEAN countries Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines in the context of both internal and external pressures faced by the state and how its responds to them. This article examines the historical context of the socioeconomic transformation, the current state of development, the high level of poverty in these countries (except Malaysia), the pervasive inequality and regional disparity, the various internal and external pressures exerted on the state and the latter’s response to them. The article concludes by highlighting the importance of appropriate state policies for inclusive development and the role of civil society to exert pressure to ensure states perform such tasks. It argues that these issues are a result of state policies and institutional arrangements, and that to resolve them, appropriate inclusive policies need to be crafted and effectively implemented. The state has the autonomy and space to devise such policies but it is dependent on the political will of state actors and the role of civil society in engaging with the state to effect such reforms to address poverty, inequality and regional disparity effectively. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9225 Files in this item: 1
2015-52.pdf (756.3Kb) -
Sin, Khoo Cheok (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Over the past decade, the Government of Malaysia has become increasing aware of the significant contribution of small medium enterprises (SMEs) to the national economy. A number of Government programmes and incentives were offered to the SMEs in the past years but with limited impact. This lecture touches on the nature and contribution of the Malaysian SMEs in the first five years of the 21st century. An attempt was made to identify the success factors and weaknesses of SMEs from official reports of Government agencies, and findings of research studies on the subject. Recognising the challenges posed by globalisation and trade liberalisation on the Malaysian SMEs, the Government revamped its policies, programmes, incentives, and approaches which are currently implemented in the Ninth Malaysian Plan and the Third Industrial Master Plan. The objective is to enhance the SMEs’ capacity and capabilities through continuous product development, knowledge and technology acquisition to empower them to compete with other global players offering high quality products and services at competitive prices. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8023 Files in this item: 1
Discussion paper master.doc.pdf (185.6Kb) -
The Place Branding of Denmark and SingaporeOoi, Can-Seng (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Place branding has become popular. Places brand themselves to attract tourists, talented foreign workers, investments and businesses. The brand accentuates the positive characteristics of the place; it frames the society and sells its cultures. In the context of tourism, this paper examines the branding strategies of two very different countries – Denmark and Singapore. In Singapore, the convergence between the brand message and the place reality is frequently engineered by creating new brand-related products. In Denmark, the brand tries to communicate an existing local reality; it wants to present a prevailing reality. To the Danes, the brand is descriptive and should portray the country in a positive and accurate manner. To the Singaporeans, the brand is normative and a vision of what Singaporean society ought to become. These countries share common goals when branding themselves but their branding strategies are different, why? This paper situates their strategic differences in the local social, cultural and political context. Although country branding is externally directed, domestic politics and mechanisms of local control affect how the country can brand itself. Keywords: place branding, branding strategies, Denmark, Singapore, tourism, destination URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7393 Files in this item: 1
cdp 2006-009.pdf (157.1Kb) -
A Dynamic Institutional ApproachAggarwal, Aradhna (Frederiksberg, 2017)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper presents a comprehensive conceptual framework for the rationale, success factors and development outcomes of Special Economic Zones (SEZs), and analyses their performance in selected Asian countries within that framework. It draws on the tenets of the literature on ‘dynamics of institutional changes’ to introduce basic assumptions and generates a series of propositions as building blocks of the framework. It argues that SEZs are a safety valve that can address inefficiencies within a given institutional context. If used strategically, the SEZ policy can be an exceedingly versatile tool to achieve a variety of goals. The drivers of success and economic outcomes of SEZs depend on the strategic approach adopted by policy makers towards SEZs. There is no single recipe of their success or development outcomes. Finally, institutions evolve in the process of development. So must strategic approaches towards SEZs. New genres of SEZs need to emerge and the existing ones must upgrade to address new institutional challenges, and achieve new goals. It argues that is the SEZ policy and not SEZs per se that need to be the focal point of the SEZ debate. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9537 Files in this item: 1
CDP 64-2017.pdf (244.1Kb) -
Some Preliminary ThoughtsBrødsgaard, Kjeld Erik (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: It is the object of considerable debate in Western scholarship whether an authoritarian political order dominated by a strong communist party can continue to exist in China given the many challenges stemming from internal reform and the impact of globalization. Will China eventually turn democratic and will the communist party become obsolete and disappear, just as has happened in many other former communist countries. There seems to be a general consensus that Chinese political system is bound to change, but there is no agreement as to the direction and form of change... URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8368 Files in this item: 1
Kjeld_Erik_Broedsgaard_2011-38.pdf (364.0Kb) -
An Inductive Study from Chinacao, Yangfeng; Zhang, Kai; Luo, Wenhao (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This study aims to put forward a new concept in charismatic leadership theory: source of leader charisma (SLC). Using an inductive approach, we identified the various dimensions of SLC in the Chinese context, and found that SLC comprises of charismatic personality and charismatic behaviors. Charismatic personality consists of three dimensions: high morality, outstanding talents, and attractive characteristics. Charismatic behavior also includes three dimensions: visional inspiration, character development, and morale stimulation. Finally, we developed a primary model to explore the mechanism by which the SLCs are attributed to charisma by follower. Our findings in the present study contribute to new evidence that charismatic leadership theory may transcend cultural boundaries. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8659 Files in this item: 1
Cao_Zhang_Luo_2013-41.pdf (455.3Kb) -
Implications for U.S. Responses to China’s RisePan, Chengxin (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: There has been a commonly held belief, especially in the United States, that Chinese business is distinctively Chinese. Understanding its Chineseness in unitary, monolithic and national terms, this assumption has both underpinned a zero-sum perspective on U.S.-China relations, and fuelled the China threat argument. This paper seeks to critically examine this essentialist construction of Chinese business and its foreign policy implications. Drawing on a global production network (GPN) approach, the paper argues that as well as exhibiting its Chinese characteristics, Chinese business is increasingly characterised by its transnationalness, which calls into question the coherence and unity of the Chinese economy. In this context, the American construction of China as a singular, threatening economic entity not only fails to capture the multiple, unstable identities of Chinese business and the complexities of U.S.-China relations associated with them, but often serves to inform simplistic, counter-productive and even dangerous China policy in the age of global interdependence. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7412 Files in this item: 1
chengxin_clean.pdf (232.8Kb)
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Now showing items 48-66 of 66